深度交锋！牛津大学经典英辩全集｜暴力抗议到底算不算合法政治手

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P2 · 深度交锋！牛津大学经典英辩全集｜暴力抗议到底算不算合法政治手段 p02 Julia Maranhao-Wong argues that non-violent protest is more effective in a democ (P2)

深度交锋！牛津大学经典英辩全集｜暴力抗议到底算不算合法政治手段 p02 Julia Maranhao-Wong argues that non-violent protest is more effective in a democ (P2)

发布于 2026-07-21 · 时长 9:36

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:04	Thank you, Madam President.	谢谢你,主席女士。
0:06	It is an honor and a pleasure to speak before you today.	今天在你们面前发言是一种荣幸和荣幸。
0:09	Nearly as long as there has been society, there has been government, and nearly as long	几乎只要有社会, 有政府, 几乎有时间
0:12	as there has been governments, there has been dissent.	由于曾经有政府,人们一直持不同意见。
0:16	Coming from one modern democracy	来自一个现代民主
0:18	and currently speaking in another, it's clear to me, as I hope it is to everyone here, the	而现在在另一个发言, 这对我来说是清楚的, 正如我希望这是 在座各位,
0:24	necessity and the vital role that protests play in any healthy democracy.	必要性和抗议在任何健康民主中的重要作用。
0:29	However, the	然而,
0:30	question posed today is not one of the merits of protests.	今天提出的问题不是抗议的优点之一。
0:33	That's something that I hope	我希望这样

