颠覆传统成功学！丹尼尔·科伊尔硬核访谈拆解：为什么单打独斗的
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:00 | I'm Daniel Coyle. | 我是丹尼尔·科伊尔 |
| 0:01 | I write about the science of human potential. | 我写关于人类潜力的科学。 |
| 0:03 | I'm the author of The Talent Code, The Culture Code, and my new book, Flourish. | 我是"人才守则","文化守则",以及我的新书"面粉"的作者. |
| 0:08 | Today on Big Think, we're going to be talking about talent, highly successful groups, and thriving communities. | 今天在"大思想"上,我们将谈论人才, 高度成功的团体,以及繁荣的社区。 |
| 0:15 | Thank you for watching Big Think. | 谢谢你看《大思想》 |
| 0:16 | If you'd like to support our work, we encourage you to join our members' community. | 如果你愿意支持我们的工作,我们鼓励你加入我们的成员社区. |
| 0:20 | As a member, you'll receive our quarterly print magazine, a beautifully designed collection of the ideas and interviews that matter most. | 作为会员,你会收到我们的季刊, 一个设计优美的集思广益的杂志, 以及最重要的采访。 |
| 0:26 | Big Think is for curious people who want to take deep dives into big ideas. | 大块 思考是给那些想潜入大想法的好奇者。 |
| 0:31 | To support the media you want to see in the world, go to bigthink.com slash membership. | 为了支持你想在世界上看到的媒体,去Bigthink.com slash成员. |
| 0:36 | And now, back to the interview. | 现在,回到采访。 |
展开字幕全文（2460 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I'm Daniel Coyle. | 我是丹尼尔·科伊尔 |
| 2 | I write about the science of human potential. | 我写关于人类潜力的科学。 |
| 3 | I'm the author of The Talent Code, The Culture Code, and my new book, Flourish. | 我是"人才守则","文化守则",以及我的新书"面粉"的作者. |
| 4 | Today on Big Think, we're going to be talking about talent, highly successful groups, and thriving communities. | 今天在"大思想"上,我们将谈论人才, 高度成功的团体,以及繁荣的社区。 |
| 5 | Thank you for watching Big Think. | 谢谢你看《大思想》 |
| 6 | If you'd like to support our work, we encourage you to join our members' community. | 如果你愿意支持我们的工作,我们鼓励你加入我们的成员社区. |
| 7 | As a member, you'll receive our quarterly print magazine, a beautifully designed collection of the ideas and interviews that matter most. | 作为会员,你会收到我们的季刊, 一个设计优美的集思广益的杂志, 以及最重要的采访。 |
| 8 | Big Think is for curious people who want to take deep dives into big ideas. | 大块 思考是给那些想潜入大想法的好奇者。 |
| 9 | To support the media you want to see in the world, go to bigthink.com slash membership. | 为了支持你想在世界上看到的媒体,去Bigthink.com slash成员. |
| 10 | And now, back to the interview. | 现在,回到采访。 |
| 11 | We live at a really interesting moment in history. | 我们生活在一个非常有趣的历史时刻。 |
| 12 | Unlike all of our ancestors, we live in this moment of peak individualism. | 与所有祖先不同,我们生活在个人主义的高峰时刻. |
| 13 | And so whenever we see achievement, we focus on that individual. | 所以,每当我们看到成就的时候, 我们关注这个个体。 |
| 14 | We focus on what makes them special. | 我们专注于是什么让他们特别。 |
| 15 | We focus on their habits, their behaviors. | 我们关注他们的习惯和行为。 |
| 16 | We just see them. | 我们只是看到他们。 |
| 17 | But like all matters of focus, focus makes you a little bit blind. | 但和所有焦点一样 焦点让你有点盲目 |
| 18 | There's all kinds of other currents, connections, and more ecological powers that are making someone improve. | 还有各种其他的电流,连接, 和更多的生态力量 正在使某人改善。 |
| 19 | If you were to ask Hemingway, if you were to look at Hemingway and look at him through the lens of individualism, | 如果你要问海明威, 如果你要看海明威 通过个人主义的镜头看他, |
| 20 | you would say, well, what makes you great? | 你会说,什么让你伟大? |
| 21 | And it would be about his hard work. | 这将是关于他的辛勤工作。 |
| 22 | It would be about his particular gift, his talent. | 他的天赋和才能 |
| 23 | And that's a very sexy story to tell. | 这故事很性感 |
| 24 | It's a very beautiful story to tell that he's sort of a magical person, | 这是一个非常美丽的故事 说,他是一个神奇的人, |
| 25 | that Steve Jobs is a magical person, that Michael Jordan is a magical person, and that Baryshnikov is a magical person. | 史蒂夫·乔布斯是个神奇的人 迈克尔·乔丹是个神奇的人 巴利什尼科夫是个神奇的人 |
| 26 | We get kind of addicted looking through this individualistic lens. | 我们有点上瘾 通过这种个人主义的镜头。 |
| 27 | But when we do that, we're blind to all the other forces that are actually truthfully generating that talent, generating that performance, generating that fulfillment. | 但是,当我们这样做的时候,我们却对其它所有的力量视而不见, 这些力量实际上是在真实地产生这种才华, 产生这种表现,产生这种成就。 |
| 28 | When you actually scratch the surface of a great performer, when you actually look into what made a Hemingway or a Jordan or a Baryshnikov, | 当你真正地抓一个伟大的表演者的表面, 当你真正地研究 是什么使海明威,约旦或巴列什尼科夫, |
| 29 | what you will invariably find is an elite environment, a bunch of relationships, a bunch of connection. | 你总是会找到一个精英环境, 一堆关系,一堆连接。 |
| 30 | Oh, Mr. Hemingway, he's a great writer. | 哦,海明威先生,他是一个伟大的作家。 |
| 31 | Well, who taught him to love words? | 谁教他爱说话的? |
| 32 | What models served him as he began to develop? | 在他开始发展的时候,什么模型对他有帮助? |
| 33 | What kind of environment was he in? | 他在什么样的环境中? |
| 34 | And when you begin to take this environmental lens and put it on, it opens up new opportunities for leadership. | 当你开始用这个环境视角 把它戴上, 它为领导提供了新的机会。 |
| 35 | It's really in the end about creating conditions where people can grow together. | 这其实是最终创造人们可以一起成长的条件. |
| 36 | There's a great saying in the Tao Te Ching, where there's a good leader, people say, what a good leader that is. | "陶德清传"中有一句伟大的谚语,其中有一位好领导者,人们说,何谓好领导者. |
| 37 | But where there's a great leader, people say, we did it ourselves. | 但当有伟大的领袖时,人们说,我们自己做到了. |
| 38 | That's not how we typically have thought about leadership in the past. | 过去我们通常不是这么考虑领导力的。 |
| 39 | We often focus on control. | 我们经常注重控制。 |
| 40 | We often focus on results. | 我们常常注重成果。 |
| 41 | We often focus on sort of treating people as if they're separate from others. | 我们常常把注意力集中在 对待人们,好像他们与其他人分开一样。 |
| 42 | But when we take this more ecological approach, it opens up opportunity. | 但是,当我们采取这种更生态的方法时,它就会打开机会. |
| 43 | It opens up new ways to create more growth. | 它开辟了创造更多增长的新途径. |
| 44 | So I spent five years visiting talent hotbeds all over the world, like places that produced impossible numbers of talented performers, | 所以我花了五年时间 访问世界各地的人才温床, 像那些产生不可能数量 天才表演者, |
| 45 | a Russian tennis club that produced more top 25 players than the entire United States or a Bulgarian chess club. | 一个俄罗斯网球俱乐部,其出场人数比全美国或保加利亚棋院前25名. |
| 46 | And the places that I visited had these sort of common features in their environment that I saw over and over again. | 我访问过的地方 在他们的环境中有这些共同的特征, 我反复看到。 |
| 47 | The first thing is they were kind of junky. | 第一件事是他们很烂 |
| 48 | I started to call them Chickenwire Harvards. | 我开始叫他们"金丝网哈佛大学" |
| 49 | You know, you'd go to the music camp and there'd be like cinder blocks holding up the stairs and the camp hadn't been repaired in a long time. | 你知道,你会去音乐营 和有像煤渣块 扶起楼梯 和营地没有修复 在很长一段时间。 |
| 50 | They didn't put their attention on creating a luxurious environment. | 他们没有把注意力放在创造豪华的环境上. |
| 51 | They explicitly did not. | 它们显然没有。 |
| 52 | They actually kept it very Spartan. | 他们实际上保留它非常斯巴达人。 |
| 53 | An elite development environment is not one where every luxury is given to you. | 一个精英的发展环境 并不是给你所有奢侈品的环境 |
| 54 | It's a place of work. | 其地为业. |
| 55 | It's a place of craft. | 其地为工艺. |
| 56 | The second thing I noticed is that they really had a different relationship to mistakes. | 我注意到的第二件事是 他们和错误的关系真的不同 |
| 57 | There's something called learning velocity. | 有东西叫做学习速度。 |
| 58 | And the best story I know to get a handle on that is a story about Clarissa. | 我最了解的就是克拉丽莎的故事 |
| 59 | Clarissa was a 15-year-old musician. | 克拉丽莎是一名15岁的音乐家. |
| 60 | She was part of this study done by a psychologist named Gary McPherson. | 她是这个研究的一部分 由心理学家Gary McPherson完成。 |
| 61 | And McPherson tracked her study for months. | 而麦克弗森跟踪她的研究了几个月. |
| 62 | And he identified one segment, one brief segment, six-minute segment where she progressed more than she did in a month of normal practice. | 他确定了一个段,一个短段,六分钟段 她比正常练习的一个月进步更多。 |
| 63 | And the question is, what did that look like? | 问题是,那看起来像什么? |
| 64 | Well, Clarissa is sitting down. | 克拉丽莎在坐 |
| 65 | She's wearing a hoodie. | 她穿着连衣帽。 |
| 66 | She's got her clarinet and she's looking at the music really intently, looking at it just ferociously intently. | 她有她的单簧管, 她看着的音乐 非常有意图, 看着它只是热衷。 |
| 67 | And then she plays a little snatch of a song. | 然后她演奏了一首小曲子 |
| 68 | It's called The Golden Wedding. | 名为金刚婚礼. |
| 69 | And she plays the first couple bars. | 而且她还演奏第一对夫妇的酒吧. |
| 70 | It's a jazzy little tune. | 这是一个爵士乐小调。 |
| 71 | And then she makes a mistake and she stops. | 然后她犯了一个错误 她停下来。 |
| 72 | She feels that mistake. | 她觉得那是错误的。 |
| 73 | And then she reads the notes again and she goes back and she hums it to herself. | 然后她又读了这些笔记 然后她回去 自己哼着 |
| 74 | And then she goes back and she plays a little bit further. | 然后她又回去了 玩得更远一点 |
| 75 | And she makes another mistake and she stops. | 她又犯了个错误 她就停下来了 |
| 76 | If you picture what the wires of her brain are doing in that moment, she's reaching. | 如果你想象一下她大脑的电线 在那一刻,她正在到达。 |
| 77 | She's sensing that failure and then reaching again. | 她感应到失败,然后又到达 |
| 78 | And that's called deep practice. | 这叫做深层练习。 |
| 79 | It's when you get to the edge of your ability to increase learning velocity. | 就是当你达到提高学习速度的能力的边缘时. |
| 80 | When you deliberately make mistakes in order to build skill. | 当故意犯错以培养技能时. |
| 81 | That's what deep practice is. | 深习即是. |
| 82 | And when I visited these talent hotbeds, they were all practicing like a bunch of Clarissas. | 当我参观这些人才温床时, 他们都像一群克拉丽莎一样练习。 |
| 83 | They were all keenly focused on pushing themselves to the edge of their ability, | 他们都热衷于把自己逼到极限 |
| 84 | sensing that mistake, and then reaching again. | 感知到这个错误,然后再次到达。 |
| 85 | And deep practice is all about that moment of reach, | 而深层的练习 完全是关于 达到的时刻, |
| 86 | that moment of reach where our learning velocity goes up. | 也就是我们学习速度上升的时刻 |
| 87 | And really it's a moment of reinterpreting what mistakes are. | 实际上,这是重新解释错误的时刻。 |
| 88 | You know, we walk around thinking a mistake is a verdict. | 你知道,我们到处走 认为一个错误是判决。 |
| 89 | A mistake is a sign. | 一个错误是迹象。 |
| 90 | This isn't meant for me. | 这不适合我 |
| 91 | But in fact, a mistake is information. | 但事实上,错误就是信息。 |
| 92 | It's information over where you should reach next. | 这是你接下来应该联系的信息 |
| 93 | And that combination of this intense desire plus this intense reaching, | 而结合这种强烈的欲望 加上这种强烈的接触, |
| 94 | it's like this engine, right? | 这就像这个引擎,对不对? |
| 95 | You've got this high motivation fuel reaching into this zone. | 你有这么高的动力燃料 到达这个区域。 |
