华裔生物学家袁云英归国引争议：顶尖人才回流为何激起舆论风暴｜
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:00 | Welcome to today's Deep Dive. | 欢迎来到今天的深潜 |
| 0:01 | So, imagine your country invites its best minds back home. | 所以,想象一下,你的国家邀请它最好的头脑回家。 |
| 0:05 | You would expect a big celebration, right? | 你会期待一个大的庆祝,对不对? |
| 0:07 | Yeah, exactly. | 没错 |
| 0:08 | You expect a party. | 你期待一个聚会。 |
| 0:10 | But what if it causes huge anger instead? | 但是,如果它引起巨大的愤怒呢? |
| 0:13 | Right. | 对 |
| 0:13 | It is a very surprising reaction. | 这是一个非常令人惊讶的反应。 |
| 0:15 | It really is. | 没错 |
| 0:16 | Today, we are looking at a fierce debate in China. | 今天,我们正在中国看到一场激烈的辩论。 |
展开字幕全文（277 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Welcome to today's Deep Dive. | 欢迎来到今天的深潜 |
| 2 | So, imagine your country invites its best minds back home. | 所以,想象一下,你的国家邀请它最好的头脑回家。 |
| 3 | You would expect a big celebration, right? | 你会期待一个大的庆祝,对不对? |
| 4 | Yeah, exactly. | 没错 |
| 5 | You expect a party. | 你期待一个聚会。 |
| 6 | But what if it causes huge anger instead? | 但是,如果它引起巨大的愤怒呢? |
| 7 | Right. | 对 |
| 8 | It is a very surprising reaction. | 这是一个非常令人惊讶的反应。 |
| 9 | It really is. | 没错 |
| 10 | Today, we are looking at a fierce debate in China. | 今天,我们正在中国看到一场激烈的辩论。 |
| 11 | We are exploring reports about famous scientists returning home. | 我们正在探索有关著名科学家回国的报告。 |
| 12 | And our goal is to understand a big question. | 我们的目标是理解一个大问题。 |
| 13 | Why are people so upset when these experts come back? | 当这些专家回来的时候,人们为什么这么不高兴? |
| 14 | Right. | 对 |
| 15 | So, let's start with the person at the center of this storm. | 因此,让我们从这场风暴的中心人物开始. |
| 16 | We need to know who she is. | 我们需要知道她是谁。 |
| 17 | Good idea. | 不错 |
| 18 | Her name is Yuan Yunying. | 她的名字叫袁云英("袁云英"). |
| 19 | She is a famous Chinese-American biologist. | 她是美国华裔著名生物学家. |
| 20 | Okay, a biologist. | 好吧,一个生物学家。 |
| 21 | Okay. | 摆 |
| 22 | What does she study? | 她学习什么? |
| 23 | She studies cell death. | 她研究细胞死亡 |
| 24 | Cell death. | 细胞死亡。 |
| 25 | Wow, that sounds like a bit scary. | 哇,听起来有点吓人 |
| 26 | I know it sounds dramatic. | 我知道这听起来很戏剧性 |
| 27 | But let me explain it simply. | 但让我简单解释一下。 |
| 28 | It just means | 就是说 |
| 29 | how the body naturally kills and removes old cells. | 身体如何自然地杀死和清除旧细胞. |
| 30 | Oh, I see. | 原来如此 |
| 31 | Or maybe damaged cells. | 也可能是细胞受损 |
| 32 | Exactly. | 没错 |
| 33 | Your body has to clean out the bad cells. | 你的身体必须清除坏细胞。 |
| 34 | It keeps you healthy. | 它让你健康。 |
| 35 | Right. | 对 |
| 36 | So, her work is very important. | 因此,她的工作非常重要. |
| 37 | It really is. | 没错 |
| 38 | And she has a long history. | 她历史悠久 |
| 39 | She was born in Shanghai in 1958. | 1958年,她出生于上海. |
| 40 | Okay. | 摆 |
| 41 | And she was always brilliant. | 她总是很聪明 |
| 42 | In 1977, she was a top student. | 1977年,她成为顶尖学生. |
| 43 | Which was a very big deal back then. | 这在当时是件大事 |
| 44 | Huge. | 巨大的。 |
| 45 | Then, in the 1980s, she went to Harvard. | 后在1980年代就读于哈佛大学. |
| 46 | Oh, wow. | 哦,哇呜。 |
| 47 | Harvard. | 哈佛大学. |
| 48 | And at Harvard, she helped discover the first genes that control cell death. | 在哈佛,她帮助发现了第一个控制细胞死亡的基因. |