展开字幕全文（161 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	Thank you, Madam President.	谢谢你,主席女士。
2	It is an honor and a pleasure to speak before you today.	今天在你们面前发言是一种荣幸和荣幸。
3	Nearly as long as there has been society, there has been government, and nearly as long	几乎只要有社会, 有政府, 几乎有时间
4	as there has been governments, there has been dissent.	由于曾经有政府,人们一直持不同意见。
5	Coming from one modern democracy	来自一个现代民主
6	and currently speaking in another, it's clear to me, as I hope it is to everyone here, the	而现在在另一个发言, 这对我来说是清楚的, 正如我希望这是 在座各位,
7	necessity and the vital role that protests play in any healthy democracy.	必要性和抗议在任何健康民主中的重要作用。
8	However, the	然而,
9	question posed today is not one of the merits of protests.	今天提出的问题不是抗议的优点之一。
10	That's something that I hope	我希望这样
11	we all can agree on.	我们都同意
12	Rather, it's what lines we draw when we actually do decide to exercise	相反,这是我们画的线 当我们真正决定锻炼
13	that right.	没错
14	Do the ends always justify the means?	目的是否总能证明手段合理?
15	At what points do we recognize that	我们何时才认识到
16	we must be better than that which we protest?	我们必须比我们抗议的更好?
17	First, it falls upon me to introduce the proposition	首先,我有责任介绍这个提议
18	for tonight's debate.	今晚的辩论。
19	Just now you heard from Theo Adler Williams, a second year at Worcester	刚才你听说西奥·阿德勒·威廉姆斯 在伍斯特的第二年
20	College and our Director of Research.	学院和我们的研究主任。
21	This would, of course, sound like a terrifying	当然,这听起来像一个可怕的
22	title to speak against.	有权发言反对。
23	If I, as an officer, had any clue what his job was, I tried to	如果我作为一名军官 知道他的工作是什么
24	come up with more of a roast, but unfortunately there just wasn't much material there.	来点烤肉,但不幸的是,那里没有太多材料。
25	Speaking	请讲
26	second, we have the honor of hearing from Thierry Paul-Vellette, a French activist renowned	第二,我们有幸听到蒂埃里·保罗-维莱特, 一位法国活动家,著名的
27	for his work with the Yellow Vest Citizens Movement.	他与黄巢市民运动合作
28	In all honesty, it's difficult	老实说,这很难
29	to find something to digest about, as Mr. Vellette has achieved so much campaigning	因为Vellette先生已经做了很多竞选活动
30	against corruption, the crisis in Yemen, racism, and, of course, most importantly,	也门的危机、种族主义,当然最重要的是,
31	Bridget Macron's dresses.	布丽姬·麦克伦的裙子
32	According to one news source, the petition read that the wife	据一位消息人士说,请愿书上说,妻子
33	of a president should not be wearing bling-bling dresses at the UN.	总统不应该穿 闪闪发光的衣服 在联合国。
34	Who's going to tell him?	谁会告诉他?
35	It's fine, decapitation is how we work in this country.	没关系的,斩首是我们在这个国家的工作方式.
36	Finally, concluding the case	最后,结案
37	for the proposition is a member of my committee and a good friend, Charlotte Fallon.	提议是 我的委员会成员和好朋友夏洛特·法伦
38	Charlotte	夏绿蒂
39	has not induced any violent uprisings against me thus far, though perhaps that's simply	目前为止还没有引起任何针对我的暴力起义,虽然也许这很简单
40	because she has other means of speaking truth to power.	因为她有其他方法向权力说真话
41	Although I doubt there's much speaking	虽然我怀疑有很多话要说
42	involved with her activities with our treasurer.	她和我们的财长有关系
43	Madam President, these are your speakers,	主席女士,这些是你的发言者,
44	and they are most welcome.	他们非常受欢迎。
45	Side proposition would have you believe that there are causes	侧面提议会让你相信有原因
46	that not only justify but demand violent protests.	不仅有理由,而且要求进行暴力抗议。
47	In this motion, as we can agree, necessary	我们同意,在这项动议中,
48	acts as the principle threshold.	作为原则阈值。
49	The question is not one of whether violent protests is	问题不在于暴力抗议是否
50	more efficient at conveying a message or better at acknowledging a demand, nor a question	更有效地传递信息或更好地承认需求或问题
51	of whether leadership isn't absolutely necessary in all of these cases.	在所有这些案件中,是否绝对需要领导。
52	However, in these cases,	然而,在这些情况下,
53	I believe it's important that side proposition will argue that violence is not always, is	我认为重要的是 侧命题会争论 暴力并不总是,是
54	always justified.	总是有道理
55	Apologies, I realize that my paper is double-sided and that was the	对不起,我意识到我的论文是双面的,这就是
56	moment.	等会儿
57	No, the question here is one of whether violence is something that absolutely must	不,这里的问题是 暴力是否绝对必须
58	be weaponized politically.	政治武器化。
59	Whether there's any case in which violence contributes something	是否有暴力有帮助的情况
60	to a protest so integral that it not only justifies its existence, but is absolutely	抗议如此不可分割,以至于它不仅证明它的存在是正当的,而且绝对
61	necessary.	有必要。
62	This is a statement that I intend to challenge.	我打算对这种说法提出质疑。
63	The burden today, as outlined	概述的今天的负担
64	earlier, lies with side proposition to prove that there exists a situation in which protests	更早之前,他提出附带主张,证明存在抗议的情况。
65	require violence in order to be heard.	需要暴力才能被听到。
66	I will begin by outlining the parameters of what	我首先将概述以下参数:
67	may be classified as a protest and then, within this definition, argue that violent protest	也可以归类为抗议,然后根据这一定义,认为暴力抗议
68	cannot be justified within any modern democracy and, in government structures that may not	在任何现代民主中,以及在政府结构中,如果政府结构可能没有
69	be classified as such, is both an insufficient and, in some cases, even a counterproductive	被归类为此类,既不充分,有时甚至适得其反。
70	measure.	计量。
71	Defined by the Oxford Dictionary as a statement or action expressing disapproval	被牛津词典定义为表示不赞成的声明或行动
72	or an objection to something, protests may be summarized as an expression of dissent.	抗议可以概括为表达异议。
73	So why do people protest?	那为什么人们要抗议?
74	What do we believe warrants such a strong moral condemnation	我们认为什么值得如此强烈的道德谴责
75	as to justify such a significant stance?	以证明这种重要立场是正当的?
76	The thing about protests is, if the answer to	抗议是,如果答案是:
77	these questions were the same universally, protest would not exist as there would be	这些问题在世界上是相同的, 抗议是不存在的,
78	nothing to protest about.	没什么好抗议的
