【Oct.27】Business Today | BBC 今
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:07 | No change in Brazil as the country's left-wing president Lula de Silva holds onto power in | 由于巴西左翼总统卢拉·德席尔瓦执政, |
| 0:12 | a hotly contested election in South America's biggest economy. | 在南美洲最大的经济体中 一场激烈竞争的选举 |
| 0:16 | Oxford Street goes car and bus free, a transformation for one of London's most famous thoroughfares | 牛津街免费开行汽车和公交车 伦敦最有名的大道之一的变迁 |
| 0:22 | as it hopes to emulate the likes of Barcelona and Paris in creating a safe space for pedestrians. | 因为它希望模仿巴塞罗那和巴黎 创造行人的安全空间 |
| 0:29 | Also in the programme, a blow for billionaires, California, which has a bigger economy than the UK | 同样在这个计划中,对亿万富翁的打击, 加利福尼亚州的经济比英国大。 |
| 0:35 | and India, considers a one-off tax for the state's ultra-rich. | 和印度,考虑一次性税 该州的超富。 |
| 0:40 | It's nearly Halloween and | 快万圣节了 |
| 0:41 | we'll tell you how some farms are cashing in on the pick-your-own pumpkin craze. | 我们会告诉你一些农场如何 现金在你的南瓜狂欢。 |
| 0:49 | Welcome. | 欢迎 |
| 0:49 | You're with Business Today in London with me, Sally Bondoc. | 你和萨莉·邦多克一起在伦敦做生意 |
展开字幕全文（326 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | No change in Brazil as the country's left-wing president Lula de Silva holds onto power in | 由于巴西左翼总统卢拉·德席尔瓦执政, |
| 2 | a hotly contested election in South America's biggest economy. | 在南美洲最大的经济体中 一场激烈竞争的选举 |
| 3 | Oxford Street goes car and bus free, a transformation for one of London's most famous thoroughfares | 牛津街免费开行汽车和公交车 伦敦最有名的大道之一的变迁 |
| 4 | as it hopes to emulate the likes of Barcelona and Paris in creating a safe space for pedestrians. | 因为它希望模仿巴塞罗那和巴黎 创造行人的安全空间 |
| 5 | Also in the programme, a blow for billionaires, California, which has a bigger economy than the UK | 同样在这个计划中,对亿万富翁的打击, 加利福尼亚州的经济比英国大。 |
| 6 | and India, considers a one-off tax for the state's ultra-rich. | 和印度,考虑一次性税 该州的超富。 |
| 7 | It's nearly Halloween and | 快万圣节了 |
| 8 | we'll tell you how some farms are cashing in on the pick-your-own pumpkin craze. | 我们会告诉你一些农场如何 现金在你的南瓜狂欢。 |
| 9 | Welcome. | 欢迎 |
| 10 | You're with Business Today in London with me, Sally Bondoc. | 你和萨莉·邦多克一起在伦敦做生意 |
| 11 | So we start in Brazil, | 所以我们从巴西开始 |
| 12 | in a surprise result. | 一个惊喜的结果。 |
| 13 | Veteran left-wing president Luis Nacio Lula de Silva has been re-elected | 退伍军人左翼总统路易斯·纳西奥·卢拉·德席尔瓦连任 |
| 14 | after a bitterly fought campaign, beating his right-wing rival Flavio Bolsonaro. | 经过一场苦战的战役,击败了他的右翼对手弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗. |
| 15 | EU chief | 欧盟主任 |
| 16 | Ursula von der Leyen has hailed the re-election victory as a win for democracy and multilateralism. | 乌苏拉·冯德莱延称赞连任胜利是民主和多边主义的胜利. |
| 17 | It is Lula's fourth win in a presidential election. | 这是卢拉在总统选举中第四次获胜. |
| 18 | Bolsonaro had beaten Lula in the first round | 博尔索纳罗在第一轮击败卢拉 |
| 19 | and many had thought that it would be impossible for Lula to turn things around in just three | 很多人认为 卢拉不可能在三分钟之内 扭转局面 |
| 20 | weeks. | 几个星期 |
| 21 | It's big news for South America's economy. | 这是南美经济的大新闻. |
| 22 | To win voters, Lula offered a series of measures | 为了赢得选民,卢拉提出了一系列措施 |
| 23 | including debt forgiveness, financial aid for poorer students and free public transport on | 包括免除债务、向贫困学生提供财政援助和免费公共交通 |
| 24 | the weekends, whereas Bolsonaro pledged to cut public spending and lower taxes. | 而博尔索纳罗则承诺削减公共开支和降低税收。 |
| 25 | Globally, | 在全球范围内, |
| 26 | has attention for many reasons, but not least it holds the world's second largest reserves of rare | 因为很多原因,它拥有世界第二大珍稀储备 |
| 27 | earth minerals with estimates at roughly 21 million tons. | 估计约为2 100万吨的土矿。 |