| 49 | So, she is a true pioneer. | 所以,她是一个真正的先驱。 |
| 50 | She is a top-tier scientist. | 她是顶级科学家 |
| 51 | So, recently, she won a major science prize back in Shanghai. | 最近,她又在上海获得了一个重大科学奖. |
| 52 | Which sounds like a happy moment. | 这听起来像一个快乐的时刻。 |
| 53 | It should have been. | 应该是的 |
| 54 | But at the event, she had to defend her U.S. passport. | 但在这次活动中,她不得不为她的美国护照辩护. |
| 55 | Wait, really? | 等等,真的吗? |
| 56 | Yeah. | 对 |
| 57 | People were upset about her passport? | 人们因为她的护照而生气? |
| 58 | Yeah. | 对 |
| 59 | They were questioning her loyalty. | 他们在质疑她的忠诚 |
| 60 | So, she said, | 她说, |
| 61 | I've always said my blood is Chinese blood. | 我一直说我的血是中国血 |
| 62 | Oh, okay. | 哦,还好。 |
| 63 | She explained her U.S. passport was just for practical reasons, you know, for travel and work. | 她解释她的美国护照 只是为了旅行和工作 |
| 64 | Right. | 对 |
| 65 | She said she did not just want to be American. | 她说她不想成为美国人 |
| 66 | I mean, that makes sense. | 我的意思是,这是有意义的。 |
| 67 | It's like a local sports hero. | 如当地体育英雄. |
| 68 | How do you mean? | 你说什么? |
| 69 | Like, imagine a player who plays for a rival city. | 像,想象一个玩家谁玩 一个竞争的城市。 |
| 70 | But they still claim they love their hometown. | 但他们仍然声称自己热爱家乡. |
| 71 | They say the rival jersey is just a job. | 他们说对手的球衣只是一份工作 |
| 72 | Yeah. | 对 |
| 73 | That is a great way to look at it. | 这是一个伟大的方法来看待它。 |
| 74 | But did her words actually calm the public down? | 但是她的话真的让公众平静下来了吗? |
| 75 | No. | 没有 |
| 76 | Not at all, actually. | 其实一点也不 |
| 77 | It sparked a huge online firestorm. | 它引发了一场巨大的网络火灾。 |
| 78 | Wow. | 珃 |
| 79 | Over a passport comment. | 在护照评论。 |
| 80 | Well, the comment just set things off. | 好吧,评论只是触发了事情。 |
| 81 | I need to state this clearly for you listening. | 我要说清楚,让你听清楚 |
| 82 | We are just reporting these views. | 我们只是报告这些看法。 |
| 83 | We are not agreeing with them. | 我们不同意他们的意见。 |
| 84 | Right. | 对 |
| 85 | Very important point. | 非常重要的观点。 |
| 86 | So, there is a famous internet commentator named Jiang Ligang. | 因此,有一个著名的互联网评论家,名叫江丽刚. |
| 87 | Okay. | 摆 |
| 88 | He attacked Yuan online because he was very harsh. | 他因为十分苛刻,在网上攻击袁世凯. |
| 89 | What did he say? | 他说什么? |
| 90 | He called her an ordinary retired old lady. | 他称她为普通的退休老太太. |
| 91 | Wait, what? | 等等,什麽? |
| 92 | An ordinary old lady? | 一个普通的老太太? |
| 93 | She discovered genes. | 她发现了基因。 |
| 94 | I know. | 我知道,我记得 |
| 95 | It ignores her whole career. | 这忽视了她整个职业生涯. |
| 96 | But he also claimed she only came back to grab research money. | 但他也声称她只是回来抢研究钱. |
| 97 | Ah, so it is about money. | 啊,所以这是关于钱。 |
| 98 | Yes. | 对 |
| 99 | He said that money was meant for young people. | 他说钱是给年轻人的 |
| 100 | That is a heavy accusation. | 这是一个严重的指控。 |
| 101 | It gets worse. | 情况越来越糟了 |
| 102 | He accused her of cheating the country. | 他指责她欺骗国家. |
| 103 | Cheating? | 骗人? |
| 104 | How did she cheat the country? | 她是如何欺骗国家的? |
| 105 | It goes back to the 1980s. | 追溯到1980年代. |
| 106 | There was a Chinese state program called CUSBIA. | 曾有中国国家节目"CUSBIA". |
| 107 | CUSBIA (英语). | |
| 108 | Yeah. | 对 |
| 109 | Okay. | 摆 |
| 110 | What did that do? | 这有什么用? |