79	We would agree what these injustices are and how to best deal	我们同意这些不公正是什么 如何最好地处理
80	with them.	与他们。
81	But that's not the case.	但事实并非如此。
82	So we protest.	所以我们抗议。
83	We color the Radcliffe camera orange	我们把拉德克里夫相机涂成橙色
84	and draw attention to the crimes of the fossil fuel industry.	并提请注意矿物燃料工业的罪行。
85	We draw hourglasses on buildings	我们在建筑上画几小时的眼镜
86	to remind the public of climate change.	提醒公众注意气候变化。
87	We march on Washington, Parliament, historical	我们进军华盛顿,议会,历史
88	student-run debate societies and universities.	学生主持的辩论会和大学。
89	Now, in which of these cases is violence a	现在,其中哪一个案件是暴力
90	student can agree upon?	学生可以同意吗?
91	Should the UCU have thrown down not only their pens from marking	如果UCU从标记上扔下笔
92	papers but started throwing down to the students as well?	也开始向学生扔纸?
93	Probably not.	也许不是。
94	Why?	为什么?
95	Because non-violent	因为非暴力
96	protest in this case was very effective.	本案的抗议非常有效。
97	And this is generally the case for any wide political	而对于任何广泛的政治性
98	protest in any modern democracy.	在任何现代民主中抗议
99	If the cause is truly one of a universal moral outcry,	如果这个事业真的是一种普遍的道德抗议,
100	policymakers elected by the masses cannot afford to not address it, regardless of the	大众选举的决策者,无论如何解决,都不能不解决。
101	violence inflicted or not.	施加或不施加暴力。
102	If the cause is one of matters of facts and truth, surely	如果起因是事实和真相
103	free speech and debates will uncover this truth and protests will draw attention to	自由言论和辩论将揭示真相,
104	it regardless of the violence.	无论暴力如何
105	The only case in which non-violent protests may be ineffective	非暴力抗议可能无效的唯一案例
106	are in cases where the government no longer listens to the people, are in cases where	在政府不再倾听人民的意见的情况下,在
107	perhaps it is not a modern democracy in the way that we live in it.	也许它不是我们生活在其中的现代民主。
108	However, in these	但是,在这些方面,
109	cases I believe side proposition will argue violence is justified.	我相信侧面的提议会认为暴力是正当的。
110	Violence is required	暴力是必要的
111	to make them hear, make them listen, create the change necessary.	让他们听,让他们听, 创造必要的改变。
112	Violent protests may	暴力抗议可能
113	be most easily argued to be necessary in these regimes that won't listen to reason.	在那些不听劝告的政权中,最容易被辩驳为必要.
114	Governments	各国政府
115	that no longer rely upon public opinion, where peaceful marches, vandalism and other means	不再依赖舆论,和平游行、破坏和其他手段
116	of protest don't work, is violent protest truly the correct option here?	暴力抗议真的是正确的选择吗?
117	One may argue	可能会有人争吵
118	in systems that are sufficiently sick, violence adds an urgency to what the situation demands.	暴力使局势更加紧迫。
119	However, violent protest is rarely the best means of dismantling a non-democratic system.	然而,暴力抗议很少是摧毁非民主制度的最佳手段。
120	Surely in a nation such as that mentioned, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea,	在一个像那样的国家,朝鲜民主主义人民共和国,
121	a nation that is far from democratic by our conceptions, a protest of any variety would	一个远未实现民主的国家,
122	not be seen as the best manner of dismantling the power structures in place.	不应被视为拆除现有权力结构的最佳方式。
123	See, when you	看,当你
124	Google protest versus, riot, rally and strike all appear.	谷歌的抗议、暴动、集会和罢工都出现了。
125	So does revolution.	革命也一样
126	Many of the	许多
127	topics that were brought up by side proposition today included actually the word revolution	今天边谈边谈的题目 其实包括革命这个词
128	within it.	在它内部。
129	Violent protests are fundamentally different to revolutions in their organization	暴力抗议与组织上的革命根本不同
130	and definitionally.	和定义。
131	In cases where it is a non-democratic regime, in cases where the	如果它是一个非民主政权,如果它是一个非民主政权。
132	government is not listening to their people, would it not be much better to rewrite that	政府不听他们的人民的话 重写这个会更好吗?
133	government to create a more democratic government in its place?	政府要建立一个更民主的政府?
134	And violent protests, different	暴力抗议 不同
135	than revolutions, are hardly effective at doing this.	比革命更难办到
136	Further, in arguably semi-democratic	而且,可以说是半民主的
137	systems, I can think of few cases in which civil disobedience and consistent undermining	我只能想到少数 非暴力反抗和一贯破坏
138	of the specific parameters that we object to would be weaker than violent protest, an	我们反对的具体参数比暴力抗议弱,
139	act that's far more detached from the actual laws and objections that we hold.	更脱离我们所持有的实际法律和反对意见
140	So where	所以从哪里
141	does this leave us?	离开我们了吗?
142	In democratic systems, where the government is sensitive to the will	在民主制度中,政府对于意愿敏感
143	and opinions of the people, non-violent protest works.	非暴力抗议的作品
144	And in non-democratic systems, or systems	在非民主制度或制度
145	where the government is so detached from what the people are actually thinking that we don't	在那里,政府是如此脱离 人民实际上认为我们不
146	think our non-violent protest will work.	认为我们的非暴力抗议会成功
147	Well, in those cases, violent protest is oftentimes	在这些情况下 暴力抗议经常发生
148	only a tool for information and cannot produce the coordinated effort.	只有信息工具,无法产生协调一致的努力。
149	It cannot produce	无法产生
150	the systemic change that is necessary.	系统变革是必要的。
151	I will give it to side proposition that occasionally	我会把它给侧面的提议,偶尔
152	violence can draw more attention, but that's when we return to our definition.	暴力可以引起更多的关注,但是这时我们回到我们的定义。
153	To protest	抗议
154	is to voice dissent.	是表达异议。
155	It is important that we recognize if a government is not listening,	我们必须承认,如果一个政府不听,
156	the sickness runs far deeper than anything a violent protest can fix.	病情比任何暴力抗议都严重得多
157	And as you mentioned,	正如你提到的,
158	revolutions tend to be more of a fix there.	革命更是一个固定。
159	If we leave blood on our hands after we are	如果我们在之后留下鲜血
160	finished dissenting, there is far more to protest about.	持反对意见,还有更多的抗议。
161	Thank you.	谢谢