| 96 | And when we think about who the fastest learners in the world are, | 当我们想到谁是 世界上最快的学习者, |
| 97 | well, for my money, the fastest learners in the world are probably | 为了我的钱,世界上最快的学习者可能是 |
| 98 | like 12-year-old kids on their skateboards. | 就像12岁的孩子在滑板上。 |
| 99 | They learn really, really fast. | 他们学得真快 |
| 100 | They get good really, really fast. | 他们变得很好,真的很快。 |
| 101 | Who are the slowest learners in the world? | 谁是世界上最慢的学习者? |
| 102 | Well, maybe those same kids in their algebra class. | 或许是代数课上的那些孩子 |
| 103 | What's happening in those cases? | 这些案子是怎么回事? |
| 104 | Look at them through a Clarissa lens. | 透过克拉丽莎的镜头看 |
| 105 | In the skateboard, the skateboard is showing them, | 在滑板上,滑板显示他们, |
| 106 | the environment of that skateboard is showing them where the mistakes are. | 那个滑板的环境 让他们知道错误在哪里 |
| 107 | They feel it. | 他们感觉到了 |
| 108 | They feel that moment. | 他们感觉到那一刻。 |
| 109 | And they can correct and adjust. | 他们可以纠正和调整。 |
| 110 | They can make mistakes and fix. | 他们可以犯错误和修正。 |
| 111 | In the algebra classroom, they're sort of sitting passively | 在代数教室,他们有点被动地坐着 |
| 112 | and knowledge is washing over them. | 知识正在冲刷着他们。 |
| 113 | The learning velocity of certain environments, | 某些环境的学习速度, |
| 114 | by tweaking the environment, | 通过调整环境, |
| 115 | you can massively impact the learning velocity. | 你可以大规模地影响学习速度。 |
| 116 | And that's the lesson of these talent hotbeds. | 这就是这些人才温床的教训。 |
| 117 | They tweak the environment to create those reaches to improve learning velocity. | 它们调整环境,创造这些影响,提高学习速度。 |
| 118 | Like, for example, at that same music school, | 比如在同一所音乐学校 |
| 119 | Meadowmount School of Music, | 梅朵山音乐学院, |
| 120 | they would take a sheet of music that they're learning, | 他们会拿一张他们正在学习的音乐单, |
| 121 | and this is a place where some of the top musicians on the planet have trained. | 这是地球上一些顶尖音乐家训练的地方 |
| 122 | They would take their sheet music and cut it into strips, each line. | 他们会把床单音乐 切成条纹,每行 |
| 123 | Cut it up and mix them up in a bowl. | 切成一碗搅匀. |
| 124 | Pull one out, play it, and try to learn bit by bit, chunk by chunk. | 抽出一个,播放它,并尝试 学习一点,块块。 |
| 125 | One of the places that I saw that was really good at generating errors was Brazilian soccer. | 我所看到的一个地方 真正能产生错误的地方是巴西足球。 |
| 126 | You know, there's a mystery. | 你知道,有一个谜。 |
| 127 | Why does Brazil produce so many brilliant soccer players? | 为什么巴西会培养这么多优秀的足球运动员? |
| 128 | And the answer to that mystery is usually, well, it's Brazil. | 这个谜题的答案通常是巴西。 |
| 129 | It's warm and they play on the beach and it's really inviting. | 它很温暖,他们在海滩上玩 它真的邀请。 |
| 130 | And they love soccer. | 他们喜欢足球 |
| 131 | And that explanation makes a little bit of sense. | 这个解释有点道理 |
| 132 | But when you think about it more deeply, there's a lot of places that are warm. | 但是当你更深思熟虑的时候,有很多地方是温暖的. |
| 133 | There's a lot of places that love soccer. | 有很多地方喜欢足球. |
| 134 | And until the 50s, Brazil wasn't actually that good. | 而直到50年代,巴西实际上并没有那么好。 |
| 135 | They were beaten by Hungary in the World Cup, which is not exactly a beach nation. | 他们在世界杯上被匈牙利击败,而匈牙利并不完全是沙滩国家. |
| 136 | So what happened to make Brazil good? | 那么,是什么使巴西好? |
| 137 | They became addicted to this strange little game. | 他们对这个奇怪的小游戏上瘾了 |
| 138 | 叫做futebol do salão,足球在房间里。 | |
| 139 | And it resembles soccer if you fed soccer amphetamines and shoved it in a phone booth. | 如果你喂足球安非他明 塞进电话亭里 足球就像足球 |
| 140 | Like, it's intensely fast. | 喜欢,它的强烈快。 |
| 141 | The space is about as big as a basketball court. | 空间和篮球场一样大 |
| 142 | The ball is small, smaller center of gravity, five aside. | 球体较小,重力中心较小,5个边. |
| 143 | Its passing lanes are very narrow. | 它的过道非常狭窄. |
| 144 | The game is very fast. | 游戏速度非常快. |
| 145 | There's no space. | 无有空间. |
| 146 | You have to make decisions right now. | 你得马上做决定 |
| 147 | It forces you into the sweet spot over and over again. | 它强迫你一遍又一遍地进入甜点。 |
| 148 | There's no room. | 空无所容. |
| 149 | The ball is small, difficult to control. | 球体很小,难以控制. |
| 150 | So the vision that creates, the pressure that creates, | 因此创造的视觉, 产生的压力, |
| 151 | it puts people into that zone of development, into that clearest spot. | 它把人们带进那个发展区域, 进入那个最清晰的地方。 |
| 152 | 巴西独具特色地沉迷于futebol do salão. | |
| 153 | There were, until about 2009, I think there were 39 international championships, | 在2009年前后,我想有39次国际锦标赛 |
| 154 | and Brazil had won 38 of them. | 巴西赢得了其中的38个。 |
| 155 | It's played all over the nation. | 遍演全国. |
| 156 | And when you look at the biographies of great Brazilian players, | 当你看看伟大的巴西球员的传记 |
| 157 | they all spent a huge portion of their youth doing this, playing this game. | 他们都花了大量的青春时间来玩这个游戏 |
| 158 | That's what surprised me about those talent hotbeds, | 才华横溢让我惊讶 |
| 159 | that they were not making each other comfortable. | 他们不能自在。 |
| 160 | They were tipping their environment so that they could get into that clearest zone, | 他们正在倾斜环境 以便进入最清晰的区域, |
| 161 | so they could make more mistakes, so they could build more skill. | 这样他们就可以犯更多的错误, 这样他们就可以建立更多的技能。 |
| 162 | And I call it the rule of 20%. | 我称之为20%的规则。 |
| 163 | If you're making mistakes about 20% of the time, you're probably in the sweet spot. | 如果你在20%的时间里犯错,你可能就在甜点上. |
| 164 | If you're not making any mistakes, you are not learning. | 如果你没有犯任何错误, 你没有学习。 |
| 165 | If you're making 80% mistakes, you're not in the sweet spot. | 如果你犯了80%的错误, 你并不在甜点。 |
| 166 | That's pretty sour to be there. | 在那里,这是相当酸。 |
| 167 | And the great irony of the sweet spot is that it feels kind of bitter. | 甜点最具有讽刺意味的是 它感觉很苦 |
| 168 | It's really hard to hang out making 80% success and 20% mistakes. | 这真的很难挂出 80%的成功和20%的错误。 |
| 169 | It's hard. | 难曰. |
| 170 | So it takes that extra bit of focus. | 因此,它需要 额外的一点焦点。 |
| 171 | It takes that what they would call deliberate practice. | 这需要所谓的蓄意做法。 |
| 172 | There was this embrace of struggle, where the struggle was validated. | 这场斗争得到了肯定。 |
| 173 | The struggle was expected. | 这场斗争是预料之中的。 |
| 174 | The struggle was noble. | 斗争是崇高的。 |
| 175 | I saw it really vividly at Spartak. | 我在斯巴达克看到了它 |
| 176 | Spartak is a tennis club outside of Moscow. | 斯巴达克是莫斯科以外的网球俱乐部. |
| 177 | It has produced more top 25 women players | 它创造了更多25名女选手 |
| 178 | than the entire United States in the 1990s and the early 2000s. | 与1990年代和2000年代初全美国相比。 |
| 179 | And when you get to Spartak, you start to wonder why, | 当你到达斯巴达克时 你开始怀疑为什么 |
| 180 | because it's like in the middle of this huge park, | 因为它就像在这个巨大的公园中间, |
| 181 | and it's like an old Quonset hut. | 这就像一个老昆塞特小屋。 |
| 182 | It looks like something ancient from World War II. | 看起来像是二战的古董 |
| 183 | And when I walked there, I felt like I had gone to the wrong place, | 当我走到那里, 我觉得我去了错误的地方, |
| 184 | because it looked kind of deserted. | 因为它看起来有点荒芜。 |
| 185 | There was a tiny door. | 有一个很小的门。 |
| 186 | I remember opening the door, but I didn't hear tennis balls. | 我记得我打开了门 但我没听到网球的声音 |
| 187 | I kind of expected to hear tennis balls, but I didn't hear tennis ball. | 我本来想听到网球的声音 但我没听到网球的声音 |
| 188 | And the reason I didn't hear is that they were all swinging without the ball. | 我没有听到的原因是 他们都挥舞 没有球。 |
| 189 | They were all in a line, almost like dancers swinging slowly. | 他们都排成一队, 几乎像舞者摇摆缓慢。 |
| 190 | 老师叫Larysa Preobrazhenskaya 她79岁 | |
| 191 | and this was her routine. | 这是她的例行公事 |
| 192 | She would not let them begin to compete until they had perfected the stroke. | 她不会让他们开始竞争 直到他们完成了中风。 |
| 193 | She was incredulous. | 她很无礼 |
| 194 | How can you start to compete unless you build the stroke? | 除非中风,你怎么能开始竞争? |
| 195 | And so what she was doing with that slow motion practice, | 所以她在做什么 慢动作练习, |
| 196 | almost like dancers moving through the stroke, | 几乎像舞者 在中风移动, |
| 197 | fixing their wrist, fixing their elbow, | 修其腕,修其肘, |
| 198 | having them repeat it and repeat it until it was absolutely built and grooved, | 让他们重复它,然后重复它,直到它完全被建造,而且被扭曲。 |
| 199 | then they could go to compete. | 然后他们可以去竞争。 |
| 200 | It really, for me, captured that sense of focus | 它真的,对我来说,抓住了这种焦点感 |
| 201 | and focus on building that happens in these places. | 并专注于建造 发生在这些地方。 |
| 202 | They're not sort of rolling out the balls and saying, | 他们不是那种 滚出球说, |
| 203 | go hit balls and see who has magical talent. | 去打球 看看谁有神奇的天赋 |
| 204 | They're saying, wait a minute, we have to start from the ground. | 他们说,等一下,我们必须从地面开始。 |
| 205 | We have to start from the most basic transfer of power | 我们必须从最基本的权力转移开始 |
| 206 | from the most basic movement of your body. | 从身体最基本的运动。 |
| 207 | And let's focus on that and struggle through that until we've got it. | 让我们集中精力 并努力克服这些 直到我们得到它。 |
| 208 | And they build it piece by piece by piece by piece. | 他们逐块建造它。 |
| 209 | I mean, the rule of 10,000 hours has been both elevated and trashed in recent years. | 我的意思是,一万小时的规则 已经提高 和废墟近年来。 |
| 210 | And in some ways, I think we've landed on this sort of medium area | 在某些方面,我想我们已经降落在这个中等区域 |
| 211 | where it's not a hard and fast rule. | 在那里,它不是一个艰难和快速的规则。 |
| 212 | You can't just go do 10,000 hours of something and be world class. | 你不能只是去做一万小时的东西 和世界级。 |
| 213 | And yes, it depends on which skill you're trying to do. | 是的,这取决于你 试图做的技能。 |
| 214 | If you're doing high jump, genetics play a bigger role on that. | 如果你跳高,遗传学在这方面的作用更大。 |
| 215 | If you're doing the 100-meter sprint, genetics play a bigger role on that. | 如果你在做100米短跑 遗传学在这点上起着更大的作用 |
| 216 | But for most skills, it's a pretty good rule of thumb to say, | 但对于大多数技能来说 拇指的规矩是很好的 |
| 217 | you need to deep practice, you need to deep practice a lot, | 你需要深入练习, 你需要深入练习很多, |
| 218 | and you need to build that circuitry. | 你需要建立电路。 |
| 219 | That's sort of a non-negotiable. | 这有点难商量 |
| 220 | You need to build that circuitry, and that takes time. | 你需要建造电路 这需要时间 |
| 221 | So there's not sort of a shortcut or a hack to get to this. | 所以没有某种捷径或黑客来达到这个目的。 |
| 222 | Spending time building those fundamentals, building those circuits, | 花时间建造这些基础 建造那些电路, |
| 223 | making those mistakes, reaching past where you currently are | 犯下这些错误, 到达过去你现在的状况 |
| 224 | on the edge of your ability and doing that over and over again, | 在你的能力的边缘 并做一遍又一遍, |
| 225 | that's what actually skill is built of. | 这就是真正的技能构建。 |