| 111 | The government used it to send top students to America, like Harvard. | 政府利用它向美国派遣顶尖学生,比如哈佛大学. |
| 112 | Oh, I see. | 原来如此 |
| 113 | So the country paid for her to go. | 所以国家花钱让她走 |
| 114 | Exactly. | 没错 |
| 115 | And people expected those students to return. | 人们期望这些学生会回来。 |
| 116 | But, you know, she stayed in the US. | 但是,你知道,她留在美国。 |
| 117 | Right. | 对 |
| 118 | She built her career in America instead. | 她在美国建立了事业 |
| 119 | Yes. | 对 |
| 120 | So some people feel she took China's money and gave her best years to America. | 所以有些人觉得她拿了中国的钱,把最好的岁月给了美国. |
| 121 | I am really surprised by this harsh reaction. | 我真的很惊讶 这种严酷的反应。 |
| 122 | Let me push back on this a bit. | 让我推后一点。 |
| 123 | Sure. | 当然 |
| 124 | Is this extreme anger really just about a passport or an old study program? | 是因为护照还是旧的学习计划? |
| 125 | You are right to question that. | 你问的对 |
| 126 | I mean, it has to be about something bigger. | 我的意思是,它必须是 关于更大的东西。 |
| 127 | Is it really about the money? | 真的是为了钱吗? |
| 128 | Yes. | 对 |
| 129 | The anger is not just about one person. | 愤怒不只是一个人 |
| 130 | It is about a broken system and a lack of resources. | 它涉及一个崩溃的体系和缺乏资源。 |
| 131 | Okay. | 摆 |
| 132 | Tell me more about that. | 告诉我更多关于这一点。 |
| 133 | A cell biologist named Zeng Hong explained the money problem clearly. | 细胞生物学家曾宏明确解释了钱的问题. |
| 134 | What did he say? | 他说什么? |
| 135 | Well, when famous scientists return home, they get huge grants very fast. | 当著名的科学家们回家后, 他们得到的巨额赠款很快。 |
| 136 | Huge grants? | 巨额赠款? |
| 137 | Yeah. | 对 |
| 138 | Like how much? | 多少钱? |
| 139 | We are talking tens of millions of yuan. | 我们说的是几千万人民币。 |
| 140 | Oh, wow. | 哦,哇呜。 |
| 141 | That is a massive amount of money. | 这是一大笔钱。 |
| 142 | It is. | 没错 |
| 143 | And they get it almost instantly. | 他们几乎立刻得到它。 |
| 144 | So what happens to the young scientists, the ones who trained in China? | 年轻科学家,在中国训练的科学家,会怎样呢? |
| 145 | That is the problem. | 这就是问题所在。 |
| 146 | They struggle to get any money for their original work. | 他们拼命地为自己的原作获得任何金钱. |
| 147 | Nothing at all. | 什么都没有。 |
| 148 | Very little. | 甚处来. |
| 149 | They fight for tiny amounts of funding. | 他们争着争取微小的资金。 |
| 150 | Man, that sounds so frustrating. | 伙计,这听起来太令人沮丧了。 |
| 151 | It is. | 没错 |
| 152 | A recent PhD graduate shared another big problem, too. | 最近一位博士生也有另一个大问题。 |
| 153 | Let me guess. | 让我猜猜 |
| 154 | Promotions? | 晋升? |
| 155 | Exactly. | 没错 |
| 156 | Top jobs at universities are very rare. | 大学的顶尖职位非常罕见. |
| 157 | Right. | 对 |
| 158 | There are only so many boss positions. | 只有这么多老板的职位。 |
| 159 | And when a big-name star from another country arrives, they become the boss. | 而当来自他国的大名星来到时,他们成为了老大. |
| 160 | So they take the top spot. | 因此,他们占据了顶点。 |
| 161 | Yes. | 对 |
| 162 | And then careers just stall. | 然后,事业只是拖延。 |
| 163 | The people in the middle cannot move up. | 中间人不能向上移动. |
| 164 | Because the top spot is filled by the returning star. | 因为顶点被返回的恒星填充. |
| 165 | Right. | 对 |
| 166 | And because the middle people cannot move up. | 也因为中间的人不能向上移动. |
| 167 | The hundreds of junior teachers below them cannot move up either. | 下方的数百名初级教师也不能升迁。 |