该视频共有字幕 161 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格

P4 · 深度交锋！牛津大学经典英辩全集｜暴力抗议到底算不算合法政治手段 p04 Sathasivian Cooper discusses how use of violence leads to a never-ending cycle o (P4)

深度交锋！牛津大学经典英辩全集｜暴力抗议到底算不算合法政治手段 p04 Sathasivian Cooper discusses how use of violence leads to a never-ending cycle o (P4)

发布于 2026-07-21 · 时长 10:31

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:04	Beware the seduction of the gun, which tends to gravely impact human agency.	注意枪的诱导,这往往会严重影响人体机构.
0:12	Having grown up in a violent society and witnessing the violence that engulfs us almost every	在暴力社会中长大 目睹暴力席卷我们
0:22	minute on all platforms, electronic, regular media, and social media, where minute by minute	在所有平台、电子、普通媒体和社交媒体上,分钟一次
0:38	we see war played out in real time.	我们看到战争是实时的
0:45	The violence on the majority of innocent people, is that something we can condone?	对大多数无辜人民的暴力,是我们可以宽恕的东西吗?
0:56	No, we can't.	不,我们不能。
0:58	I cannot but oppose violence in all its manifestations for a variety of reasons, and having experienced	我不能不反对所有表现形式的暴力,因为各种原因,并且经历了
1:10	violence myself, I would not want violence visited on anybody.	暴力本身,我不想任何人遭受暴力。
1:18	Violence breeds reaction and violence without end, causing profound and immeasurable suffering,	暴力滋生反应和暴力而无止境,造成深刻和不可估量的痛苦,
1:28	benefiting those who manufacture arms, ammunition, bombs, and other weapons of human destruction.	使制造武器、弹药、炸弹和其他毁灭性武器的人受益。