| 226 | It's kind of a depressing message in some way to say, | 这是一种令人沮丧的信息 在某种程度上说, |
| 227 | oh, yeah, there's not a shortcut. | 哦,是的,没有捷径。 |
| 228 | But on the other hand, what I see in the talent hotbeds | 但另一方面,我在人才温床里看到的 |
| 229 | is that it's an immensely liberating message. | 那是一个非常自由的信息。 |
| 230 | It's an immensely joyful message, | 这是一个非常快乐的信息, |
| 231 | and it makes each repetition actually matter | 它使每次重复实际上重要 |
| 232 | because each time you're going to a slightly further place. | 因为每次你要去一个稍远的地方 |
| 233 | You made the mistake, you learned from the mistake, you grew. | 你犯了错误 从错误中吸取教训 你长大了 |
| 234 | And so that growth is what repetition actually is. | 因此,增长是重复的。 |
| 235 | There was also this sense that you could steal ideas. | 还有一种感觉 你可以偷想法。 |
| 236 | There wasn't a sense that everything was individual, | 没有感觉 一切都是个人的, |
| 237 | like that you had to figure out your way to do it. | 就像你必须想出办法 |
| 238 | It was a sense you could borrow and beg and steal ideas from other people. | 这是一种感觉,你可以借和乞讨 和偷别人的想法。 |
| 239 | An elite environment is one where a person has the opportunity | 精英环境就是一个人有机会 |
| 240 | to learn from others, to stare, to stare and learn. | 向他人学习 凝视 凝视 学习 |
| 241 | That's really the first moment of deep practice | 这真是第一次深入练习 |
| 242 | when we look at a skill and say, I want to do that | 当我们看着技能说,我想这样做 |
| 243 | and kind of fall in love with it, | 并喜欢它, |
| 244 | fall in love with that baseball swing, fall in love with that poem, | 爱上棒球摇摆 爱上那首诗 |
| 245 | fall in love with that music, fall in love with that dance move, | 爱上音乐 爱上舞蹈动作 |
| 246 | to really take it inside yourself. | 真正把它在自己内部。 |
| 247 | And that's that same pattern that I saw. | 那就是我看到的一样的图案。 |
| 248 | A social environment where you can stare and learn, | 一个你可以凝视和学习的社会环境, |
| 249 | a place where you're not focused on yourself, | 一个你没有专注的地方, |
| 250 | but you're using other people's ideas, | 但你在利用别人的想法 |
| 251 | and a place where struggle is not just accepted, | 和不只接受斗争的地方, |
| 252 | but validated and made noble. | 却被证实,并被尊贵。 |
| 253 | You know, one of the greatest mysteries in the world | 你知道,世界上最大的谜团之一 |
| 254 | is why did the Renaissance happen? | 文艺复兴为什么会发生? |
| 255 | Why did the Renaissance happen in Italy at that time? | 文艺复兴时期为何发生在意大利?. |
| 256 | And there's all kinds of reasons historians give. | 而历史学家给出的各种理由. |
| 257 | Oh, it happened, you know, because Florence was emptied out by the plague | 因为佛罗伦萨被瘟疫淹没了 |
| 258 | and because the Medici's existed. | 因为美第奇的存在 |
| 259 | But when all those reasons also happened in other places, | 但当所有这些原因 发生在其他地方, |
| 260 | why was it there? | 为什么? |
| 261 | And what you find out when you dig into that | 以及你挖出来的东西 |
| 262 | is that Florence was where craft guilds evolved. | 佛罗伦萨是工艺盾发展的地方 |
| 263 | A guild was a workshop where young people were brought in | 一个盾是一个研讨会 年轻人被带进来 |
| 264 | and taught the craft of mixing paint and carving stone | 并教授了混合油漆和石刻的工艺 |
| 265 | and making frescoes and preparing pigments. | 做壁画 做颜料 |
| 266 | And they would get hundreds of reps, thousands of reps, | 他们会得到上百名代表,上千名代表, |
| 267 | thousands of hours spent learning about the fundamentals of their craft, | 花了几千个小时来了解他们的技术基础 |
| 268 | each one of those reps, putting them into that zone of deep practice. | 这些代表中的每一个, 让他们进入深层的练习区。 |
| 269 | That's the kind of environment that's an elite development environment. | 这就是那种精英发展环境. |
| 270 | It's not one where they got put in a kind of a country club environment | 这不是一个让他们 在一个乡村俱乐部的环境 |
| 271 | and given lessons from painters. | 并教训了画家。 |
| 272 | It's ones where they were working every day with other people on real projects, | 他们每天都在那里和别人合作 做真正的项目 |
| 273 | you know, learning as they went, first as a young apprentice, | 你知道,学习他们去, 首先作为一个年轻的学徒, |
| 274 | learning how to prepare the surface, then mixing the paints, | 学会如何准备表面 然后混合颜料 |
| 275 | learning how the medium worked, watching great masters at work. | 学习如何使用媒体, 观看伟大的大师在工作中。 |
| 276 | They're staring, they're struggling, and they're stealing. | 他们盯着,他们挣扎着,他们还在偷东西. |
| 277 | And that, to me, is an elite environment. | 对我来说,这是一个精英环境。 |
| 278 | And so as we look at our schools, as we look at our families, | 当我们看着我们的学校, 当我们看着我们的家庭, |
| 279 | as we look at our work environments, the challenge to us is, | 当我们审视我们的工作环境时,我们面临的挑战是, |
| 280 | how do we create that environment where it is safe to stare, | 我们如何创造那种可以安全凝视的环境, |
| 281 | struggle, and steal together at a craft of getting better | 争斗, 一起偷 的技巧越来越好 |
| 282 | and create that kind of guild environment | 并创建这种盾形环境 |
| 283 | where we can dig in and grow ourselves? | 在那里我们可以挖掘和成长自己? |
| 284 | I think the most mind-blowing thing that I see people astonished by | 我觉得最令人惊叹的东西 我看到人们惊叹 |
| 285 | is the compounding effect. | 是复合效应。 |
| 286 | If you improve 1% a day at piano, at public speaking, at dance, | 如果你每天在钢琴,公共演讲,舞蹈上提高1%, |
| 287 | at whatever you're trying to improve at, 1% a day for a year, | 无论你想提高多少 一年每天1% |
| 288 | by the end of that year, you're 37 times better than when you started. | 到年底,你比开始的时候要好37倍 |
| 289 | Compounding, exponential growth is mind-blowing. | 复合,指数增长是心跳。 |
| 290 | And so that's why I think we've all had experiences in our lives | 所以,所以我认为我们都有 经历我们的生活 |
| 291 | where we've had people around us who've just taken off like rocket ships, | 我们身边有人像火箭船一样起飞 |
| 292 | kids in our neighborhood who've grown up to be incredible musicians, maybe, | 在我们附近长大的 音乐家,也许, |
| 293 | or people we used to go to high school with who were very unimpressive | 或我们以前上过高中的人 他们非常不乐观 |
| 294 | who now are incredibly impressive in terms of their skill and their talent level. | 他们的技能和才能水平令人印象深刻。 |
| 295 | And that speaks, really, to all that potential that's right there waiting for you | 这说明,真的,所有的潜力 在那里等待你 |
| 296 | when you take off that individual focus, | 当你离开 个人焦点, |
| 297 | when you start looking at it through a more holistic kind of ecological lens, | 当你开始通过更整体的生态透镜来看待它, |
| 298 | when you stop treating talent as a magical gift | 当你不再把天赋当作神奇的礼物 |
| 299 | and start treating it as something you can grow. | 开始把它当作可以生长的东西。 |
| 300 | The question this leads us to is how do you get... | 问题是我们是如何... |
| 301 | That's a big project, like growing that much skill, spending that much time. | 这是一个大项目, 像培养那么多的技能, 花那么长时间。 |
| 302 | It's not an easy thing to spend all that time at the edge of your ability. | 在你的能力边缘 花那么多时间可不容易 |
| 303 | What makes someone do that? | 怎么会有人这么做? |
| 304 | And the answer is ignition. | 答案是点火 |
| 305 | We tend to think of motivation as this internal trait, and yes, it feels that way. | 我们倾向于把动机看作是内部特征, 是的,它有这种感觉。 |
| 306 | But in fact, it's about this relationship, | 但事实上,这是关于这种关系, |
| 307 | this interaction that we have with the culture around us. | 我们与周围文化的互动 |
| 308 | Motivation doesn't happen from the inside out. | 动静不从内出. |
| 309 | It always happens from the outside in. | 它总是从外面发生。 |
| 310 | When we see someone that we want to become, | 当我们看到一个我们想成为的人, |
| 311 | when we see a vision of our future self, | 当我们看到未来自我的愿景 |
| 312 | that is what unlocks motivation, | 这就是解开动机的原因, |
| 313 | somebody who is sort of like a person on the horizon toward which we want to travel. | 像我们想要前往的地平线上的人 |
| 314 | And there's all kinds of fascinating experiments that they've done to do this. | 他们为此做了各种有趣的实验。 |
| 315 | One of my favorites is this birthday experiment. | 我最喜欢的就是这个生日实验。 |
| 316 | They have a class read a biography of a mathematician, | 他们有读数学家的传记课 |
| 317 | and it gives some information about the mathematician. | 它提供了数学家的一些信息。 |
| 318 | It talks about where they were born, talks about how they developed, | 它讲述他们出生的地方 讲述他们是如何发展的 |
| 319 | and at the end of it, as part of the bio, they give the mathematician's birthday. | 并在结尾,作为生物的一部分, 他们给数学家的生日。 |
| 320 | But here's the twist. | 但这里的曲折。 |
| 321 | For half of the students, the birthday of the mathematician matched their actual birthday. | 对于一半的学生来说,数学家的生日与其实际的生日相符. |
| 322 | The experimenters made it match. | 实验者使它匹配。 |
| 323 | And then they gave everybody in that experiment a math test. | 然后他们给实验中的每个人一个数学测试。 |
| 324 | Like, okay, you read about this mathematician. | 喜欢,好吧,你读 关于这个数学家。 |
| 325 | How hard will you work on the math test? | 你会在数学测试上多努力? |
| 326 | And the people whose birthday matched worked three times as hard on the math test. | 生日吻合的人 在数学测试上工作了三倍 |
| 327 | There was an unsolvable problem on the math test, | 在数学测试上有一个无法解决的问题, |
| 328 | and they spent three times as much time working on that problem, | 他们花了三倍的时间研究这个问题, |
| 329 | which is kind of crazy, because all it was was just this little moment, | 这有点疯狂, 因为一切都只是这一刻, |
| 330 | like you and the math teacher are connected. | 就像你和数学老师有联系 |
| 331 | This little guitar string inside them got plucked, | 里面的小吉他弦被拔出来 |
| 332 | like, oh, that math teacher is connected to me in some way. | 就像,哦,那个数学老师 跟我有某种联系。 |
| 333 | And that social connection unlocked energy. | 社会联系释放出能量 |
| 334 | And that's how we're built. | 这就是我们是如何构建的。 |
| 335 | When we see something that we really connect with in our windshield, | 当我们在挡风玻璃上看到真正连接的东西 |
| 336 | that we feel that guitar string get plucked, | 我们觉得吉他弦被拔了 |
| 337 | it unlocks energy. | 能解开能量 |
| 338 | And that's that moment of ignition. | 这就是点火的时刻。 |
| 339 | You know, we typically think of Tallinn hotbeds as being kind of magical places. | 你知道,我们通常认为塔林温床 是一种神奇的地方。 |
| 340 | But in fact, with many of them, you can go back in time | 但事实上,有很多人,你可以回到过去 |
| 341 | and see the moment when they got lit, when they got ignited. | 看他们被点燃的那一刻 他们被点燃的那一刻 |
| 342 | If you're a Russian tennis player, | 如果你是俄罗斯网球运动员 |
| 343 | it was when Anna Kornikova went to the finals at Wimbledon. | 那时安娜·科尔尼科娃参加了温布尔登的决赛. |
| 344 | A girl from Spartak, from that same club, showed up. | 一个来自斯巴达克的女孩,来自同一个俱乐部,出现了. |
| 345 | She went all the way to the finals at Wimbledon. | 她一路参加了温布尔登的决赛. |
| 346 | Next thing you know, there's more champions coming out of Spartak five years later. | 接下来,五年后,斯巴达克出现了更多的冠军. |
| 347 | If you're a baseball player on the island of Curacao, | 如果你是库拉考岛上的棒球手 |
| 348 | it's the moment Andrew Jones hit three home runs in a World Series in 1996. | 1996年世界大赛安德鲁·琼斯打入三支全垒打的瞬间. |