| 28 | It's also the only big country | 这也是唯一的大国 |
| 29 | in South America now that is not governed by a right-wing leader, with Lula largely seen as | 在南美洲,现在不受右翼领导人的统治,Lula基本上被视为 |
| 30 | China-friendly. | 中华友好报. |
| 31 | His victory will be welcomed by the environmentalists as well, who had feared | 他的胜利也将受到环保主义者的欢迎,他们担心 |
| 32 | a win by Bolsonaro would have given Brazil's influential agribusiness and powerful mining | 博尔索纳罗的胜利 将会给巴西有影响力的 农业企业和强大的采矿业 |
| 33 | firms more power. | 公司拥有更多的权力。 |
| 34 | Jemena Blanco是首席分析师 也是美国在Verisk的研究负责人 | |
| 35 | Maplcroft和我通过这个结果。 | |
| 36 | I think, you know, Lula keeps writing history | 我想,你知道,卢拉 继续写历史 |
| 37 | in Brazil, right? | 在巴西,对不对? |
| 38 | He was able to turn around a 2.2 million vote deficit into a 4.4 million vote | 他得以扭转220万票赤字 变成440万票 |
| 39 | advantage. | 优势。 |
| 40 | He reduced, you know, absenteeism from the election. | 他减少了,你知道,缺席选举。 |
| 41 | He reduced to historic | 他降格为历史 |
| 42 | lows the level of blank voting and null voting. | 降低空白投票和无效投票的水平。 |
| 43 | So, I think clearly his mobilization ability | 所以,我清楚地认为他的动员能力 |
| 44 | remains nearly intact, but I think, you know, this is not a blank check on Lula or an endorsement | 不过我想 这不是卢拉的空白支票 也不是背书 |
| 45 | necessarily of Lula. | 一定是卢拉 |
| 46 | As you mentioned, Bolsonaro won the first round, and that was clearly a | 正如你提到的,博尔索纳罗赢得了第一轮比赛,这显然是一个 |
| 47 | message from the electorate that they were not particularly happy with the current administration. | 选民表示他们对现任政府不甚满意。 |
| 48 | And I think, you know, the result is more about people deciding not to vote for his opponent | 我想,你知道,结果更多的是 人们决定不投他的对手 |
| 49 | rather than to vote for Lula. | 而不是投卢拉的票 |
| 50 | So, I think we probably saw a lot of nose-holding yesterday | 所以,我想我们可能看到 很多的鼻子昨天 |
| 51 | as voters were casting their ballot across Brazil. | 选民们正在巴西各地投票。 |
| 52 | And also for him, his fourth presidential term, | 对他的第四个总统任期来说 |
| 53 | it won't be easy at all because a lot of the Senate is full of Flavio Bolsonaro supporters | 因为很多参议院的支持者都是弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗 |
| 54 | who will not make his life easy. | 他不会让他的生活变得轻松。 |
| 55 | To what extent will he be able to steer Brazil in the direction | 他能够在多大程度上引导巴西走向 |
| 56 | he wants? | 他想要吗? |
| 57 | Arguably, it's his weakest point historically while in office. | 可以说,这是他在任期间历史上最弱的一点. |
| 58 | So, you're | 所以,你是一个 |
| 59 | absolutely right. | 绝对正确。 |
| 60 | He's now, you know, the standard bearer of the left, but in a country that has | 他现在,你知道, 左边的标准持有人, 但是在一个国家里, |
| 61 | to go center right or far right, where the Bolsonaro family will have a significant presence | 以左右为中心 博尔索纳罗家族将有大量存在 |
| 62 | in both chambers of Congress, even if Flavio himself will be out of elected office for the | 在国会两院,即使弗拉维奥本人将退出当选的众议院。 |
| 63 | first time in 20 years. | 20年来第一次 |
| 64 | But, of course, two of his siblings, one will be in the Senate, the other one | 但是,当然,他的两个兄弟姐妹, 一个将在参议院,另一个 |
| 65 | in the lower house, and his father's wife will also be in the Senate. | 在下院,他父亲的妻子也将在参议院。 |
| 66 | So, the Bolsonaro family | 那么,波尔索纳罗家族 |
| 67 | should by no means be ruled out from the political scene, as it were. | 绝不应象过去那样,将政治舞台排除在外。 |
| 68 | And for Lula, | 对于卢拉, |
| 69 | that is a huge challenge in terms of increasing spending at a moment when Brazil is facing a | 这是一个巨大的挑战,即在巴西面临困难的时刻增加开支。 |
| 70 | potential, you know, fiscally difficult situation. | 可能,你知道, 财政困难的情况。 |
| 71 | So, we should expect to see markets move today, | 因此,我们应该期待看到 市场移动今天, |