展开字幕全文（90 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	Beware the seduction of the gun, which tends to gravely impact human agency.	注意枪的诱导,这往往会严重影响人体机构.
2	Having grown up in a violent society and witnessing the violence that engulfs us almost every	在暴力社会中长大 目睹暴力席卷我们
3	minute on all platforms, electronic, regular media, and social media, where minute by minute	在所有平台、电子、普通媒体和社交媒体上,分钟一次
4	we see war played out in real time.	我们看到战争是实时的
5	The violence on the majority of innocent people, is that something we can condone?	对大多数无辜人民的暴力,是我们可以宽恕的东西吗?
6	No, we can't.	不,我们不能。
7	I cannot but oppose violence in all its manifestations for a variety of reasons, and having experienced	我不能不反对所有表现形式的暴力,因为各种原因,并且经历了
8	violence myself, I would not want violence visited on anybody.	暴力本身,我不想任何人遭受暴力。
9	Violence breeds reaction and violence without end, causing profound and immeasurable suffering,	暴力滋生反应和暴力而无止境,造成深刻和不可估量的痛苦,
10	benefiting those who manufacture arms, ammunition, bombs, and other weapons of human destruction.	使制造武器、弹药、炸弹和其他毁灭性武器的人受益。
11	Violence is a learned behavior.	暴力是一种学习行为。
12	It's not inherent to the human condition.	这不是人类的固有条件.
13	Our children learn to rely on violence because of adults behaving badly, and leadership being	我们的儿童学会依靠暴力,因为成年人行为不善,领导力也
14	a feat and unable to stop wars, to prevent wars, to stop violence against women, children	成功和无法制止战争、防止战争、制止对妇女、儿童的暴力行为
15	who are the majority who suffer when acts of violence occur.	当暴力行为发生时,他们占大多数。
16	Our children then are socialized by that normalization, especially through social media, where young	然后,我们的儿童通过社会正常化,特别是通过社交媒体,在社交媒体中,年轻人
17	minds are shaped through what they consume, being bombarded by mindless yet strident exhortations	心灵通过消耗而成形 被愚昧而尖锐的劝告所轰炸
18	against those who may appear to be different, or who see the world through the wondrous	或以奇异者对抗世人,
19	prism of humanity.	人类的棱镜。
20	Our children can instantly watch how to kill and maim fellow human beings, instead of learning	我们的孩子可以立刻看着如何杀死和残害人类同胞,而不是学习
21	that we all possess the same biology, save for reproduction, appreciating the spectrum	我们都有同样的生物学,除了复制,欣赏谱系
22	of diversity that makes us part of one human family.	多样性使我们成为人类大家庭的一部分。
23	Loss of life in whatever cause is terrible and offends the human condition.	以任何可怕的原因丧失生命,都会冒犯人类。
24	Systematic killing, especially of those vulnerable in our society and who constitute the majority	蓄意杀害,特别是杀害社会中易受伤害者和占多数者
25	and are noncombatant, is indefensible.	且不战者,不辩也.
26	Those of us who have been shocked by the wanton violence that constantly erupts, and especially	我们当中那些对不断爆发的肆意暴力感到震惊的人,特别是
27	more recently, in Ukraine, in Israel, in Gaza, to mention just the most current wars that	最近,在乌克兰,在以色列,在加沙,仅提及目前战争。
28	have hit the news, and it's seemingly wanton leading to, drawing all of us into taking	并且看来是故意的 吸引着我们所有人
29	a side.	一边
30	Why should I choose a side against my brother, against my sister?	我为什么要选择一边对付我哥哥,一边对付我妹妹?
31	We are all part of that human family, and to commit acts of violence and to propose	我们都是人类大家庭的成员,我们实施暴力行为,并提议
32	violence as a solution when there are other means, and the people shall rise, that's not	当有其他手段时,暴力作为解决办法,人民将崛起,这不是
33	a protest, that's when people speak through their actions.	抗议,也就是人们通过行动说话.
34	No global institution is able to stop these supremely violent activities we've been seeing	没有任何全球性机构能够阻止这些极端暴力的活动
35	recently from February last year and from October this year, nor is any powerful military	最近从去年2月到今年10月,没有任何强大的军事力量
36	nation willing to stop its arms supplies.	国家愿意停止其武器供应。
37	Indeed, what we face in the post-COVID depredations is that arms stocks have sharply risen in	事实上,我们面对的是在后《公约》的掠夺中,武器库存急剧上升。
38	value.	数值。
39	The descent into the anti-diluvian notion of an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth	以眼换眼 以牙换牙
40	cannot fester amongst and divide us from that innate desire to be at peace with ourselves	无法在彼此之间衰弱 无法将我们从内心的渴望中分裂出来
41	and with one another, creating a better and safer world for our loved ones and those we	我们的爱人和我们
42	care about.	关心。
43	Bombs, bullets and bigotry can never replace justice, tolerance and inclusivity in our	炸弹、子弹和偏见永远无法取代正义、容忍和包容
44	fractured yet shared world.	分裂但共享的世界。
45	Over 2,500 years ago, the Greek writer Aeschylus stated in war, truth is the first casualty,	2500多年前,希腊作家艾希勒斯在战争中说,真理是第一个牺牲者,
46	the ricochet of blame, the untruths, the abject lack of appropriate leadership, indeed mindless	指责的旋律,不真实的, 缺乏适当的领导, 实际上是愚蠢的
47	leadership, mediocre leadership, cannot rise above centuries old and more recent disputes	领导才能,平庸的领导才能,不能超越几个世纪以前和最近发生的争端;
48	and display the needed statesmanship, instead they foment further human destruction and	并表现出必要的政治家风度,相反,它们进一步造成人类的毁灭,
49	habitat.	栖息地 栖息地
50	We need a safer world away from the current miasma and myopia where violence and war become	我们需要一个更加安全的世界,远离目前的忧郁症和近视症,暴力和战争将变成
51	the first instead of the last resort.	首先而不是最后的手段。
52	Those of us who have lived through the worst of repression, apartheid oppression, rightly	我们中那些经历了最恶劣的压迫、种族隔离压迫的人,是理所当然的。
53	defined by the United Nations as a crime against humanity, are horrified from the graphic scenes	被联合国界定为危害人类罪,从画面上惊骇
54	we witness live in all media formats.	我们以各种媒体形式见证生活。
55	Yet nothing that we have experienced in the worst apartheid brutality and killing has prepared	然而,在最严重的种族隔离暴行和杀戮中,我们所经历的却毫无准备。
56	us for the sheer murderous intent that we are vicariously experiencing.	因为我们所经历的凶残意图
57	Imagine our children watching that distantly.	想象一下我们的孩子在远处看。
58	Trauma of war is bad enough when you are experiencing it directly.	战争的创伤已经足够糟糕了 当你直接经历它。
59	What about those who are experiencing it and are affected by it and honourable members	经历和受其影响的人和尊贵的成员,怎么办?
60	and their families, especially their young ones, still see that?	和他们的家庭, 特别是他们的年轻人, 仍然看到吗?
61	For what it's worth, while the gross human rights violations were occurring during apartheid,	在种族隔离期间发生的严重侵犯人权事件
62	many of our torturers were terrified of, will you not do to us what we have done unto you	我们许多拷问者都害怕, 难道你们不对我们做我们对你做过的事吗?
63	for all these years?	这么多年?
64	And we haven't.	而我们没有。
65	Indeed, we've turned on ourselves in a remarkable way of corruption.	确实,我们以惊人的腐败方式自首。
66	This seemed to undergird their naked hostility to those of us who stood on the side of social	这似乎加深了他们对站在社会一边的人的赤裸裸的敌意。
67	justice, equality and the quest to claim our true humanity.	正义、平等和寻求要求我们真正的人性。
68	Those who have actually experienced unbridled oppression, flagrant exploitation and the	那些实际上遭受过无节制压迫、公然剥削和
69	{\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}我们被非人化的极端企图 {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}从不屈服于原始的和原始的血污 {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}我从不
70	of vengeance and retribution, which is not theirs, but it says biblically, is mine.	复仇和报复,这不是他们的, 但它说圣经,是我的。
71	I will repay, saith the Lord, versions of which are replete in the Bible, from ancient	上帝说,我会报答那些 圣经中充满的版本 从古老的
72	Hebrew to later versions.	希伯来语到后来的版本.
73	Amongst the commandments are the injunctions, thou shalt not kill and thou shalt not steal,	戒律中包括禁令,你不得杀人,也不得偷盗,
74	while the name of the Lord, thy God, continues to be taken in vain in sheer unbridled hate	当主的名号,你的神, 继续被白白地夺走时, 完全无情的仇恨
75	and human decimation.	和人类的毁灭。
76	We have to be at pains when these things happen all around us.	当这些事情发生在我们周围时,我们必须痛苦。
77	Therefore, Madam President, Honourable Members, we cannot justify war and violence.	因此,主席女士,尊敬的会员国,我们不能为战争和暴力辩护。
78	It's the refuge of those who don't allow the power of their minds to overcome their	是诸众生不令其智力胜解者.
79	circumstances.	环境。
80	We cannot justify that humanity, inhumanity, just as we cannot justify murder, rape or	我们不能为这种人道、不人道的行为辩解,正如我们不能为谋杀、强奸或
81	other forms of human destruction and defining ourselves in that process.	以其他方式破坏人类,并界定我们在此过程中的地位。
82	Can we ever make it better for victims of the Holocaust?	我们能为大屠杀的受害者做得更好吗?
83	Can we make it better for the victims of genocide in Rwanda, Palestine or anywhere else?	我们能否更好地帮助卢旺达、巴勒斯坦或其他任何地方的种族灭绝受害者?
84	However, we can be beacons of hope, peace and prevent gratuitous violence.	然而,我们可以成为希望、和平和防止无端暴力的灯塔。
85	We can use our scientific and applied knowledge to inform leaders to avoid war and its evident	我们可以利用我们的科学和应用知识 告诉领导人避免战争及其明显的
86	brutalities, which always cause profound dislocation of all types and for which there are no excuses.	野蛮行径,总是造成各种类型的严重混乱,没有任何借口。
87	How do we protect our children when these kinds of things happen?	发生这种事时,我们如何保护我们的孩子?
88	It is about time for all of us to have open conversations about our beliefs rather than	是时候让我们所有人公开谈论我们的信仰了
89	relying on base instincts.	依靠基础本能
90	I thank you.	谢谢