| 349 | From that moment on, that island began. | 从那一刻起,那个岛开始了。 |
| 350 | It's like that ultimate guitar string. | 这就像那个最终吉他弦。 |
| 351 | They're all saying, if they can do it, why can't I? | 他们都说,如果他们能做到,为什么我不能? |
| 352 | And that moment, which is, by the way, completely irrational, illogical, | 而那个时刻,顺便说一句, 完全不合理,不合逻辑, |
| 353 | defies everything that we would know about individual development and talent. | 无视我们所知道的关于个人发展和才能的一切。 |
| 354 | And yet, because talent is actually this process through which we are using energy, | 然而,因为天赋实际上是我们使用能量的过程, |
| 355 | funneling energy into this deep practice to grow skills, to grow circuitry, | 将能量注入这个深层的练习 来培养技能 培养电路 |
| 356 | that's why that's powerful. | 这就是为什么它的力量。 |
| 357 | It's like a lightning bolt that absolutely lights up a place | 这就像闪电 绝对点亮一个地方 |
| 358 | where people can say, if they can do it, why can't I? | 在那里人们可以说, 如果他们可以做到这一点, 为什么我不能? |
| 359 | Because motivation is this kind of remarkable kind of lightning bolt moment a lot of times, | 因为动机是这种惊人的闪电时刻 很多时候, |
| 360 | you can't force it to happen, but you can increase the likelihood of it happening | 你不能强迫它发生 但你可以增加它发生的可能性 |
| 361 | with a certain set of tools. | 和一组工具。 |
| 362 | One place I saw that did this really well was Pixar. | 我看到一个地方 做了这个非常好 是皮克斯。 |
| 363 | We all know Pixar is good at making movies. | 我们都知道皮克斯擅长拍电影 |
| 364 | If you're a new employee at Pixar, on your first day, | 如果你是皮克斯的新员工 在第一天 |
| 365 | you come to an auditorium and you sit there, | 你来到一个礼堂 你坐在那里, |
| 366 | and Ed Catmull tells you a couple things. | 艾德·卡特穆尔告诉你一些事情 |
| 367 | He makes a very short speech. | 他的演讲很简短 |
| 368 | The speech goes like this. | 演说如是. |
| 369 | Whatever you did before, you're a movie maker now. | 不管你以前做过什么 你现在是电影制作人了 |
| 370 | We need you to help us make our films better. | 我们需要你帮助我们 改进我们的电影。 |
| 371 | That's the end of the speech. | 演说灭后. |
| 372 | It's a very short speech. | 这是一个非常短的演讲。 |
| 373 | And then they have these things where they'll bring everybody together | 然后,他们有这些东西 在那里,他们会把大家聚集在一起 |
| 374 | and watch versions, rough versions of the Pixar films. | 和观看版本,粗略版本的皮克斯电影. |
| 375 | The whole company, baristas come together, engineers, IT folks, | 整个公司, 律师们聚集在一起, 工程师, IT人士, |
| 376 | and they watch them and they ask for suggestions. | 他们望著他们,就向他索取建议。 |
| 377 | Do you notice anything? | 你注意到什么了吗? |
| 378 | Could be better. | 可能会更好 |
| 379 | And I met an IT guy who had suggested a badge on the character in Up. | 我遇到了一个信息技术员 他建议给"Up"里的角色贴个徽章 |
| 380 | They had some funny message in his scout badges. | 他的侦察徽章里有些有趣的信息 |
| 381 | There was a Boy Scout in the movie Up. | 电影"起来"里有个童子军 |
| 382 | And the IT guy had raised his hand and made a suggestion, | 那个信息技术员举起手来 提了个建议 |
| 383 | and they had put it in the movie. | 他们把它放在电影里。 |
| 384 | It's about creating a moment where you're inviting someone in, | 这是关于创造一个时刻 你邀请某人进来, |
| 385 | inviting someone in to play a role of active contribution to that, | 请某人在这方面发挥积极作用, |
| 386 | to that goal, to that task, to that larger thing. | 目标,任务,更大的事情。 |
| 387 | I saw it in Curacao on the baseball field. | 我在Curacao的棒球场上看到的 |
| 388 | That's a place that has produced an uncountable number of major | 那地方产生了无法统计的主要数量 |
| 389 | leaguers after they produced just the one. | 联盟赛后他们只生产一个。 |
| 390 | I coached Little League, so I was curious. | 我教过小联盟 所以我好奇 |
| 391 | How did they organize their practice? | 他们是如何组织他们的实践的? |
| 392 | I organized my practice. | 我组织我的练习。 |
| 393 | There's just a coach and 12 players. | 只有一名教练和12名球员. |
| 394 | On the field in Curacao, there's about 100 players, | 在库拉考的球场上,大约有100名球员, |
| 395 | and they're divided up into groups, and they have the older kids teaching them. | 他们被分成了几组, 他们让年长的孩子教他们。 |
| 396 | Now, what a moment is that? | 现在,是什么时刻? |
| 397 | Rather than looking at some old guy, | 而不是看着一个老家伙, |
| 398 | they're being taught by older versions of themselves, | 他们被自己的旧版本教导 |
| 399 | kids who had been to the Little League World Series, | 曾经参加小联盟世界大赛的孩子们 |
| 400 | kids who were on their way to maybe play in the major leagues. | 那些正在去参加大联盟比赛的孩子们 |
| 401 | Think about that guitar string moment, | 想想吉他弦乐的瞬间 |
| 402 | that moment of being invited in to that struggle, | 被邀请参与这场斗争的时刻, |
| 403 | to that contribution, to that growth process. | 对这个增长进程的贡献。 |
| 404 | They're really good at structuring environments | 他们很擅长构建环境 |
| 405 | to create that kind of invitation that Ed Catmull is offering | 创建这样的邀请 埃德·卡特穆尔正在提供 |
| 406 | and that those older players in Curacao are offering. | 库拉考那些年长的球员 正在提供。 |
| 407 | It's saying, here's a future vision of yourself. | 意思是,这是你未来的愿景 |
| 408 | Here's something you can play a part in. | 有件事你可以参与其中 |
| 409 | Do you want to do that? | 你想这样做吗? |
| 410 | And inviting people in. | 并邀众入. |
| 411 | We tend to, through that individualistic lens, | 我们倾向于通过这种个人主义的视角, |
| 412 | look at Pixar and Ed Catmull as being kind of magical. | 将皮克斯和艾德·卡特穆尔看成是某种魔力. |
| 413 | Well, that's just their little magic dust or whatever. | 那只是他们的小魔尘什么的 |
| 414 | But it's a playbook. | 却作戏本. |
| 415 | I mean, it is an absolute playbook that you can, | 我的意思是,这是一个绝对的游戏本 你可以, |
| 416 | with the right level of deep knowledge and sincerity | 深厚的知识和诚意, |
| 417 | and learning and growth, apply that in other places. | 学习和成长, 应用到其他地方。 |
| 418 | And they certainly did in Walt Disney when Walt Disney acquired them. | 当华特迪士尼收购它们时 他们肯定在华特迪士尼 |
| 419 | Walt Disney was struggling. | 华特迪士尼在挣扎 |
| 420 | They hadn't produced a good movie in a long time, | 他们很久没拍好电影了 |
| 421 | their animated division. | 他们的动画师。 |
| 422 | And Ed Catmull started visiting there once a week, | 艾德·卡特穆尔开始每周访问一次 |
| 423 | and he moved the desks around so people had to come walk by him. | 他把桌子挪过来了 所以人们不得不从他身边走过来 |
| 424 | And he created these brain trust meetings where they would get together, | 他创建了这些大脑信任会议 他们将在一起, |
| 425 | just like with the earlier example, | 就像以前的例子一样 |
| 426 | where people are pointing out flaws together | 在人们指出 缺陷在一起 |
| 427 | and pointing out things they could do better. | 并指出他们能做的更好 |
| 428 | And next thing you know, | 接着,你知道, |
| 429 | Disney has turned around their animated division entirely. | 迪士尼彻底扭转了他们的动画部门. |
| 430 | When I got to the edge of individual talent, | 当我到了个人的边缘, |
| 431 | what became apparent is that there were these places | 很明显的是,这些地方 |
| 432 | where people were coming together where 2 plus 2 was equaling 10, | 人们聚集在一起,2加2等于10, |
| 433 | where groups who were able to, by combining in a certain way, | 能够通过某种方式结合 |
| 434 | create these entities. | 创建这些实体。 |
| 435 | And when you combine individuals who are growing | 当你结合个体 正在成长 |
| 436 | into an entity that is growing and learning, | 变成一个正在成长和学习的实体, |
| 437 | that's where you get something really powerful, | 这就是你得到的东西 真正强大的, |
| 438 | and that's where we're talking about group culture. | 这就是我们谈论群体文化的地方。 |
| 439 | Culture in our modern conception of it often gets used as like, | 在我们现代的观念中,文化常常被像, |
| 440 | it's the vibe of a group, | 是一个团体的氛围, |
| 441 | or it's the feeling of being with the group, | 或者是和我们在一起的感觉 |
| 442 | or it's the identity of the group. | 或者是团体的身份 |
| 443 | I'd like to offer a different theory, | 我想提出一个不同的理论 |
| 444 | which is that culture is a set of living relationships | 文化是一种生活的关系 |
| 445 | in pursuit of a shared goal. | 追求共同的目标。 |
| 446 | It's more of a functional definition of culture, | 更是一个文化的功能定义, |
| 447 | rather than focusing on the vibe or the feel, | 而不是专注于气氛或感觉, |
| 448 | it focuses on sort of the core behaviors | 它专注于核心行为 |
| 449 | that allow a group to come together | 让一个团体聚集在一起 |
| 450 | to become greater than the sum of their parts. | 变得大于其部分的总和。 |
| 451 | There's three relationships that every human being has. | 人各有三种关系. |
| 452 | It's your relationship to yourself, | 这是你和你自己的关系 |
| 453 | it's your relationship to others, | 是你和别人的关系 |
| 454 | and it's your relationship to the larger world. | 这是你和大世界的关系 |
| 455 | And in places where they have got this sense of thriving, | 在他们有这种繁荣感的地方 |
| 456 | this sense of connection, this sense of growth, | 这种联系感, 这种增长感, |
| 457 | those relationships are unique. | 这些关系是独特的。 |
| 458 | The relationship to the self | 与自我的关系 |
| 459 | ends up being a relationship of growth, | 最终是一种增长的关系, |
| 460 | that you're not fixed. | 你还没修好 |
| 461 | There's a belief that you can grow, | 有种信念认为你可以成长 |
| 462 | there's a belief that you can change, | 有一种信念认为你可以改变, |
| 463 | there's a belief that you're not fixed. | 有一种信念认为你没有固定。 |
| 464 | The relationship to others is really defined | 和别人的关系已经定了 |
| 465 | by curiosity and connection. | 由好奇心和连接。 |
| 466 | They're not focused on the self, | 他们不专注于自我, |
| 467 | they're focused on connection, | 他们专注于连接, |
| 468 | and connection creates energy. | 和连接产生能量。 |
| 469 | Connection creates possibility. | 连接创造了可能性。 |
| 470 | And then the relationship with the world, | 然后与世界的关系, |
| 471 | their connection to the world tends to be | 他们与世界的联系 |
| 472 | one of contribution and creativity. | 贡献和创造力 |
| 473 | They're looking to find something to contribute to, | 他们想找些东西来做贡献 |
| 474 | something to add. | 有东西要补充。 |
| 475 | And so when you look at all of those things, | 所以当你看到所有这些东西, |
| 476 | if you were to x-ray all those places that I visited, | 如果你去X光所有那些 我访问的地方, |
| 477 | these places where people are truly thriving, | 这些地方,人们真正繁荣, |
| 478 | whether it's a business or a sports team | 无论是企业还是体育队 |
| 479 | or a non-profit or a school, | 或非营利或学校, |
| 480 | what you'd find in that x-ray is those same core qualities. | 在X光片里你会发现的是 同样的核心品质 |
| 481 | Real interest in personal growth, | 真正关心个人成长, |
| 482 | real interest in connection and curiosity with others, | 真正关心与他人的联系和好奇心, |
| 483 | and a deep connection to creativity and contribution. | 与创造力和贡献有着深厚的联系。 |
| 484 | Those interactions have got to feel, | 这些互动必须感觉到, |
| 485 | and it kind of adds up to this kind of bubbling sort of aliveness | 和它种加起来 这种勃起 那种活着的 |
| 486 | that I think we've all experienced at some point in our lives. | 我认为我们都经历过 我们生活中的某个时刻。 |
| 487 | When we're around those kind of groups, we can feel it. | 当我们在这样的团体周围, 我们可以感觉到它。 |
| 488 | That's not exactly an accident. | 这不是什么意外 |