| 72 | and we should expect to see Lula struggle to deliver on many of his promises. | 我们期待卢拉努力兑现他的许多承诺。 |
| 73 | Also, as well, the fractious relationship he has with President Trump doesn't help either. | 另外,他与川普总统的矛盾关系也无济于事. |
| 74 | He's | 琌 |
| 75 | always been pivoting more towards China. | 总是向中国倾斜 |
| 76 | How do you see this impacting the wider picture? | 你如何看待这种影响? |
| 77 | Well, I think regionally, it's interesting to watch the reaction. | 我认为,在区域范围内, 观看反应是很有趣的。 |
| 78 | Many of Bolsonaro's allies, | 博尔索纳罗的许多盟友, |
| 79 | with two notable exceptions, in South America, so Millay and de la Freya have not yet recognized | 除了两个显著的例外, 在南美洲, 因此Millay和de la Freya还没有认识到 |
| 80 | Lula or congratulated Lula for his victory. | 卢拉或祝贺卢拉的胜利. |
| 81 | Neither has the White House. | 白宫也没有 |
| 82 | So, we'll need to | 因此,我们需要 |
| 83 | see how that plays out. | 看情况如何 |
| 84 | On the China front, I think Lula has been very clear that, you know, | 在中国方面,我认为卢拉已经非常清楚,你知道, |
| 85 | he is not signing up Brazil for one camp or the other. | 他不会为一个或另一个营地报名巴西。 |
| 86 | He's willing to listen to both and to do | 他愿意听两句 也愿意听 |
| 87 | business with both. | 与两者的业务。 |
| 88 | And that is a reality, an economic reality, not only of Brazil, | 这是现实 经济现实 不仅仅是巴西 |
| 89 | but of the rest of South America, where even where political alignment with Washington is closer, | 但南美洲其他地区 即使与华盛顿的政治联系更紧密 |
| 90 | the levels of investment and infrastructural development that China has been supported | 中国支持的投资和基础设施发展水平 |
| 91 | are needed to maintain the economies on a more stable footing. | 需要保持经济更加稳定。 |
| 92 | 杰梅娜布兰科从Verisk Maplecraft那里。 | |
| 93 | Let's focus on matters closer to home now. | 现在就把注意力集中在离家更近的事情上 |
| 94 | It's a very important week for Chancellor John Healey, who is under pressure this week, of course, | 这周对约翰·希利总理来说是非常重要的, 他本周受到压力, |
| 95 | ahead of his first budget. | 领先于他的第一个预算。 |
| 96 | And it comes as inflation and government borrowing both hit | 通货膨胀和政府借贷都打响了 |
| 97 | their highest level in a year. | 他们一年来的最高水平。 |
| 98 | Healey has refused to rule out tax increases after acknowledging | 希利承认后拒绝排除加税 |
| 99 | government borrowing costs are at historic highs. | 政府借贷成本创历史新高. |
| 100 | Over the weekend, various lines dropped ahead of | 整个周末,各种线路提前落下 |
| 101 | Wednesday's budget. | 星期三的预算。 |
| 102 | So, if we talk you through some of them, if you look at the Times, it's | 所以,如果我们和你谈谈 通过其中一些, 如果你看泰晤士报,这是 |
| 103 | reporting the Chancellor will announce a 3.9% rise to the full state pension. | 报告总理将宣布将提高3.9%的全额国家养恤金。 |
| 104 | Healey is also | 希利也一样 |
| 105 | announcing a £100 million in funding for a national AI biosecurity lab to help strengthen | 宣布为国家AI生物安保实验室提供1亿英镑的资金,以帮助加强 |
| 106 | the UK's defences against emerging biological threats. | • 联合王国对新出现的生物威胁的防御。 |
| 107 | And more than £1 billion will be put | 超过10亿英镑 |
| 108 | aside for an increase in social and affordable housing in England, taking funding for the | 除了在英格兰增加社会和可负担住房之外,还为住房建设提供资金。 |
| 109 | government's 10-year homes programme past the £40 billion mark. | 政府10年的住房计划 超过400亿英镑。 |
| 110 | Plus, funding is set to double to | 此外,供资额将增加一倍至 |
| 111 | support a pledge by the Prime Minister to end rough sleeping in England by Christmas. | 支持首相承诺在圣诞节前结束在英国的粗暴睡眠. |
| 112 | We spoke to modern market strategist Laura Cooper of Nuveen to get her take on how these | 我们和Nuveen的现代市场战略家Laura Cooper谈过了 让她知道这些 |
| 113 | issues and what might be in the budget and how it could move markets. | 如何调动市场。 |
| 114 | Well, that has been the case. | 就是这样 |
| 115 | And I think it's largely because we're going to see a relatively | 我想这主要是因为我们会看到一个相对的 |