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P6 · 深度交锋！牛津大学经典英辩全集｜暴力抗议到底算不算合法政治手段 p06 Ashlyn Cheong argues that use of violence makes the oppressed no better than the (P6)

深度交锋！牛津大学经典英辩全集｜暴力抗议到底算不算合法政治手段 p06 Ashlyn Cheong argues that use of violence makes the oppressed no better than the (P6)

发布于 2026-07-21 · 时长 8:37

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:05	Thank you, Madam President, for giving me the privilege to speak in this debate.	主席女士,感谢你让我有幸在这次辩论中发言。
0:09	It is such an honour and I hope that I do it justice.	这是一种荣誉,我希望我这样做是正义的。
0:13	To anyone watching from Singapore, you are all in my heart and I am proud to represent you here today.	今天,我自豪地在这里代表你们。
0:21	Being here right now is such a dream come true and I stand on the shoulders of giants.	现在在这里 梦想成真 我站在巨人的肩上
0:27	Gandhi said, I object to violence because when it appears to do good,	甘地说,我反对暴力 因为当它看起来好,
0:32	the good is only temporary and the evil it does is permanent.	善只是暂时的 它的邪恶是永久的
0:37	When you begin to view violence as necessary to your cause, so will the other side.	当你开始视暴力为事业的必要时,另一方也会如此.
0:43	The increasing justifications for violence is a harmful race to the bottom,	暴力的理由越来越多是有害的,
0:48	with both sides arming themselves with the capacity and willingness to inflict harm.	双方以伤害的能力和意愿武装自己。
0:53	The effects are simple yet lethal.	效果简单但致命