| 489 | You know, we evolved in community. | 你知道,我们在社区里进化。 |
| 490 | We did not evolve as a set of rugged individuals | 我们没有演化成一群崎岖的人 |
| 491 | ruggeding our way through time. | 穿越了时间 |
| 492 | We evolved connected to others in community | 我们进化了与社区其他人的联系 |
| 493 | and living communities, | 和生活社区, |
| 494 | groups of people that can self-organize around problems | 团体可以自行组织 围绕问题 |
| 495 | and unlock hidden gifts | 解锁隐藏的礼物 |
| 496 | and create something new that wasn't there before. | 创造出以前不存在的新东西 |
| 497 | So those feelings of personal growth, | 所以那些个人成长的感觉, |
| 498 | of curiosity and connection, | 好奇心和联系, |
| 499 | and of contributing to something better | 并为更好的事情做出贡献 |
| 500 | are deeply wired into us. | 与我们有着深厚的联系 |
| 501 | That's the reason they feel so familiar. | 所以他们才这么熟悉 |
| 502 | The thing that most people get wrong about culture | 大多数人对文化的误解 |
| 503 | is that they think it comes kind of from the inside out. | 是他们认为它来自内心。 |
| 504 | They think that if you're in a certain group, | 他们认为如果你是某个人 |
| 505 | like if you're in the Navy SEALs, if you're in Pixar, | 就像你在海军海豹突击队, 如果你在皮克斯, |
| 506 | or if you're a Marine or something like that, | 如果你是海军陆战队或类似的人 |
| 507 | that that culture is in your heart and your guts | 那种文化在你的内心和胆量中 |
| 508 | and in your DNA. | 还有你的DNA |
| 509 | It's their identity. | 这是他们的身份。 |
| 510 | And then when we think about that culture, | 然后当我们想到这种文化时, |
| 511 | all kind of words typically come to mind. | 所有类型的词 通常会想到。 |
| 512 | Like we think about, say, cohesion and honesty | 就像我们想,比如说, 团结和诚实 |
| 513 | and mission and purpose and values | 任务和目的及价值 |
| 514 | and integrity and trust and teamwork. | 正直、信任和团队精神。 |
| 515 | And so when we talk about culture, it tends to be really mushy. | 所以,当我们谈论文化的时候, 文化往往很沉闷。 |
| 516 | It tends to be this really mushy thing. | 它往往会是这种 真正的黏糊糊的东西。 |
| 517 | But when we look at culture through this functional lens, | 但是当我们通过这个功能透镜看文化时, |
| 518 | I think it's more accurate to look at it | 我觉得看看比较准确 |
| 519 | by looking at a great team in motion. | 看一个伟大的团队在运动。 |
| 520 | And of all the teams that I visited, | 我所访问的所有团队中 |
| 521 | one of the best ones that you could conceive of | 最好的一个你可以想象 |
| 522 | would be a flock of starlings | 将会是一群星灵 |
| 523 | connected, moving through obstacles. | 连接,通过障碍移动。 |
| 524 | Like a flock of birds | 就像一群鸟 |
| 525 | connected, moving as one | 连接, 移动为一体 |
| 526 | through a forest. | 穿过森林 |
| 527 | And what are they doing there? | 他们在那里做什么? |
| 528 | Well, there's sort of three main connections there. | 那儿有三种主要的联系 |
| 529 | They're connected. | 他们有联系 |
| 530 | That's number one. | 即第一义. |
| 531 | They're in the group. | 众中. |
| 532 | They're not out of the group. | 他们没有离开团体。 |
| 533 | They're not going off and having a meeting. | 他们不会去开会的 |
| 534 | They're all in. | 他们都进来了 |
| 535 | The second thing they're doing is they're sharing information. | 他们做的第二件事是分享信息。 |
| 536 | They're moving together because | 他们搬来搬去是因为 |
| 537 | they're seeing what others are doing | 他们看到别人在做什么 |
| 538 | and transparently responding with a shared awareness. | 以共同的认识透明地作出反应。 |
| 539 | And the third thing they're doing | 他们做的第三件事 |
| 540 | is they're handling direction. | 他们正在处理方向 |
| 541 | They're moving toward something. | 他们向着某种东西移动。 |
| 542 | They're moving toward a north star. | 他们朝北面的恒星移动 |
| 543 | Not sort of this way or sort of that way, but moving all together. | 不是这种方式或那种方式,而是一起移动。 |
| 544 | That's what it's like to watch | 看着就是这样 |
| 545 | Pixar make a movie or to watch the Navy Seals | 皮克斯拍电影或者看海豹 |
| 546 | in action or to watch a great sports team. | 或看一个伟大的体育队。 |
| 547 | They're connected. | 他们有联系 |
| 548 | They're sharing information to create a shared | 他们共享信息 创建共享 |
| 549 | consciousness, and they're moving toward a goal. | 他们正朝着目标前进 |
| 550 | And that's the functional definition | 这就是功能定义 |
| 551 | of culture. | 文化、文化和文化 |
| 552 | And beneath that are some core behaviors | 在下面是一些核心行为 |
| 553 | that will allow you to do that. | 那样你就可以这么做了 |
| 554 | Behavior number one, building safety. | 行为第一,建筑安全. |
| 555 | Building safety is the | 建筑物安全是 |
| 556 | absolute foundation. | 绝对的基础。 |
| 557 | Nothing happens without connection. | 没有联系就不会发生任何事 |
| 558 | We're trying to accomplish hard things. | 我们正在努力完成艰难的任务。 |
| 559 | We're trying to operate in a fast | 我们想快速行动 |
| 560 | and fragmented world. | 和分裂的世界。 |
| 561 | And establishing that connection is not | 建立这种联系不是 |
| 562 | something you do third and fourth. | 你做第三和第四个。 |
| 563 | It is absolutely the primal | 绝对是原始的 |
| 564 | thing that needs to happen for any | 任何需要发生的事情 |
| 565 | group to build a good culture. | 组团建好文化. |
| 566 | Safety is the greatest thing to study. | 安全是最伟大的研究。 |
| 567 | And one of my favorite studies about safety | 我最喜欢的安全研究之一 |
| 568 | comes from a guy named Peter Skillman. | 来自一个叫彼得·斯基尔曼的人 |
| 569 | And Peter decided to study this | 彼得决定研究这个 |
| 570 | through a contest. | 通过比赛。 |
| 571 | And the contest was super | 比赛非常精彩 |
| 572 | simple. | 很简单 |
| 573 | Who can build the tallest tower | 谁能建造最高的塔 |
| 574 | with the following materials? | 使用下列材料? |
| 575 | Twenty pieces of raw spaghetti, | 20块生面条 |
| 576 | a yard of scotch tape, | 一院苏格兰磁带, |
| 577 | and a single standard size marshmallow. | 和单一标准尺寸的棉花糖。 |
| 578 | The only rule is marshmallow | 唯一的规则是棉花糖 |
| 579 | has to go on the top. | 得去顶上. |
| 580 | And the interesting | 还有有趣的事 |
| 581 | thing were the groups that Peter chose. | 彼得选择的团体 |
| 582 | He chose groups of CEOs, | 他选择了一组CEO |
| 583 | groups of lawyers, groups of | 律师、律师和律师团体 |
| 584 | MBA 学生和 | |
| 585 | kindergartners. | 幼儿园。 |
| 586 | And he gave them | 他给了他们 |
| 587 | 15 minutes, ready, set, go. | 15分钟,准备,准备,开始 |
| 588 | And all the adult groups | 所有成年人群体 |
| 589 | started the same way. | 开始的方式是一样的。 |
| 590 | They | 他们 |
| 591 | talked. | 说话了 |
| 592 | They talked. | 他们说话了。 |
| 593 | They had someone who would have an idea | 他们有个想法 |
| 594 | like, oh, I have an idea of how we could build it. | 喜欢,哦,我有一个想法 如何建造它。 |
| 595 | And then they would improve on that idea | 然后他们会改进这个想法 |
| 596 | and then they would divide up into roles and they'd | 然后他们就会分成角色 |
| 597 | start to build according to their plan. | 开始按照他们的计划建造。 |
| 598 | And it looked awesome. | 它看起来真棒。 |
| 599 | It looked smart. | 看起来很聪明 |
| 600 | It looked | 看起来 |
| 601 | collaborative. | 协作。 |
| 602 | It looked beautiful. | 它看起来很漂亮。 |
| 603 | Kindergartners didn't do that. | 幼儿园没有做到这一点。 |
| 604 | Kindergartners, they ate | 幼儿园,他们吃了 |
| 605 | every marshmallow except for one. | 每个棉花糖 除了一个 |
| 606 | And then they just started jamming pieces together | 然后他们开始一起干扰 |
| 607 | like hand over hand, no plan, | 像手掌,没有计划, |
| 608 | total chaos. | 完全混乱。 |
| 609 | And if you had to bet | 如果你必须下注 |
| 610 | your annual salary | 您的年薪 |
| 611 | on which team would win, | 在哪个队伍中获胜, |
| 612 | most of us would bet on one of the adult | 我们大多数人会赌一个成年人 |
| 613 | teams. | 团队。 |
| 614 | Because that's our model | 因为那是我们的模特儿 |
| 615 | of group performance. | 团队表现。 |
| 616 | We focus on what we | 我们专注于我们 |
| 617 | can see. | 看得出来 |
| 618 | And when we see | 当我们看到 |
| 619 | smooth, planned, | 平稳,有计划, |
| 620 | elegant, cooperative | 优雅、合作 |
| 621 | behavior, we assume it's going | 行为,我们假设它去 |
| 622 | to add up into good performance. | 再加上表现良好 |
| 623 | And when we see | 当我们看到 |
| 624 | chaos, we assume it's bad. | 混乱,我们假设它是坏的。 |
| 625 | But when we run the experiment, | 但当我们运行实验, |
| 626 | the kindergartners win. | 幼儿园赢了。 |
| 627 | Every single time. | 每次都这样 |
| 628 | Their | 他们的 |
| 629 | towers average 28 inches in height. | 塔身平均高度28英寸. |
| 630 | NBA为7强. | |
| 631 | The lawyers | 律师 |
| 632 | are 14. | 14岁 |
| 633 | 而CEO是21岁. | |
| 634 | They beat them over and over again. | 他们一次又一次地打败他们. |
| 635 | And it | 还有 |
| 636 | seems like an optical illusion. | 看来是幻觉 |
| 637 | You think, | 你觉得 |
| 638 | do it again, do it again. | 再来一次 再来一次 |
| 639 | But | 不过 |
| 640 | it's not an optical illusion. | 这不是幻觉 |
| 641 | Because it's not about how smart you are. | 因为这与你有多聪明无关 |
| 642 | It's about how safe you are. | 这是关于你有多安全。 |
| 643 | The adult groups are doing | 成年组正在做 |
| 644 | what humans can't help but do. | 人类不能不做的 |
| 645 | Managing status. | 管理状况。 |
| 646 | We manage our status. | 我们管理我们的地位。 |
| 647 | In every social group we manage | 我们管理着每个社会群体 |
| 648 | our status. | 我们的地位。 |
| 649 | It manifests as a whisper | 它表现为低语 |
| 650 | in our subconscious mind saying, | 在我们的潜意识中说, |
| 651 | is it okay to say that? | 可以这么说吗? |
| 652 | Like, who's in charge here? | 喜欢,谁在这里负责? |
| 653 | Are we being graded | 我们被分级了 |
| 654 | on this? | 这个? |
| 655 | And that whisper | 那个低语 |
| 656 | slows down iteration, | 减慢迭代, |
| 657 | slows down creativity. | 减慢了创造力。 |
| 658 | It | 这个 |
| 659 | self-silences us, right? | 自我沉闷,对不对? |
| 660 | Kindergartners are safer. | 幼儿园比较安全. |
| 661 | Nobody's trying to be CEO of Spaghetti | 没人想当意大利面条的首席执行官 |
| 662 | Incorporated. | 参会. |
| 663 | They're doing a complicated | 他们做的很复杂 |
| 664 | problem. | 问题。 |
| 665 | And what better way to do it | 还有更好的办法 |
| 666 | than to try stuff | 而不是尝试的东西 |
| 667 | and see what happens and then fix that | 看看会发生什么 然后修好它 |
| 668 | and then see what happens and then fix that? | 然后看看会发生什么 然后修复它? |
| 669 | They don't win because they're smart. | 其人因聪明不胜. |
| 670 | They win because they're safe. | 他们赢是因为安全 |
| 671 | And so | 这样 |
| 672 | every great culture that I | 每一个伟大的文化,我 |
| 673 | visited, I saw that same pattern | 我看过一样的图案 |
| 674 | where they weren't trying to be smart. | 在那里,他们不试图 聪明。 |
| 675 | They weren't trying to be like the adults. | 他们不想像成年人一样 |
| 676 | They were trying to be like the kindergartners. | 他们试图像 幼儿园。 |
| 677 | They were trying to create | 他们试图创造 |
| 678 | situations where people could try | 在人们可以尝试的情况下 |
| 679 | stuff, fail, and | 东西,失败,和 |
| 680 | learn. | 学习。 |
| 681 | And try stuff and get | 尝试一些东西,得到 |
| 682 | hand over hand, shoulder to shoulder, making | 手交手 肩对肩 做 |
| 683 | mistakes together and adding | 错误加在一起 |
| 684 | up to more performance, to | 达到更高的性能 |
| 685 | more experiments, to more learning. | 更多的实验,更多的学习。 |
| 686 | And the way safety gets delivered | 以及安全运送的方式 |