| 116 | do-no-harm budget in the sense that there's likely going to be a very modest mix of tax increases, | 不伤害预算的意义上, 可能有一个非常适度的混合 增加税收, |
| 117 | targeted cost of living, support for households, maybe some increase in capital spending. | 目标明确的生活费用、对家庭的支助,或许可以增加一些资本支出。 |
| 118 | But on the whole, this is going to be a budget that is not going to aim to attempt to undermine | 但总的来说,这将会是 预算不会试图破坏 |
| 119 | the economic recovery, not to derail business confidence and really not see a sharp market | 经济的复苏,不是要破坏商业信心,而真正看不到一个尖锐的市场。 |
| 120 | reaction like we've seen in the past. | 和过去一样 |
| 121 | And that's very important because previously, | 这很重要 因为以前 |
| 122 | budgets, there's been such volatility and some would argue very debilitating movements in markets | 预算波动很大 有些人会认为市场波动很弱 |
| 123 | ahead of a budget on all the speculation and the leaks that were coming out of government as to what | 之前的预算,所有投机 和泄密 出政府 关于什么 |
| 124 | was in it. | 曾经在其中。 |
| 125 | So this time it's much more tightly controlled. | 所以这次它控制得要严格得多。 |
| 126 | As you say, we know about certain | 如你所说 我们知道 |
| 127 | t. | |
| 128 | When you say it's a steady as you go budget, does that mean there's the expectation | 当你说这是稳定 当你去预算, 这意味着有期望 |
| 129 | there'll be no big announcements? | 不会有什么大消息吗? |
| 130 | I think that is largely the expectation. | 我认为这基本上是期望。 |
| 131 | Certainly, if we look at the possible revenue initiatives, there's going to be very modest | 当然,如果我们看 可能的税收举措, 这将是非常小的 |
| 132 | piecemeal initiatives to try to improve the fiscal headroom after it's been significantly | 零敲碎打 试图改善财政头室 之后它已经很大 |
| 133 | eroded this year. | 今年受到侵蚀。 |
| 134 | But even then, we don't expect broad increases in either income tax, that, | 但即使这样,我们也不期望 任何所得税的大幅增长,即, |
| 135 | or even looking at what's going to come from the possible employee national insurance. | 或者甚至看看可能由 雇员国家保险产生的结果 |
| 136 | So no big | 所以没什么大 |
| 137 | changes on that front. | 那边有变化 |
| 138 | And even when it comes to the expenditure side, we're already seeing | 即使在支出方面,我们已经看到 |
| 139 | challenges in meeting day to day department spending. | 在满足部门日常开支方面的挑战。 |
| 140 | So it's going to be very challenging | 所以,这将是非常具有挑战性 |
| 141 | for the government to embark on significant spending initiatives that would in turn drive | 政府采取重大支出举措,进而推动 |
| 142 | this meaningful fiscal impulse for the UK economy at this juncture. | 此时此刻对英国经济的这种有意义的财政冲动。 |
| 143 | Laura Cooper there with a look | 劳拉·库珀 看那边 |
| 144 | to the budget. | 预算。 |
| 145 | Now let's stay with the UK because London's famous Oxford Street will be pedestrianised | 现在,让我们留在英国 因为伦敦著名的牛津街将行人 |
| 146 | from this morning. | 从今天早上。 |
| 147 | So car, buses, taxis, bicycles will all disappear from the iconic street as a one | 所以汽车,巴士,出租车,自行车 都会从标志性街道上消失 |
| 148 | kilometre stretch of the road will go vehicle free in the initial step known as the transition phase. | 道路长达公里的路段将在最初阶段即称为过渡阶段的车辆免费通行。 |
| 149 | So all cars except emergency services and delivery trucks between 7am and midnight will be banned | 因此,除紧急服务外,所有车辆和7点到午夜的快递卡车都将被禁止 |
| 150 | and all bus services will be rerouted. | 所有公交车服务都会改道 |
| 151 | We've been speaking to our correspondent, Graham Satchel, | 我们一直和我们的通讯员格雷厄姆·萨切尔说话 |
| 152 | who's on Oxford Street about what the London Mayor Sadiq Khan is trying to achieve. | 他在牛津街上 谈论伦敦市长萨迪克·汗想要达到的目标 |
| 153 | Well, | 那个 |
| 154 | this has been in the making since the 1960s. | 从20世纪60年代开始就一直如此 |
| 155 | It's a row that's gone on for decade after decade, | 连续十年之久 |
| 156 | what to do with this street. | 这条街怎么办? |