展开字幕全文（101 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	Thank you, Madam President, for giving me the privilege to speak in this debate.	主席女士,感谢你让我有幸在这次辩论中发言。
2	It is such an honour and I hope that I do it justice.	这是一种荣誉,我希望我这样做是正义的。
3	To anyone watching from Singapore, you are all in my heart and I am proud to represent you here today.	今天,我自豪地在这里代表你们。
4	Being here right now is such a dream come true and I stand on the shoulders of giants.	现在在这里 梦想成真 我站在巨人的肩上
5	Gandhi said, I object to violence because when it appears to do good,	甘地说,我反对暴力 因为当它看起来好,
6	the good is only temporary and the evil it does is permanent.	善只是暂时的 它的邪恶是永久的
7	When you begin to view violence as necessary to your cause, so will the other side.	当你开始视暴力为事业的必要时,另一方也会如此.
8	The increasing justifications for violence is a harmful race to the bottom,	暴力的理由越来越多是有害的,
9	with both sides arming themselves with the capacity and willingness to inflict harm.	双方以伤害的能力和意愿武装自己。
10	The effects are simple yet lethal.	效果简单但致命
11	An increase in brutality, lives lost and bloodshed, so proud to oppose.	暴行、生命损失和流血事件增加,令人骄傲地反对。
12	First argument, the principle is simply this, the end does not justify the means.	首先,原则只是这样,目的不能成为手段的理由。
13	The reason why these despotic regimes are so despised is because of their cruelty,	这些专制政权之所以如此被轻视,是因为他们的残酷,
14	their blatant disregard for human life and barbarism.	他们公然无视人的生命和野蛮行为。
15	Think of the kidnapping and forced disappearances of activists in Latin America,	想想拉丁美洲的活动分子被绑架和强迫失踪,
16	the arbitrary imprisonment and torture of the opposition in Gaddafi's regime	对卡扎菲政权反对派的任意监禁和酷刑
17	and the military in Myanmar who has gunned down innocent protesters.	以及缅甸军队,他们枪杀了无辜的抗议者。
18	The human conscience revolts against any state who treats its civilians so flippantly,	人类的良心反抗任何如此粗暴对待其平民的国家,
19	making the irreversible decision to snuff out their lives at the snap of a finger.	做出不可挽回的决定 用手指刺死他们的生命
20	And most movements arise from the public outrage at the sheer injustice and violation of our human rights.	多数运动是完全不公正和侵犯我们人权的公众愤慨引起的。
21	No, thank you.	不 谢谢
22	However, at the point in which you resort to violent protests,	然而,在你诉诸暴力抗议的时候,
23	you risk becoming the monster you sought to defeat.	你冒着成为你想要打败的怪物的风险
24	Violent protests entail taking matters into your own hands, which is what the state has done,	暴力抗议需要把事情交给你自己, 国家就是这样做的,
25	as opposed to relying on the court to mete out justice, for instance.	而不是依靠法院来执法。
26	You become willing to hurt others to make a point, to use fear and intimidation as leverage.	你愿意伤害别人 以恐惧和恐吓作为筹码
27	How many businesses will you disrupt till the government listens to you?	在政府听从你之前 你会破坏多少生意?
28	How many soldiers or policemen can you hurt?	能伤害多少士兵或警察?
29	And how many places will you blow up before you are seen as a force to be reckoned with?	在你被看成一种力量之前 你会炸掉多少地方?
30	And finally, how much chaos will the state tolerate before it finally caves into your demands?	最后,国家会容忍多少混乱,直到它最终进入你的要求?
31	Destruction, death and bloodshed become the currency in which you buy political concessions from your oppressor,	毁灭、死亡和流血 成为你向压迫者购买政治让步的货币
32	using brute force to compel them to listen to you.	用野蛮的武力迫使他们听你的
33	In the end, all the people hurt along the way, the lives wrecked and the property destroyed	最后,所有的人 伤害沿途, 生命被破坏,财产被摧毁
34	are simply reduced to a necessary cost for your cause.	只是为了你的事业而降低成本
35	And even if the proposition can justify that they are doing it for the greater good,	即使这个提议可以证明他们这样做是为了更大的利益,
36	the burning question that remains is this.	剩下的问题就是这个
37	Who gave you the right to make those judgement calls,	他给了你这些判决的权利,
38	to decide who can or cannot be written off as a necessary expense in the grand scheme of things?	确定哪些人可以或不能被注销作为大计划的必要开支?
39	The answer is simple.	答案很简单。
40	It is no one.	这不是任何人。
41	Once you start making those judgement calls, you are making the very similar decisions that your oppressor once made,	一旦你开始做出这些判决 你就会做出你压迫者曾经做出过的非常相似的决定
42	who rationalises the very same trade-offs in the name of national no-unity or law and order.	他们以国家无团结或法律和秩序的名义,使同样的权衡合理化。
43	The point of my argument is this.	我的论点是这一点。
44	Victory tainted with blood will always taste sour.	被血液沾染的胜利总是会酸味的
45	Fiery victories are not victories at all.	火力胜利根本不是胜利
46	Your movement would have sacrificed its noble ideals of justice, of human rights and change	你的运动会牺牲正义、人权和变革的崇高理想
47	and instead leave in its wake a trail of destruction.	然后留下一条毁灭的痕迹。
48	You would have lost the moral high ground that you once had	你会失去你曾经的道德高地
49	and your criticisms of your oppressor would have far less credibility	而你们对压迫者的批评 却远没有那么可信
50	because you can be accused of resorting to very similar means.	因为你可以被指责 诉诸非常相似的手段。
51	The main argument that we get from the proposition is that without the violence, there will be no change.	我们从提案中获得的主要论点是,没有暴力,就不会有变化。
52	But here's the trade-off that I am willing to make and that I hope you will be to tonight.	但这里的权衡 我愿意做, 我希望你今晚。