| 687 | in human groups, if you're not a kindergartner, | 在人类群落中,如果你不是一个 幼儿园, |
| 688 | is through belonging | 是通过归属 |
| 689 | cues. | 线索 |
| 690 | Belonging cues are simple, | 归属的提示很简单, |
| 691 | clear behaviors, | 明确的行为, |
| 692 | not just words, behaviors | 不只是言语和行为 |
| 693 | that send a signal, I care, | 发出一个信号,我在乎, |
| 694 | I see you, | 我看见你了 |
| 695 | we share a future, we are | 我们共享未来,我们是 |
| 696 | connected. | 连接。 |
| 697 | I'll tell you a story about | 我告诉你一个故事 |
| 698 | how those work. | 如何这些工作。 |
| 699 | There was a company | 有一个公司 |
| 700 | 名为Wipro. | |
| 701 | They were a call center. | 他们是一个呼叫中心。 |
| 702 | And like many call centers, | 像许多呼叫中心, |
| 703 | they struggled with retention. | 他们为保留而挣扎 |
| 704 | It's a hard job. | 勤修苦业. |
| 705 | People would leave. | 人们会离开。 |
| 706 | 于是Wipro回应 | |
| 707 | improving benefits, by | 提高效益,通过 |
| 708 | improving the campus, the call center | 改善校园,呼叫中心 |
| 709 | environment, by boosting | 环境,通过促进 |
| 710 | salary. | 薪金。 |
| 711 | None of it worked. | 都没用 |
| 712 | People kept leaving. | 人们总是离开。 |
| 713 | Until | 直至 |
| 714 | they did a one hour experiment. | 他们做了一个小时的实验 |
| 715 | And the experiment was really simple. | 实验非常简单。 |
| 716 | They took two groups of new hires, | 他们租了两组新人 |
| 717 | group A and group B. | A组和B组。 |
| 718 | Group A received a one | A组收到一个 |
| 719 | hour session where they learned | 他们学到的小时课 |
| 720 | the history of Wipro, they met a | 维普罗的历史 他们遇到了一个 |
| 721 | star performer, and at the end | 明星演员,最后 |
| 722 | they got a fleece shirt with Wipro | 他们和Wipro有一件豪华衬衫 |
| 723 | written on it. | 上面写着 |
| 724 | Group B, similar | B组,类似 |
| 725 | one hour, except they flipped it. | 一个小时, 除了他们翻了。 |
| 726 | In group B, the session wasn't | 在B组,会议不是 |
| 727 | 关于Wipro。 | |
| 728 | The session was about | 这次会议是关于 |
| 729 | the trainee. | 受训者。 |
| 730 | They asked the | 他们问 |
| 731 | trainee, hey, tell us what happens | 实习生,嘿,告诉我们发生了什么 |
| 732 | on your best day. | 在你最快乐的一天。 |
| 733 | Like on your best day, | 就像你最好的一天一样 |
| 734 | what's it like? | 怎么样? |
| 735 | Now, describe | 现在,描述一下 |
| 736 | your worst day. | 你的最糟糕的一天。 |
| 737 | Like tell me what your worst day | 像告诉我你最糟糕的一天 |
| 738 | is like. | 就是这样 |
| 739 | And then they said, alright, | 然后他们说,好吧, |
| 740 | thought experiment, we're on a desert island, we're | 思考实验,我们在荒岛,我们 |
| 741 | marooned for a month. | 一个月的酒 |
| 742 | What skills do you bring to our survival? | 你给我们的生存带来了什么技能? |
| 743 | And at the end, group B | 最后是B组 |
| 744 | got a sweatshirt, but instead of saying Wipro, | 有一件汗衫,但是不是说Wipro, |
| 745 | it had the trainee's name on it. | 上面有受训者的名字 |
| 746 | Then they let the clock spin six months. | 然后他们让钟旋转六个月。 |
| 747 | Retention in group B went up | B组留守率上升 |
| 748 | 300%。 300%。 | |
| 749 | Not because | 不是因为 |
| 750 | of some magic chemistry. | 一些魔法化学。 |
| 751 | Not because they had something happen from | 不是因为他们出了事 |
| 752 | the inside out, but because they had | 内在,但因为他们有 |
| 753 | received a crystal clear set of | 收到了一组水晶清晰的 |
| 754 | belonging cues. | 归属提示。 |
| 755 | Simple | 简单 |
| 756 | signals that say, hey, I see you. | 讯号表示,嘿,我看到你。 |
| 757 | We're connected. | 我们之间有联系 |
| 758 | We share a future. | 我们有一个共同的未来。 |
| 759 | I care. | 我关心 |
| 760 | And those | 还有那些 |
| 761 | signals are what allow you | 信号是允许你的 |
| 762 | to relax and what allow you | 放松和什么让你 |
| 763 | {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}什么让你能带满你 | |
| 764 | self to the situation. | 自己面对现实 |
| 765 | One of the places you can learn most is by going | 你最能学的地方之一是去 |
| 766 | to places that are the opposite of safe. | 到达安全的地方 |
| 767 | An environment that is exactly the opposite | 完全相反的环境 |
| 768 | of what the kindergartners are producing or | 以给养者所创造的,或 |
| 769 | what's happening in Wipro. | 在Wipro发生的事情。 |
| 770 | And one such | 还有这样一个 |
| 771 | example is the Minutemen Missileers. | 例如分钟导弹手。 |
| 772 | The nuclear officers that are spread across | 分散在各地的核军官 |
| 773 | the upper Midwest. | 中西部上层 |
| 774 | And their job | 他们的工作 |
| 775 | is to take care of the | 要照顾 |
| 776 | Minutemen missiles that are ready for | 准备发射的分钟导弹 |
| 777 | launch. | 发射 |
| 778 | To have the | 拥有 |
| 779 | possibility of launch always over their head. | 发射的可能性总是在他们的头上。 |
| 780 | To always be perfectly | 永远完美 |
| 781 | disciplined and drilled to execute | 纪律和操练 |
| 782 | their performance. | 他们的表现。 |
| 783 | But for years | 但多年来 |
| 784 | those | 这些 |
| 785 | crews were some of the worst performing | 机组人员表现最差 |
| 786 | in the Air Force. | 在空军。 |
| 787 | They were cheating | 他们出轨了 |
| 788 | on the tests. | 在测试。 |
| 789 | There were all kinds of drug | 有各种药物 |
| 790 | scandals. | 丑闻 |
| 791 | It was one of the worst performing | 这是最糟糕的表现之一 |
| 792 | crews. | 船员 |
| 793 | They were losing missiles, in fact. | 事实上,他们正在失去导弹。 |
| 794 | They lost track of one nuclear missile. | 他们失去了一枚核导弹的踪迹。 |
| 795 | And each time they would have a mistake | 每次他们都会犯错 |
| 796 | they would make the classic mistake | 他们会犯经典的错误 |
| 797 | of trying to control people more. | 试图控制更多的人。 |
| 798 | Trying to put more controls in. | 试图把更多的控制。 |
| 799 | More carrots, more sticks. | 更多的胡萝卜,更多的棍子。 |
| 800 | Force | 强制 |
| 801 | compliance. | 合规。 |
| 802 | And they're | 他们是 |
| 803 | making the classic leadership mistake | 犯了典型的领导错误 |
| 804 | is the more you control | 你控制得越厉害 |
| 805 | the worse you lead. | 更糟糕的是,你领导。 |
| 806 | That's a pattern that we've | 这就是我们的模式 |
| 807 | seen throughout the history | 整个历史 |
| 808 | of command and control. | 指挥与控制。 |
| 809 | And | 还有 |
| 810 | when they got a new set | 当他们有一套新的 |
| 811 | of leaders in, they | 他们的领袖,他们 |
| 812 | 类似 Wipro 的翻转 | |
| 813 | example where instead of being pushing | 例子 而不是被推 |
| 814 | pushing pushing and transmitting | 推动和传送 |
| 815 | they actually set about building community. | 他们实际上开始建设社区。 |
| 816 | Building a culture from the ground | 从地面建立文化 |
| 817 | up. | 起来 |
| 818 | Creating psychological | 创造心理学 |
| 819 | safety. | 保证安全 |
| 820 | Creating | 创建 |
| 821 | methods of feedback that brought | 产生反馈的方法 |
| 822 | problems to the surface rather | 问题是表面的 |
| 823 | than pushing them out of sight. | 而不是把他们赶离视线。 |
| 824 | We're | 我们是 |
| 825 | tempted to think, oh those are some bad | 想一想,哦,这些是坏的 |
| 826 | apples that are the | 这是苹果 |
| 827 | problem. | 问题。 |
| 828 | But in fact it's a bad environment. | 但事实上这是一个糟糕的环境. |
| 829 | And the more you try to | 你越试着 |
| 830 | control the worse you lead. | 控制你带领的越糟糕。 |
| 831 | The cool thing about building safety | 建筑安全 |
| 832 | is that like many of these changes | 就像很多这样的变化 |
| 833 | to flip an environment | 以翻转环境 |
| 834 | they're very subtle and small. | 他们非常微妙和小。 |
| 835 | It's a small signal. | 这是一个小信号。 |
| 836 | And a couple of my favorites. | 还有几首我最喜欢的歌 |
| 837 | There's the | 这是 |
| 838 | two line email. | 两行电子邮件。 |
| 839 | It's an email you send | 这是你发的邮件 |
| 840 | to people you work with. | 对你的同事 |
| 841 | And it has two | 它有两个 |
| 842 | lines. | 线条。 |
| 843 | This is an idea from Laszlo | 这是拉斯洛的主意 |
| 844 | Bach who ran HR at Google for some | 在Google为一些人运行HR的巴赫 |
| 845 | time. | 时间。 |
| 846 | You ask him | 你问他 |
| 847 | what's one thing you'd like me to | 你想让我做什么? |
| 848 | keep doing? | 继续做? |
| 849 | And what's one thing | 还有一件事 |
| 850 | you'd like me to stop doing? | 你要我停止行动吗? |
| 851 | Two lines. | 两行. |
| 852 | Very simple. | 非常简单。 |
| 853 | Very powerful | 非常厉害 |
| 854 | signal. | 信号 |
| 855 | I'm curious. | 我有点好奇 |
| 856 | Teach me. | 教我说. |
| 857 | Help | 帮助 |
| 858 | me. | 来啊 |
| 859 | We're going to be working together for a while here. | 我们要在这里合作一段时间 |
| 860 | I want to get better. | 我想好起来。 |
| 861 | And what you find | 还有你找到的 |
| 862 | is when you send that email it's a bit contagious. | 当你发邮件的时候 有点传染性 |
| 863 | More people will send that email out. | 会有更多人发邮件 |
| 864 | It'll become sort of a cascade. | 它会变成级联 |
| 865 | Another big one that's really simple | 又一个大,真的很简单 |
| 866 | is it was taught to me by a | 是被一个 |
| 867 | Navy SEAL commander. | 海军海豹突击队指挥官. |
| 868 | He pointed | 他说 |
| 869 | out that your face is like a door. | 你的脸就像一扇门 |
| 870 | It's got two | 有两个 |
| 871 | settings. | 设置。 |
| 872 | It can be open | 可以打开 |
| 873 | or it can be closed. | 或者可以关闭。 |
| 874 | We kind of know | 我们知道 |
| 875 | what closed looks like, right? | 关的是什么样子,对不对? |
| 876 | We got our | 我们得到了我们的 |
| 877 | brows down, our jaws set. | 低头,我们的下巴。 |
| 878 | We're | 我们是 |
| 879 | determined. | 决定。 |
| 880 | We've got kind of that Clint Eastwood. | 我们有种克林特伊斯特伍德。 |
| 881 | We're transmitting some message | 我们发送一些消息 |
| 882 | to someone. | 对某人。 |
| 883 | Open. | 打开 |
| 884 | This is your frontalis muscle. | 这是你的头肌。 |
| 885 | And it's probably the most important muscle | 这可能是最重要的肌肉 |
| 886 | in your body when it comes to communicating | 在你的身体,当它涉及到沟通 |
| 887 | curiosity, connection, | 好奇心,连接, |
| 888 | you know, energy, | 你知道吗,能量, |
| 889 | excitement, enthusiasm. | 兴奋,热情。 |
| 890 | This muscle, it doesn't really have much of | 这个肌肉,其实没有多少 |
| 891 | an evolutionary function. | 一个进化函数。 |
| 892 | It has a tremendous social | 它具有巨大的社会性 |
| 893 | function. | 函数。 |
| 894 | It might be the most important muscle | 这可能是最重要的肌肉 |
| 895 | you have, especially in a world where we're on Zoom | 你有过,特别是在一个世界,我们是在Zoom上 |
| 896 | calls more than ever. | 电话比任何时候都多。 |
| 897 | The last | 最后一个 |
| 898 | idea would say embrace | 想法会说拥抱 |
| 899 | the messenger. | 送信员。 |
| 900 | We're often told | 我们经常被告知 |
| 901 | that we should not shoot the messenger. | 我们不应该射杀使者。 |
| 902 | That's a pretty low bar, | 这是一个相当低的酒吧, |
| 903 | I think. | 我觉得 |
| 904 | What I see great leaders | 我所看到的伟大领袖 |
| 905 | doing when they're be given bad news, | 当他们得到坏消息时 |
| 906 | they actually celebrate that moment | 他们实际上庆祝那个时刻 |
| 907 | and they celebrate the person who brought | 他们赞颂他超绝万物, |
| 908 | them that bad news. | 他们的坏消息。 |
| 909 | It's not enough | 这还不够 |
| 910 | just not to shoot them, to actually say | 只是不拍他们,实际上说 |
| 911 | I know this is bad news | 我知道这是个坏消息 |
| 912 | and thank goodness you brought it to me. | 谢天谢地你带给我的 |
| 913 | It's almost like this is the moment where we're going to | 这几乎就像我们要去的时刻 |
| 914 | learn together. | 一起学 |