| 157 | It is known as the busiest shopping street in Europe, | 这是欧洲最繁忙的购物街 |
| 158 | known colloquially here as the nation's high street. | 这里被称为全国的街道 |
| 159 | I'm standing in the middle of it this | 我站在中间 |
| 160 | morning, quite a lot of activity as bits of it have been blocked off, preventing traffic | 早上,很多活动 已经被阻断,阻止交通 |
| 161 | and allowing pedestrians in. | 并允许行人进入。 |
| 162 | You can see here they're putting in this temporary mat that says | 你看这里,他们把 临时垫子说 |
| 163 | Oxford. | 牛津大学. |
| 164 | And it is a historic moment, I think, for the Mayor of London who has really | 我认为,对于伦敦市长来说,这是一个历史性的时刻,他确实 |
| 165 | pushed this through. | 把它推过去。 |
| 166 | It is not without its controversies because local people who live | 这并非没有争议,因为当地人生活着 |
| 167 | near Oxford Street are very worried about the traffic that will be pushed from this street | 在牛津街附近,人们非常担心 这条街上的交通会被推开 |
| 168 | to their neighbourhoods. | 他们的街区。 |
| 169 | There are also worries about people with disabilities, older people | 对残疾人,老年人也有担心 |
| 170 | getting up and down Oxford Street. | 上下上牛津街。 |
| 171 | But in the end, the Mayor has pushed this through. | 但最终市长还是挺过来了 |
| 172 | He has | 他已经 |
| 173 | taken away planning control from the local authorities and wrested it with himself. | 从当地政府手中夺去规划控制权,并亲自将其扳倒。 |
| 174 | And | 还有 |
| 175 | he's saying that for the greater good of the economy here in London, for air pollution, | 他说为了伦敦的经济利益 为了空气污染 |
| 176 | that this street needs to be pedestrianised and it has been from this morning. | 这条街需要有人行走 从今天早上开始 |
| 177 | OK, and the question | 好吧,还有问题 |
| 178 | is, I guess, we'll see in time how it affects businesses, the shops that are along that street, | 我想,我们会及时看到 它如何影响企业, 商店沿街, |
| 179 | and also tourism as well, because it's such a critical part of central London. | 还有旅游业 因为这是伦敦市中心的关键部分 |
| 180 | So many of | 这么多 |
| 181 | those shops rely on the tourists who spend. | 那些店铺都靠旅游者花钱 |
| 182 | That's absolutely right, Sally. | 没错,莎莉 |
| 183 | So half a million people | 所以50万人,我们... |
| 184 | a day come to Oxford Street, and at the moment they have been stuck on the pavements. | 一天到来牛津街, 此刻他们被困在人行道上。 |
| 185 | The hope | 希望 |
| 186 | is that footfall will increase, that London can count itself alongside places like Barcelona and | 伦敦可以和巴塞罗那等地并列 |
| 187 | Paris and other major cities in the world that have huge areas now that are pedestrianised. | 巴黎和世界上其他主要城市现在拥有巨大的行人区. |
| 188 | You | 你们 |
| 189 | go to places like Sydney and Los Angeles. | 去悉尼和洛杉矶等地 |
| 190 | I mean, they're just everywhere is pedestrianising. | 我的意思是,他们只是 无处不在行人。 |
| 191 | London | 伦敦 |
| 192 | seemed to have been, as far as the Mayor was concerned, falling behind. | 市长看来已经落后了 |
| 193 | So this is very much | 所以这是非常的 |
| 194 | a first step. | 第一步。 |
| 195 | And yes, as you say, the hope is that it will be a significant improvement | 是的,如你所说,希望这将会是一个重大的改进 |
| 196 | for the economy here in central London. | 伦敦中部的经济 |
| 197 | Oxford Street over the years has had a terrible reputation, | 牛津街这几年的名声很糟 |
| 198 | has become very tatty, very polluted, very down at heel. | 已经变得非常肮脏,非常污染,非常低跟。 |
| 199 | The shops along here, some of them have | 这里的商店,有些有 |
| 200 | been frankly a little less than desired. | 坦白地说,比预期的要少一点。 |
| 201 | If you live in London like I do, people don't really come | 如果你像我一样住在伦敦 人们不会真的来 |
| 202 | to Oxford Street, that's the truth of it. | 到牛津街,这是事实。 |
| 203 | So the hope is that opening it up, making it a place where | 因此,希望是打开它, 使之成为一个地方 |
| 204 | there are trees and seating areas, a much more pleasant place, will mean that people will want | 有树木和座位区, 一个更舒适的地方, 将意味着人们想要 |