| 168 | Exactly. | 没错 |
| 169 | Everyone is stuck. | 每个人都卡住了。 |
| 170 | That is so relatable. | 这太令人高兴了。 |
| 171 | It is like working hard for a promotion at your job, | 这就像努力工作 升职, |
| 172 | but the company keeps hiring famous managers from outside. | 但是公司一直从外面雇用名人经理 |
| 173 | You are just stuck at the bottom forever. | 你永远被困在底部 |
| 174 | That is exactly how these young scientists feel. | 这正是这些年轻的科学家的感受。 |
| 175 | But wait, does anyone defend these returning stars or is everyone against them? | 但是,等等,有人捍卫这些返回的星星 还是每个人都反对它们? |
| 176 | No. | 没有 |
| 177 | Many top experts strongly defend Yuan. | 许多顶尖专家极力为袁作辩护. |
| 178 | They argue she is not the problem. | 他们认为她不是问题所在 |
| 179 | Oh, really? | 是吗? |
| 180 | Who is defending her? | 谁在为她辩护? |
| 181 | For example, Rao Yi. | 譬如饶益. |
| 182 | He's a famous brain scientist at Peking University. | 他是北京大学著名的脑科学家. |
| 183 | Okay. | 摆 |
| 184 | And what did he say? | 他说什么? |
| 185 | He defended Yuan completely. | 他完全为袁辩护. |
| 186 | He said China should welcome all good people. | 他说中国应该欢迎所有好人. |
| 187 | Which makes sense. | 这有道理。 |
| 188 | You want smart people in your country. | 你想在自己的国家里找聪明人 |
| 189 | Right. | 对 |
| 190 | He said Yuan's science is top tier and her honesty is top tier. | 他说袁学是顶级的,她的诚实是顶级的. |
| 191 | So he thinks the attacks are unfair. | 所以他认为攻击是不公平的 |
| 192 | Very unfair. | 太不公平了,我... ... . |
| 193 | He actually called the attackers narrow-minded. | 他实际上称攻击者思想狭隘. |
| 194 | Oh, wow. | 哦,哇呜。 |
| 195 | He did not hold back. | 他没有退缩。 |
| 196 | No, he did not. | 不,他没有。 |
| 197 | And he is not the only one. | 不止他一个人 |
| 198 | Hu Xijin also defended her. | 胡希真也为她辩护. |
| 199 | Who's that? | 那是谁? |
| 200 | He's a former newspaper editor, very famous for his opinions. | 他是前报纸编辑,因意见而非常出名. |
| 201 | And did he agree with the brain scientist? | 他同意大脑科学家的意见吗? |
| 202 | He did. | 没错 |
| 203 | He called the online attacks vicious. | 他称网络攻击是邪恶的。 |
| 204 | Vicious? | 邪恶? |
| 205 | So he is firmly on her side. | 因此,他坚定地站在她一边。 |
| 206 | Yes. | 对 |
| 207 | But he also said the system itself needs to change. | 但他也说系统本身需要改变. |
| 208 | Meaning the government. | 意味着政府。 |
| 209 | Exactly. | 没错 |
| 210 | He said the government should fix how it funds young people. | 他说政府应该解决如何资助年轻人的问题. |
| 211 | Right. | 对 |
| 212 | Fix the rules. | 修诸法门. |
| 213 | Don't attack the player. | 不要攻击玩家。 |
| 214 | Precisely. | 没错 |
| 215 | They should support the youth, not attack Yuan. | 他们应该支持青年,而不是攻击袁. |
| 216 | That makes a lot of sense. | 这有很多道理。 |
| 217 | So why did Yuan actually return? | 那么,为什么袁真回来? |
| 218 | That is a very interesting question. | 这是一个非常有趣的问题。 |
| 219 | Did she ever explain her reasons? | 她解释过她的理由吗? |
| 220 | She did. | 没错 |
| 221 | Okay. | 摆 |
| 222 | She did a TV interview recently. | 她最近做了一个电视采访。 |
| 223 | Okay. | 摆 |
| 224 | She said she hit a glass ceiling in the US. | 她说她在美国撞到了玻璃天花板 |
| 225 | A glass ceiling. | 一个玻璃天花板。 |
| 226 | Let me explain that term really quickly. | 让我解释一下这个术语。 |
| 227 | Go ahead. | 来吧。 |
| 228 | A glass ceiling is an invisible barrier. | 玻璃天花板是无形的屏障. |