| 915 | This is a moment where we're actually going | 这是我们真正要去的地方 |
| 916 | to grow. | 成长。 |
| 917 | We actually are facing a truth | 我们面对的是事实 |
| 918 | together. | 一起来 |
| 919 | I was at a | 我当时在 |
| 920 | meeting recently with a Major League | 最近与一个大联盟举行会议 |
| 921 | baseball team. | 棒球队 |
| 922 | They were about | 他们约 |
| 923 | to make a big decision to hire a new | 做出一个大决定 雇用一个新的 |
| 924 | manager. | 经理 |
| 925 | At the last | 终于 |
| 926 | minute, there was one person in the | 一分钟,有一个人在 |
| 927 | room who brought a passionate argument | 带来热烈争论的房间 |
| 928 | against that. | 反对 |
| 929 | Absolutely | 当然 |
| 930 | derailed the meeting, stopped the action | 使会议脱轨,停止行动 |
| 931 | from happening. | 从发生。 |
| 932 | It was | 这是 |
| 933 | a really awkward finish to the meeting because everyone | 一个非常尴尬的会议结束 因为每个人都 |
| 934 | thought we were headed in this direction. | 以为我们朝这个方向去了 |
| 935 | The first thing the leader did, | 头儿做的第一件事 |
| 936 | the president did after that, was go | 之后总统就走了 |
| 937 | straight over to the person who had made the objection | 直接交给提出反对的人 |
| 938 | and thank them for it. | 并感谢他们。 |
| 939 | The person had derailed | 这个人出轨了 |
| 940 | the whole decision process. | 整个决策过程。 |
| 941 | The person had | 这个人 |
| 942 | stopped what everyone thought | 停止别人的想法 |
| 943 | was going to happen from happening. | 本来要发生的 |
| 944 | And the president said | 总统说 |
| 945 | thank you. | 谢谢 |
| 946 | And it really had an impact | 这真的有影响 |
| 947 | on everybody in that room. | 在房间里的每个人。 |
| 948 | It's not enough not to shoot the messenger, | 不射杀使者是不够的 |
| 949 | to actually say thank you is | 其实说谢谢你 |
| 950 | really an incredible | 真是不可思议 |
| 951 | cultural signal. | 文化信号. |
| 952 | The second | 第二个 |
| 953 | skill of building culture is sharing | 文化建设的技巧是共享的 |
| 954 | vulnerability. | 脆弱性。 |
| 955 | Now that we've established this | 现在,我们已经建立了这个 |
| 956 | foundation as safety, how are we going to | 作为安全的基础,我们如何去 |
| 957 | place the truth together? | 把真相放在一起吗? |
| 958 | How are we going to build a shared | 我们如何建立一个共享的 |
| 959 | consciousness? | 意识? |
| 960 | And the way to do that | 这样做的方式 |
| 961 | is to create these moments | 就是创造这些时刻 |
| 962 | of openness. | 开放。 |
| 963 | And they | 他们 |
| 964 | feel really weird. | 感觉很奇怪。 |
| 965 | My favorite | 我最喜欢的 |
| 966 | experiment with this is something called | 这个实验叫做 |
| 967 | the two minute experiment. | 两分钟的实验 |
| 968 | You take a bunch of | 你带一堆 |
| 969 | people, you divide them into two groups, and | 人们,你把他们分成两组, |
| 970 | they each pick a partner, turn to | 他们各自挑一个搭档,转身 |
| 971 | the person next to them, pick a partner. | 旁边的人,选择一个伴侣。 |
| 972 | Group | 组 |
| 973 | A gets to pick a | 一个可以选一个 |
| 974 | question, and the questions are | 问题是 |
| 975 | very kind of fact based. | 非常基于事实。 |
| 976 | It would say | 它会说 |
| 977 | talk about your favorite pop star, or | 谈论你最喜欢的流行明星,或 |
| 978 | talk about the last pet you owned. | 谈谈你最后的宠物 |
| 979 | A组 | |
| 980 | talks about those questions. | 谈论这些问题。 |
| 981 | B组 | |
| 982 | gets a different set of questions. | 得到不同的问题集。 |
| 983 | Questions | 问题 |
| 984 | are a little more personal. | 有点私人恩怨 |
| 985 | The questions | 问 题 |
| 986 | are like when was the last time you cried? | 你上次哭是什么时候? |
| 987 | Or is there something | 还是有什么 |
| 988 | you've always dreamed of doing? | 你一直梦想着做什么? |
| 989 | Why haven't you done it? | 你为什么不这样做? |
| 990 | Questions | 问题 |
| 991 | like that. | 像这样 |
| 992 | So Group B talks about those | 所以,B组谈论这些 |
| 993 | questions. | 问题。 |
| 994 | And what you find when you | 当你找到什么 |
| 995 | do this is the energy level on | 这是能量水平 |
| 996 | the two sides of the room is radically different. | 房间的两边完全不同 |
| 997 | Group A is talking normally, | A组正常说话 |
| 998 | exchanging facts and information. | 交流事实和信息。 |
| 999 | B组 | |
| 1000 | they're turning toward each other. | 他们向着对方转 |
| 1001 | Their | 他们的 |
| 1002 | voices are getting raised. | 声音越来越高了 |
| 1003 | They're leaning | 他们倾斜了 |
| 1004 | in. | 进去 |
| 1005 | They're laughing. | 他们在笑 |
| 1006 | They're animated. | 他们是动画。 |
| 1007 | There's a device | 有一个装置 |
| 1008 | called a sociometer that captures the | 叫做社会度量计,可以捕捉 |
| 1009 | texture of social interactions. | 社会互动的纹理。 |
| 1010 | And if | 如果 |
| 1011 | you had a sociometer on each side, | 你每边都有个社会测量仪 |
| 1012 | they'd be radically, radically different. | 它们会完全不同 |
| 1013 | The energy on this level is completely | 这一级的能量是完全的 |
| 1014 | different. | 不一样 |
| 1015 | The question is why? | 问题是为什么? |
| 1016 | Why does that little | 为什么这么小 |
| 1017 | personal question, when was the last time | 个人问题,最后一次是什么时候 |
| 1018 | you cried? | 你哭了吗? |
| 1019 | When is there something | 什么时候有东西 |
| 1020 | you've always dreamed of doing? | 你一直梦想着做什么? |
| 1021 | Why | 为什么 |
| 1022 | haven't you done it? | 你没做吗? |
| 1023 | You cannot | 你不能这样 |
| 1024 | answer those questions without creating a moment | 回答那些问题而不创造时间 |
| 1025 | of openness. | 开放。 |
| 1026 | Without creating | 不创建 |
| 1027 | a moment of genuine | 真实的时刻 |
| 1028 | openness and disclosure. | 公开和公开。 |
| 1029 | Without | 无 |
| 1030 | connecting. | 连接。 |
| 1031 | And that openness | 和开放 |
| 1032 | is what creates connection. | 是产生连接的原因。 |
| 1033 | What creates energy. | 创造能量的东西 |
| 1034 | And | 还有 |
| 1035 | what ultimately creates relationships | 最终产生关系的是什么 |
| 1036 | and trust. | 和信任,还有信任。 |
| 1037 | Which is kind of crazy. | 这有点疯狂。 |
| 1038 | Because we're always taught | 因为我们总是被教导 |
| 1039 | {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}并且训练我们建立 | |
| 1040 | up trust before we can be vulnerable. | 在我们变得脆弱之前 信任我们 |
| 1041 | The science shows we've got it exactly | 科学显示我们确实有 |
| 1042 | backwards. | 倒着 |
| 1043 | Moments of vulnerability, | 脆弱的时刻, |
| 1044 | when shared, | 当共享时, |
| 1045 | create trust, ignite connection, | 建立信任 点燃连接 |
| 1046 | ignite relationship. | 点燃关系。 |
| 1047 | In the original experiment, | 在原实验中, |
| 1048 | two strangers who were in group B | B组的两个陌生人 |
| 1049 | and began to talk about those deep questions | 并开始谈论这些深刻的问题 |
| 1050 | got married. | 结婚了。 |
| 1051 | So you gotta | 所以你必须 |
| 1052 | be careful who you do these questions with. | 小心你和谁做这些问题。 |
| 1053 | And what's fascinating about cultures | 以及文化的魅力 |
| 1054 | is that they don't treat those moments of vulnerability | 他们不处理这些脆弱的时刻 |
| 1055 | as something just organically happens. | 做一些有组织的事情 |
| 1056 | They actually | 他们其实 |
| 1057 | engineer them. | 给他们设计 |
| 1058 | They treat them more like a | 他们更像一个 |
| 1059 | calisthenic. | 卡利斯尼克语。 |
| 1060 | We're gonna circle up | 我们要绕圈子 |
| 1061 | and we're gonna talk about the truth. | 我们要谈谈真相 |
| 1062 | We're gonna see what's going on here. | '么则见此经也. |
| 1063 | We're going to share and create | 我们要分享和创造 |
| 1064 | a shared consciousness around these | 周围的共同意识 |
| 1065 | hard things we're doing together. | 我们一起做艰难的事 |
| 1066 | Like a | 就像一个 |
| 1067 | calisthenic, it burns. | 卡利斯尼克,它燃烧。 |
| 1068 | It hurts. | 痛甚. 师曰. |
| 1069 | Right? | 对吧? |
| 1070 | And like a calisthenic, | 和像卡利塞尼语, |
| 1071 | it makes you better. | 这让你更好。 |
| 1072 | One of the guys who was the best at explaining | 一个最擅长解释的人 |
| 1073 | this was a man named Dave Cooper. | 这个人叫戴夫·库珀 |
| 1074 | Dave Cooper commanded the troops that got bin Laden. | 戴夫·库珀指挥了得到本·拉登的部队. |
| 1075 | And when I had breakfast | 当我吃早餐时 |
| 1076 | with him, he said, the four most | 和他,他说,四个最 |
| 1077 | important words a leader can say | 重要的话,领导可以说 |
| 1078 | are, I screwed | 是,我他妈的 |
| 1079 | that up. | 起来 |
| 1080 | Why is that? | 为什么? |
| 1081 | That's kind of a remarkable thing | 这真是了不起 |
| 1082 | for a great leader of kind of an invincible | 对于一个伟大的领袖 一种不可战胜 |
| 1083 | group to say. | 组说。 |
| 1084 | But when you look | 但当你看 |
| 1085 | at it through the lens of vulnerability, what that is, | 从脆弱的角度来说,这就是, |
| 1086 | it's an invitation to say, | 这是邀请说, |
| 1087 | yeah, we're all gonna talk about those things | 是啊,我们都要去谈论那些东西 |
| 1088 | together. | 一起来 |
| 1089 | The SEALs | 海豹突击队 |
| 1090 | are really good at it. | 真的很厉害 |
| 1091 | They've | 他们已经 |
| 1092 | operationalized it into what they call an | 把它变成所谓的 |
| 1093 | AAR 行动后 | |
| 1094 | review. | 审查。 |
| 1095 | Whenever they do a | 无论何时 |
| 1096 | mission or finish a training run, | 任务或完成训练, |
| 1097 | the first thing they do before eating, | 他们吃饭前做的第一件事 |
| 1098 | before sleeping, is they | 在睡觉之前,他们是不是 |
| 1099 | circle up and they ask three | 环绕起来,他们问三个 |
| 1100 | tough questions. | 困难的问题。 |
| 1101 | What went | 发生了什么事 |
| 1102 | well? | 怎么样? |
| 1103 | What didn't go | 什么没有去 |
| 1104 | well? | 怎么样? |
| 1105 | And what are we gonna do differently? | 我们该怎么办? |
| 1106 | Really simple questions, really | 很简单的问题,真的 |
| 1107 | powerful questions. | 强大的问题。 |
| 1108 | But in that conversation, | 但是在谈话中 |
| 1109 | people are saying, I screwed up. | 人们说,我搞砸了。 |
| 1110 | I think you screwed up. | 我觉得你搞砸了。 |
| 1111 | What, I | 或 |
| 1112 | think that was right. | 认为这是正确的。 |
| 1113 | And they have this | 他们有这个 |
| 1114 | conversation of real | 真实的对话 |
| 1115 | vulnerability where they create a shared | 造成共同脆弱性 |
| 1116 | awareness of what they're actually trying to do | 了解他们到底想做什么 |
| 1117 | and get a little bit better. | 和得到一点点好。 |
| 1118 | It's almost like groups are sort of, | 这几乎就像团体 排序, |
| 1119 | they get stronger the same way our bodies | 他们变强了 就像我们的身体一样 |
| 1120 | get stronger, which is by | 变强,就是 |
| 1121 | enduring these moments | 忍受这些时刻 |
| 1122 | of kind of a test, right? | 某种测试,对不对? |
| 1123 | We get stronger when we do hard things together | 我们一起做艰难的事就会变得更强 |
| 1124 | and groups get stronger when they do | 并且团体越发强大 |
| 1125 | hard emotional things together. | 感情上很艰难 |
| 1126 | Places that really do this well, | 真正做这种好事的地方 |
| 1127 | they tend to focus on | 他们往往专注于 |
| 1128 | small group conversation. | 小型团体对话. |
| 1129 | They'll do | 他们会做的 |
| 1130 | just like the SEALs do with an AAR. | 和海豹突击队一样 |
| 1131 | They circle up and they talk about | 他们环绕起来谈论 |
| 1132 | what happened. | 发生了什么事。 |
| 1133 | And when you see | 当你看到 |
| 1134 | that same pattern of taking | 同样的接受方式 |
| 1135 | action and then doing something | 动作然后做一些事情 |
| 1136 | that's difficult for most groups to do, | 大多数团体都很难做到 |