| 205 | to come. | 来 |
| 206 | That's the vision Graham Satchel there in Oxford Street for us still to come. | 这就是在牛津街的格雷厄姆·萨切尔的愿景, 供我们来。 |
| 207 | Halloween | 万圣节 |
| 208 | farmers in the UK are a much needed seasonal boost. | 英国的农民是非常需要的季节性刺激。 |
| 209 | Around the world and across the UK, | 环绕世界和整个英国, |
| 210 | this is BBC News. | 这是BBC新闻。 |
| 211 | 今天你和BBC新闻的Business Today合作 | |
| 212 | Now, when you think of California, | 现在,当你想到加州时, |
| 213 | you often think of a US state known for its glamour, coastal mega mansions being the home | 你经常想到一个以魅力闻名的美国国家 沿海巨型豪宅就是家 |
| 214 | of the rich and famous. | 富贵而有名的人。 |
| 215 | Well, it might well soon be known as well for a billionaires tax. | 嗯,它很可能很快 以亿万富翁的税收而闻名。 |
| 216 | Voters are about to decide whether the mega rich, among them the likes of the media mogul, | 选民们即将决定 巨富, 包括像媒体 mogul, |
| 217 | Oprah Winfrey, or Metta's boss Mark Zuckerberg, and reality TV star Kim Kardashian, whether they | 奥普拉·温弗雷,或梅塔的老板马克·扎克伯格,以及真人秀电视明星金·卡戴珊,无论他们 |
| 218 | and others shouldn't hand over billions of dollars to pay for improvements to health care. | 其他人不应该交出数十亿美元来支付改善保健的费用。 |
| 219 | The state is considering levying a one-time 5% tax on the net worth of all California's billionaires. | 该州正在考虑对所有加州亿万富翁净值征收一次性5%的税. |
| 220 | The move aims to raise a hundred billion dollars to make up for federal funding cuts to the state's | 此举旨在筹集1000亿美元,以弥补联邦削减该州的资金。 |
| 221 | system. | 系统。 |
| 222 | California has the largest economy in the US and boasts the fourth largest global economy | 加州拥有美国最大的经济 并拥有全球第四大经济 |
| 223 | bigger than India and the UK. | 比印度和英国大 |
| 224 | Well, I talked to Chris Beecham, whose chief market analyst at IG, | 我跟Chris Beecham谈过了 他在IG的首席市场分析师 |
| 225 | who explained why sometimes taxing the super rich backfires. | 他解释了为什么有时对超富的反火课税. |
| 226 | It is the risk with these wealth taxes that you have this highly mobile wealth that can essentially | 这些财富税的风险在于 你拥有这种高度流动性的财富 |
| 227 | move very easily and states are trying to implement these wealth taxes do often face this | 各州正试图执行这些财富税, |
| 228 | major problem. | 大问题 |
| 229 | It sounds like a brilliant idea if you have a state facing major funding cuts, | 如果你的国家面临重大资金削减 听起来是个好主意 |
| 230 | you raise the money from those with the broadest shoulders. | 你从肩最宽的人那里筹到钱 |
| 231 | But of course, | 当然 |
| 232 | when you have this large amount of wealth that somebody up sticks and leave, the risk is that | 当你有这么多的财富, 有人坚持和离开, 风险是 |
| 233 | you end up raising far less money than you anticipated. | 你最终筹得的钱远远低于预期 |
| 234 | And indeed, it detracts from | 事实上,它使 |
| 235 | California's attractiveness as a place for investments. | 加州作为投资场所的吸引力. |
| 236 | And I mean, this is a debate | 我的意思是,这是一场辩论 |
| 237 | we've had in this country ahead of the budget, in fact, and there's a whole conversation about | 事实上,我们在这个国家的预算领先, 而且有一个完整的谈话 关于 |
| 238 | the UK. | 英国。 |
| 239 | If we were to impose a wealth tax, would we lose these people who move elsewhere, | 如果我们要征收财富税, 我们会不会失去这些迁移到别处的人, |
| 240 | who actually pay a lot of tax already and we lose that tax income as it were? | 谁真的已经交了很多税 而我们失去了税收收入? |
| 241 | Tell us about what | 告诉我们什么 |
| 242 | Metta is doing. | 梅塔正在做这个 |
| 243 | They have got a bit of a way around this to keep Mark Zuckerberg in California. | 他们有办法把马克·扎克伯格留在加州 |
| 244 | Yes, it does pay to have the best tax lawyers you can the money can buy and Mark Zuckerberg | 是的,有最好的税务律师 钱可以买到,马克・扎克伯格。 |
| 245 | has that Metta's new plan is to provide Zuckerberg with extra compensation to offset | 梅塔的新计划是给扎克伯格额外补偿 |