| 229 | It stops someone from moving higher in their career. | 这阻止了某人在事业中升迁. |
| 230 | You can see the top, but you cannot reach it. | 你可以看到顶部,但你无法到达。 |
| 231 | That is a perfect explanation. | 这是一个完美的解释。 |
| 232 | So she felt stuck in America. | 所以她觉得卡在美国。 |
| 233 | But she was already so famous. | 但她已经这么出名了 |
| 234 | True, but she wanted to work with organic chemists. | 没错 但她想和有机化学家合作 |
| 235 | Oh, she wanted to expand her research into a new area. | 她想把她的研究扩展到一个新的领域 |
| 236 | Yes. | 对 |
| 237 | She needed a new type of team. | 她需要一个新型的团队。 |
| 238 | And returning to China gave her more room to do that work. | 回到中国后,她有更多的空间去做这项工作。 |
| 239 | It gave her the space and the money. | 给她空间和钱 |
| 240 | Exactly. | 没错 |
| 241 | She went where she could grow. | 她去了她能成长的地方 |
| 242 | Well, okay, that is a fascinating contradiction. | 好吧,好吧,这是一个令人着迷的矛盾。 |
| 243 | What do you mean? | 你说什么? |
| 244 | Well, Yuan hit a barrier in the US, right? | 袁在美国遇到障碍 对吧? |
| 245 | Right. | 对 |
| 246 | So she moved to China to grow and escape that barrier. | 于是她搬到中国长大并逃离了那个障碍. |
| 247 | Yes. | 对 |
| 248 | But by doing that, she took the top job and the money. | 但是,通过这样做,她承担了最高的工作和金钱. |
| 249 | So her move created a new barrier for young scientists there. | 她的举动为那里的年轻科学家们制造了新的障碍。 |
| 250 | Oh, wow. | 哦,哇呜。 |
| 251 | That is incredibly ironic. | 这太讽刺了 |
| 252 | She broke her own glass ceiling but built one for the next generation. | 她打破了自己的玻璃天花板,但为下一代建造了一座. |
| 253 | Exactly. | 没错 |
| 254 | It is just a huge mess. | 这只是一个巨大的混乱。 |
| 255 | It really is. | 没错 |
| 256 | And it's a very complex debate over returning scientists. | 而对于回归的科学家来说,这是一个非常复杂的争论. |
| 257 | Right. | 对 |
| 258 | Today, we looked at this top biologist's return. | 今天,我们审视了这位顶尖生物学家的回归。 |
| 259 | And we saw the harsh public anger she faced. | 我们看到她面对的严酷的公众愤怒。 |
| 260 | But we also uncovered the real issue under the anger. | 但我们在愤怒之下也发现了真正的问题。 |
| 261 | Young researchers are fighting for money and jobs in a crowded system. | 年轻研究人员在拥挤的体系中为金钱和工作而斗争. |
| 262 | Yes. | 对 |
| 263 | So why does this matter to you, listening? | 那这关你什么事,听着? |
| 264 | It shows a tough global challenge. | 它显示了严峻的全球挑战。 |
| 265 | Every country wants top experts. | 每个国家都需要顶尖专家 |
| 266 | But how do we reward them without crushing the next generation? | 但是,我们如何奖励他们而不粉碎下一代呢? |
| 267 | That is the big question. | 这是一个大问题。 |
| 268 | And it leaves me with a final provocative thought for you to think about. | 这让我有最后一个 挑衅性的想法,让你思考。 |
| 269 | More than. | 超过. |
| 270 | If every country only wants to attract famous experts, what happens to the young minds? | 如果每一个国家都只想吸引著名专家,那么青年的思想会怎样呢? |
| 271 | It's a scary thought. | 心生惊怖思惟. |
| 272 | What will science look like in 20 years if today's young researchers just give up? | 如果今天的年轻研究人员放弃了 20年后科学会是什么样子? |
| 273 | If they cannot get funding, they might just leave science completely. | 如果他们得不到资金, 他们可能只是完全离开科学。 |
| 274 | Exactly. | 没错 |
| 275 | We need to support them. | 我们需要支持他们。 |
| 276 | Well, thank you for joining this deep dive. | 谢谢你加入这次深度潜水 |
| 277 | Keep learning. | 继续学习 |
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