53	The preservation of clean hands untainted with blood for change that comes a little slower.	保存干净的手 不沾有鲜血来改变, 来得慢一点。
54	If not, you'll be dealing with two monsters instead of one.	否则,你会对付两个怪物而不是一个。
55	Second argument.	第二辩才.
56	Practically, violent protest only hurts the movement.	实际上,暴力抗议只会伤害运动。
57	When a movement gains traction, it challenges the powers that be and they start to feel antsy.	当运动得到牵引力时,它会挑战那些力量 并且它们开始感到焦虑。
58	Will they survive this wave of popular uprising or will they be finally unseated from their echelons of power?	他们能从这场民众起义中幸存下来吗? 还是他们最终能脱离权力阶层?
59	You start to pose a credible threat to them and this provokes them to search for ways	你开始对他们构成可信的威胁 这激起他们寻找方法
60	that sabotage the movement and bring it down.	破坏运动 并把它降下来。
61	They are scared and they are aching to bring out the might of the military against you,	他们害怕,他们渴望 拿出军队的力量反对你,
62	which is clearly under their control to stamp out your movement.	这显然在他们控制之下 来阻止你的行动
63	However, by remaining peaceful, you create hurdles to their use of brute force.	然而,通过保持和平,你为他们使用野蛮武力制造障碍。
64	They face the risk of international backlash from firing on innocent protesters,	他们面临向无辜抗议者开火的国际反弹的风险,
65	which is why the Tiananmen Square protests remain etched in the minds of so many as a symbol of state brutality.	因此,天安门广场的抗议活动仍然刻在许多人的脑海里,作为国家残暴的象征。
66	However, once protests turn violent, the state gained the one thing that they have been searching for.	然而,一旦抗议演变为暴力,国家就获得了他们一直在寻找的一件事。
67	A pretext.	一个借口。
68	Violent protests have been used by incumbents as justifications to bring in brute force,	暴力抗议被现任者用作实施残暴武力的理由,
69	to arm the police with riot gear, tear gas and rubber bullets under the pretext of public order and security.	以公共秩序和安全为借口,向警察提供防暴装备、催泪瓦斯和橡皮子弹。
70	And this allows them to use brute force to clash with the protesters who lack the fire power to protect themselves.	这使得他们能够使用野蛮的武力与缺乏消防力量来保护自己的抗议者发生冲突.
71	The impact of this is detrimental.	其影响是有害的。
72	More people hurt and more lives are lost.	更多的人受伤,更多的人丧生。
73	A case in point would be the British brutal response to the Mao Mao rebellion in Kenya,	一个典型的例子就是英国对肯尼亚毛毛叛乱的野蛮反应,
74	where the British launched a counter-insurgency campaign against the rebellion for independence.	在那里,英国发动了反叛乱运动,反对叛乱争取独立.
75	The use of torture, detention without trial and forced relocations were used on communities associated with this independence movement,	与这一独立运动有关的社区使用酷刑、未经审判的拘留和强迫迁移,
76	scarring them for generations to come.	伤害他们世代相传。
77	My plea to you is this.	我恳求你们
78	The state has all of the brute force on their side and they would not hesitate to use it against you.	国家有所有野蛮的力量 在他们一边 他们会毫不犹豫地用它来对付你。
79	Don't let them.	不要让他们。
80	Next.	下一个
81	Violence oils the wheels of state propaganda machine, giving them further ammunition to attack your campaign.	暴力给国家宣传机器的轮子抹上油 给他们更多的弹药来攻击你的竞选
82	Notably, this is not just a fight with bullets, but it is a war to win the hearts and minds of people.	值得注意的是,这不仅仅是一场用子弹进行的战斗,而是一场赢得人心的战争。
83	And in this case, public support is a key path to victory for your movement.	而在这种情况下,公众的支持是你们运动胜利的关键道路.
84	But violent protests give states the opportunity to paint the movement in such a bad light.	但暴力抗议给各州一个机会,
85	State-controlled media outlets in China used footage of the protesters clashing with the police in Hong Kong	中国国家控制的媒体使用在香港与警方发生冲突的抗议者的镜头
86	to spread a narrative that these protesters were hooligans and deserved to be punished,	这些抗议者是流氓,
87	rather than the valiant defenders of democracy that they were.	而不是他们曾经是民主的英勇捍卫者。
88	Now, not only will your movement have to deal with the authorities,	现在,不仅你的运动 要与当局打交道,
89	but also the public backlash from the chaos that you are supposedly causing.	还有公众对你所谓的混乱的反弹
90	This makes people less likely to support your movement, costing you potential supporters.	这使得人们更不可能支持你的运动,使你失去潜在的支持者.
91	Crucially, this is counterproductive to you because you lose the critical mass you need for any change to happen.	关键是,这对你适得其反,因为你失去了任何改变所需的临界质量。
92	Violent protests puts the ball back into the courts of the oppressors and gives the empire a chance to strike back.	暴力抗议使球回到压迫者的法庭上,给帝国一个反击的机会.
93	Please don't give the incumbents exactly what they want,	请不要给现任者 他们想要的,
94	a chance to tear you down either in terms of military action or negative media portrayals.	无论是军事行动还是媒体的负面形象 都会把你打垮
95	To echo Martin Luther King Jr., darkness cannot drive out darkness, only light can do that.	与马丁·路德·金(Martin Luther King Jr.)相呼应的是,黑暗不能驱散黑暗,只有光明才能做到这一点.
96	In fighting a monster, one must not become another monster.	在与怪物作战时,不能成为另一个怪物.
97	In seeking to right a wrong, we must not perpetuate or replicate those wrongs.	为了纠正错误,我们决不能使这些错误永久化或重复。
98	Otherwise, when all is said and done, when you look back into the mirror,	否则,当一切都说完了,当你回头看镜子时,
99	you may well see that the prey has morphed into the predator.	你可能会看到猎物已经变成掠食者
100	If we are fighting for peace, let us fight with peace.	如果我们为和平而斗争,让我们和平地战斗。
101	Very proud to oppose.	非常自豪地反对。

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