| 246 | this taxation. | 这种税收。 |
| 247 | And it's likely something that others I think would follow that these billionaires | 我认为其他人可能会 追随这些亿万富翁 |
| 248 | with huge amount of disposal, nonetheless, resist the idea that they want to give that over to the | 不过,他们想把这个交给 |
| 249 | state. | 状态。 |
| 250 | And so if you've got somebody who can set up this kind of system or can tweak the rules of | 所以,如果你有个人 谁可以建立这种系统 或者可以调整的规则 |
| 251 | your contract to provide you with the funds, you can offset that. | 您的合同提供 您的资金,你可以抵消。 |
| 252 | So the question is how many of | 所以问题是 有多少人 |
| 253 | those take that? | 他们拿那个? |
| 254 | And with all these wealth taxes, they often raise less than you expect. | 加上所有这些财富税,它们常常比预期的要少。 |
| 255 | It's not | 这不是 |
| 256 | the UK or California, you've had Norway, the Netherlands and others. | 英国或加利福尼亚,你有挪威,荷兰等。 |
| 257 | I think the fact that | 我认为事实 |
| 258 | it's so uncoordinated often means it doesn't raise as much revenue as its advocates expect. | 它是如此的不协调 往往意味着它没有筹集到 与它的倡导者预期的一样多的收入。 |
| 259 | Chris Speecham从IG那里。 | |
| 260 | Now it's the last week of October and that means for many it is peak | 现在是十月的最后一周 意味着很多人都达到顶峰 |
| 261 | pumpkin picking season. | 南瓜采摘季节. |
| 262 | And the UK pumpkin picking craze has turned pick your own farm | 而英国南瓜的采摘 已经转而选择自己的农场 |
| 263 | visits into a major autumn tradition and a vital source of seasonal income for British agriculture. | 成为英国农业季节性收入的重要来源。 |
| 264 | Driven by a mix of social media culture, farm diversification and an appetite for autumn family | 受社交媒体文化、农场多样化和秋天家庭的胃口的驱使 |
| 265 | experiences. | 经历。 |
| 266 | For Over Farm in the Closter Shear, pick your own pumpkins during October has become | 10月的时候 自己挑南瓜就变成了 |
| 267 | one of their most important sources of income. | 他们最重要的收入来源之一。 |
| 268 | Rhys Keane是Over农场的农场经理 | |
| 269 | and explained how it's been going so far. | 并解释了这到底是怎么回事。 |
| 270 | Thankfully it's been very, very good despite | 谢天谢地,它一直非常,非常好 尽管 |
| 271 | storms over the last few days. | 过去几天的风暴。 |
| 272 | It's a well-needed reprieve from a year that's been a bit of a | 这是非常需要的缓期执行 从一年已经有点 |
| 273 | struggle. | 挣扎。 |
| 274 | Well talk us through it. | 说说看 |
| 275 | I mean when it comes to growing pumpkins, was the weather good, | 我的意思是,当它涉及到 生长南瓜, 是天气好, |
| 276 | bad or ugly for us this year? | 今年对我们来说是坏还是丑? |
| 277 | For growing pumpkins it was actually quite good. | 对于生长南瓜来说,其实是相当不错的。 |
| 278 | They like the heat, | 他们喜欢热量, |
| 279 | they like the sun. | 他们喜欢太阳。 |
| 280 | What they don't like is dry but thankfully we've got a 1980s irrigation system | 他们不喜欢的是干燥 但幸好我们有20世纪80年代的灌溉系统 |
| 281 | that my great grandfather and my grandmother's brother put in and that was in for potatoes and | 我曾祖父和我祖母的哥哥 送进来的土豆 |
| 282 | we're using that today to make most of that for pumpkins. | 我们今天用它来做南瓜的大部分。 |
| 283 | So for your farm overall, how important | 所以对于你的农场来说 有多重要 |
| 284 | is the pumpkin season compared to other things you're doing? | 南瓜季节比其他的季节还多吗? |
| 285 | About a third of our turnover comes | 大约三分之一的营业额来了 |
| 286 | in through October so it's incredibly important and it's really nice to have a crop that we can | 在10月,所以这是 令人难以置信的重要 和它真的很好有一个农作物 我们可以 |
| 287 | {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}然后把一个事件变成 | |
| 288 | Yeah absolutely and to a degree some might argue we can thank | 是啊,在某种程度上,有人可能会争论 我们可以感谢 |
| 289 | the Americans for that, this sort of rise in interest in Halloween in recent years because | 美国人为此,这种 增加的兴趣 近年来万圣节 因为 |
| 290 | it has become huge in this country Halloween, not just pumpkins but all things Halloween. | 在这个国家 万圣节变得很大 不仅仅是南瓜 还有万圣节 |
| 291 | Yeah that's it. | 是的,就是这样。 |
| 292 | We've been doing things on Halloween for over 30 years, starting up with | 我们在万圣节上做了30多年 开始 |
| 293 | a small pumpkin festival, moving into a scare attraction and daytime Halloween fun and pumpkin | 一个小南瓜节, 进入一个吓人的吸引 和白天万圣节乐趣和南瓜 |
| 294 | festival around the pumpkin picking experience latterly. | 在南瓜的采摘体验中 |
| 295 | So yeah it's been something we've been | 所以,是的,这是我们一直的东西 |
| 296 | doing for a long time, we've certainly been to America and leaned heavily on their ideas. | 很久以来,我们一直到美国 并且非常依赖他们的想法 |
| 297 | And Rhys you mentioned that your grandparents put in this irrigation system which was a bit of a | Rhys你提到你的祖父母放进这个灌溉系统 有点... |
| 298 | rescue this year, certainly with the unbelievable extreme heat we had right across the country for | 今年的救援,当然还有 难以置信的极端热量,我们有 全国各地的权利 |
| 299 | many many weeks. | 很多个星期 |
| 300 | How has it been going running this farm in recent years, what have been the challenges? | 近年来它是如何经营这个农场的? 挑战是什么? |
| 301 | Challenges for us is changing consumer demand, we are not able to keep up the supermarkets | 我们面临的挑战是改变消费需求,我们无法维持超市 |
| 302 | ability to acquire products at better quality at a lower price so we're sort of having to move | 能够以更低的价格 以更高质量的价格获得产品 所以我们不得不移动 |
| 303 | move away from traditional farming small scale into into a bigger event that draws people in | 脱离传统的小规模耕作,进入一个吸引人们参与的大事件。 |
| 304 | more than just the crop on its own so that's that's kind of been our biggest challenge over | 不只是作物本身 所以这是我们最大的挑战 |
| 305 | the recent years. | 近些年来 |
| 306 | So apart from pumpkins what else is in that remit for you? | 所以除了南瓜之外,你还有别的什么? |
| 307 | We do an awful | 我们做一个可怕的 |
| 308 | lot of things across the site now, not just pumpkins we've got a wedding barn and a farm | 现在现场有很多东西 不只是南瓜 我们有一个婚礼谷仓和一个农场 |
| 309 | so that's that's kind of where we've had to diversify to away from food production | 所以这就是我们不得不多样化 远离粮食生产的地方 |
| 310 | to make sense on a small scale farm like ours. | 在像我们这样的小农场里讲道理 |
| 311 | And how long has this farm been in your family | 这个农场在你家里多久了? |
| 312 | and what is your your outlook going forward? | 你的前景如何? |
| 313 | So it's been 1924 it was a great great grandfather | 原来是1924年的曾祖父 |
| 314 | moved in from Chicksbury and so yeah over 100 years going forward it's going to be focusing | 从奇克斯伯里搬进来了 一百年过去了 它会集中精神 |
| 315 | more on events around the farm most likely and less about food production. | 更多关于农场周围的事件 最有可能 较少关于粮食生产。 |
| 316 | And yet when | 但何时 |
| 317 | we think about it and there's conversations about food security lack of food supply and | 我们考虑一下,还有关于粮食安全 缺乏粮食供应和 |
| 318 | everything that sounds bonkers doesn't it? | 听起来很疯狂,不是吗? |
| 319 | It does it does a bit and it is it is a shame | 它做一点点,这是一个耻辱 |
| 320 | it is just very very difficult on a small scale to be profitable when you're when you're producing | 在小范围上很难赚钱 当你在生产的时候 |
| 321 | Reese Keen there from Overfarm in Gloucestershire. | 里瑟·基恩来自格洛斯特郡的过度农场 |
| 322 | Let's just show you an article to highlight today | 今天给你们看篇文章 |
| 323 | it's Faisal Islam's In Depth looking ahead to the budget that's our economics editor it's something | 这是费萨尔伊斯兰的深度 展望预算 是我们的经济学编辑 |
| 324 | I read on my way into work this morning and it is really good read so do have a look it sort of | 我今天早上在上班的路上读过 读起来真的很好 所以请仔细看看 |
| 325 | {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}他为我准备最后的点数 {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}我 | |
| 326 | of t's that budget ahead of Wednesday. | 这是周三之前的预算 |
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