| 1137 | to pause and really assess | 暂停并真正评估 |
| 1138 | and connect. | 和连接。 |
| 1139 | And those assessments | 这些评估 |
| 1140 | often are not led by the | 通常没有领导 |
| 1141 | leader. | 队长 |
| 1142 | They're often led by people | 他们经常由人领导 |
| 1143 | who are lower on the totem pole. | 他们低在图腾柱上。 |
| 1144 | Why is vulnerability so important? | 为什么脆弱性如此重要? |
| 1145 | You know, that's a good question. | 问得好 |
| 1146 | Can't we just sort of build | 我们不能只是 那种建设 |
| 1147 | safety and do stuff and figure that? | 安全,做一些事情 并想出这一点? |
| 1148 | The purpose of creating a safe | 创建保险箱的目的 |
| 1149 | environment is not just to make people feel | 环境不仅仅是让人觉得 |
| 1150 | safe, it's to give people the courage to | 安全,这是给人们勇气 |
| 1151 | speak out. | 说出来。 |
| 1152 | There was a great moment | 有一个伟大的时刻 |
| 1153 | in the NBA Finals back in 2015. | 在2015年NBA总决赛中回击. |
| 1154 | The Golden State Warriors were losing to | 金州勇士队输给了 |
| 1155 | the Cleveland Cavaliers that nobody could defend LeBron. | 克里夫兰骑兵队 没人能保卫勒布朗 |
| 1156 | And so the Golden State | 因此,金国 |
| 1157 | Warriors had a meeting and they were | 勇士们开了个会,他们 |
| 1158 | saying, how can we defend LeBron? | 说,我们怎么保护勒布朗? |
| 1159 | And the video intern | 和视频实习生 |
| 1160 | at the meeting raised his hand | 在会议上举起手来 |
| 1161 | with a suggestion. | 有个建议 |
| 1162 | And it turned | 变了 |
| 1163 | out to be a really smart idea. | 是一个非常聪明的主意。 |
| 1164 | And they used it | 他们用它 |
| 1165 | and they defended LeBron better and they won | 他们为勒布朗辩护得更好,他们赢了 |
| 1166 | the series. | 这一系列。 |
| 1167 | The interesting part | 有趣的内容 |
| 1168 | of that story is not the moment the video | 那个故事不是视频的瞬间 |
| 1169 | intern shares the idea. | 实习生也有这个想法。 |
| 1170 | It's the million moments before | 之前的百万时刻 |
| 1171 | that gave him | 给了他 |
| 1172 | permission to raise his hand. | 允许他举手 |
| 1173 | It's how many little interactions | 是多少小互动 |
| 1174 | did he have with the players, with the | 他有没有和球员,与 |
| 1175 | coaching staff that he felt | 指导工作人员,他觉得 |
| 1176 | courage enough to | 足够勇气 |
| 1177 | raise his hand and share that idea. | 举起手来分享这个想法。 |
| 1178 | Those moments are where | 这些时刻就是 |
| 1179 | safety and vulnerability really start to | 安全和脆弱性真正开始 |
| 1180 | play. | 游戏。 |
| 1181 | The purpose of safety | 安全的目的 |
| 1182 | is to let people be vulnerable. | 让人们变得脆弱 |
| 1183 | So you can't have one without the other and that's | 所以,你不能有一个 没有另一个,这就是 |
| 1184 | why they're so powerful together. | 为什么他们在一起这么强大 |
| 1185 | Because that moment of safety, that moment | 因为那个安全的时刻,那个时刻 |
| 1186 | of connection lets you reach with courage | 连接中,您可以勇敢地到达 |
| 1187 | and step into uncertainty | 进入不确定状态 |
| 1188 | like that video intern did. | 就像那个视频实习生做的。 |
| 1189 | Which makes you feel more connected. | 这让你感觉更紧密 |
| 1190 | And that's what great culture is, those moments | 这就是伟大的文化,那些时刻 |
| 1191 | of feeling so connected | 感觉如此相连 |
| 1192 | that you can speak out and that deepens your | 你可以直言不讳 并加深你的 |
| 1193 | connection. | 连接。 |
| 1194 | We started with safety, | 我们从安全开始 |
| 1195 | the foundational skill, then vulnerability, | 基础技能,然后脆弱, |
| 1196 | which creates action. | 它创造了行动。 |
| 1197 | And now | 现在 |
| 1198 | we've got a question. | 我们有一个问题。 |
| 1199 | How do we figure out our | 我们如何找到我们的 |
| 1200 | direction? | 方向吗? |
| 1201 | And that's the third skill, | 这是第三个技能, |
| 1202 | establishing purpose. | 确定目标。 |
| 1203 | We see | 我们明白了 |
| 1204 | purpose sort of written in mission statements and we | 目的 那种写在任务说明 我们 |
| 1205 | see it on the walls and we see it | 在墙上看到,我们看到它 |
| 1206 | as like these | 像这样 |
| 1207 | big statements, these big north stars we're | 这些北大明星 |
| 1208 | moving toward. | 向前进。 |
| 1209 | What I find in high | 我在高处找到的 |
| 1210 | performing groups is that they're much more | 表演团体就是他们更 |
| 1211 | skilled at creating the lower | 具备创建下层技术 |
| 1212 | case P purpose. | 案例P目的。 |
| 1213 | What's our | 什么是我们的 |
| 1214 | purpose as this team | 作为本团队的目的 |
| 1215 | right now in this space? | 现在在这个空间里? |
| 1216 | A lot of them will have these moments where they | 很多人会有这些时刻 |
| 1217 | {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}会一起来讨论他们为什么这么做 | |
| 1218 | the task right now. | 现在的任务。 |
| 1219 | I've seen | 我见过 |
| 1220 | groups call it a process called teaming. | 团体称它为"团队合作"的过程. |
| 1221 | The teaming process begins with | 团队协作过程始于 |
| 1222 | coming together and talking about the why. | 一起讨论原因 |
| 1223 | Talking about what's our ideal end | 说到我们的理想结局 |
| 1224 | state here and why does this matter? | 和这有什么关系? |
| 1225 | Getting personal about what we're energized | 以个人的名义谈论我们被激起的活力 |
| 1226 | by and what we're de-energized by. | 和我们失去活力的东西。 |
| 1227 | And that moment of bringing the team together to | 而那个把团队聚集在一起的时刻 |
| 1228 | talk about that stuff lets them create | 说到那些让他们创造的东西 |
| 1229 | their own sense of purpose for this project. | 他们对于这个项目的目的感。 |
| 1230 | They're not doing it for the | 他们这样做不是为了 |
| 1231 | big pie in the sky | 大饼在天空 |
| 1232 | long distance thing. | 长距离的事情。 |
| 1233 | They're doing it for each other | 他们是为了彼此 |
| 1234 | and they're doing it to solve a problem together. | 他们这样做是为了一起解决问题 |
| 1235 | And often times on the | 经常出现在 |
| 1236 | best teams, the purpose | 最佳团队,目的 |
| 1237 | often can end up being each other. | 经常会变成彼此 |
| 1238 | The relationships on the team. | 团队的关系。 |
| 1239 | If you talk to great teams about why | 如果你和伟大的团队谈论为什么 |
| 1240 | they do things, they will inevitably talk about | 他们做一些事情, 他们不可避免地谈论 |
| 1241 | doing it to be a teammate. | 为了当队友 |
| 1242 | To be | 成为 |
| 1243 | a great teammate. | 一个伟大的队友。 |
| 1244 | To support the | 支持 |
| 1245 | people next to them. | 他们旁边的人 |
| 1246 | There's something | 有东西 |
| 1247 | about turning toward hard problems with | 转向困难的问题 |
| 1248 | people we like and admire that is | 我们喜欢和敬仰的人 |
| 1249 | addictive. | 上瘾 |
| 1250 | And I think great cultures | 我认为伟大的文化 |
| 1251 | tap in to that feeling, | 那种感觉 |
| 1252 | that energy we get. | 我们得到的能量。 |
| 1253 | There's nothing like | 没有什么像 |
| 1254 | turning toward hard problems with people | 转而与人困难的问题 |
| 1255 | that we admire. | 我们钦佩。 |
| 1256 | And so | 这样 |
| 1257 | finding spaces where people can | 寻找人们可以使用的空间 |
| 1258 | create those kind of cohesive teams | 创建这种团结的团队 |
| 1259 | is really an important part of | 真正是其中重要一环 |
| 1260 | purpose. | 目标。 |
| 1261 | The other thing about | 还有一件事 |
| 1262 | creating purpose is that | 创建目的就是 |
| 1263 | you can't talk about it too much. | 你不能说太多。 |
| 1264 | I went into my research thinking that | 我进入我的研究 认为 |
| 1265 | purpose would be something kind of in | 目的应该是某种 |
| 1266 | people's heart and they wouldn't necessarily | 人们的心,他们不一定 |
| 1267 | talk about it very much. | 说甚么. |
| 1268 | But what I found | 但我发现了 |
| 1269 | was the opposite. | 情况恰恰相反。 |
| 1270 | In a lot of the high-performing | 在很多高考成绩 |
| 1271 | cultures that I visited, | 我参观过的文化, |
| 1272 | they would talk about it all the time. | 他们会一直谈论它。 |
| 1273 | At Pixar they would always talk about the culture. | 在皮克斯,他们总是谈论文化。 |
| 1274 | The Navy SEALs are always talking about | 海豹突击队一直在谈论 |
| 1275 | the only easy day was yesterday | 唯一轻松的一天是昨天 |
| 1276 | and we shoot, move, and communicate. | 我们开枪 行动 交流 |
| 1277 | And we're the quiet | 我们是安静的 |
| 1278 | professionals. | 专业人员。 |
| 1279 | They actually can't | 他们实际上不能 |
| 1280 | shut up about how quiet they are. | 闭上你的嘴,他们有多安静。 |
| 1281 | I'm reminded of a study they did where they | 我还记得他们在那里做的一项研究 |
| 1282 | 问CEO, | |
| 1283 | how many people can name the top three priorities | 有多少人可以指名列前三 |
| 1284 | of your organization? | 你的组织? |
| 1285 | And they thought about it and they estimated. | 他们考虑过并估计了。 |
| 1286 | They estimated 64% could | 他们估计64%可以 |
| 1287 | name the top three priorities. | 指定三个优先事项。 |
| 1288 | And then they surveyed the people. | 然后他们调查了人民 |
| 1289 | It turned out to be 3%. | 结果只有3% |
| 1290 | 3%. | 百分之三,请讲 |
| 1291 | So we routinely | 所以我们是例行公事 |
| 1292 | overrate | 过高 |
| 1293 | the clarity factor. | 明确因素。 |
| 1294 | And so I think one of the reasons that these | 所以我想出一个原因 |
| 1295 | cheesy mantras, these | 俗语,这些 |
| 1296 | cheesy repetitions, always | 俗气的重复,总是 |
| 1297 | are brought in is because | 被带进来是因为 |
| 1298 | they stick in your head and because they work | 它们粘在你的脑袋里 因为他们工作 |
| 1299 | and because they make it vivid | 因为他们使它生动 |
| 1300 | in times where we're constantly | 我们经常在一起的时候 |
| 1301 | being pulled different directions. | 被调用不同的方向。 |
| 1302 | Having a good | 玩得开心点 |
| 1303 | cheesy saying like quiet professional | 俗气地说 像安静的专业 |
| 1304 | works. | 工作时 |
| 1305 | One of the best | 最好的一个 |
| 1306 | stories about that that I know has to do with | 我知道的故事 与 |
| 1307 | Danny Meyer. | 丹尼・迈耶 |
| 1308 | Danny | 丹尼尔 |
| 1309 | Meyer opened a restaurant in New York. | 梅耶在纽约开了一家餐馆. |
| 1310 | 他现在经营Shake Shack. | |
| 1311 | He's opened | 他打开了 |
| 1312 | 22 restaurants. | 22家餐厅. |
| 1313 | He's | 琌 |
| 1314 | sort of the Pixar of the restaurant world I would | 那种皮克斯 餐厅世界,我会 |
| 1315 | say. | 说吧 |
| 1316 | He opened his first restaurant. | 他开了第一家餐厅 |
| 1317 | It was | 这是 |
| 1318 | successful. | 已经成功。 |
| 1319 | He opened his second | 他打开了他的第二个 |
| 1320 | restaurant and they both started | 餐厅,他们都开始了 |
| 1321 | to fail because he | 失败是因为他 |
| 1322 | couldn't be in both places. | 不可能在两个地方 |
| 1323 | When he was in the room, you knew | 他在房间里的时候 你知道 |
| 1324 | what proficiency was. | 熟练是什么。 |
| 1325 | Everyone | 每个人 |
| 1326 | looked at him. | 看着他 |
| 1327 | Everyone knew how to behave. | 每个人都知道怎么做 |
| 1328 | Everyone knew what mattered. | 每个人都知道什么是最重要的。 |
| 1329 | But when he couldn't be in both restaurants, | 但是当他不能在两家餐厅时 |
| 1330 | they both started to fail. | 他们都开始失败了。 |
| 1331 | And that's where he did | 他就是在这里 |
| 1332 | something really smart when it comes to | 一件很聪明的事 |
| 1333 | building a culture of proficiency. | 建设精通文化. |
| 1334 | He closed both restaurants and went on a | 他关闭了两家餐馆 然后继续 |
| 1335 | retreat. | 退缩 |
| 1336 | And he started building | 他开始建造 |
| 1337 | what he called a mantra map. | 他所说的万能地图 |
| 1338 | Which was distilling | 这是蒸馏 |
| 1339 | all the key behaviors | 所有关键行为 |
| 1340 | of his culture into a series | 他的文化发展成一系列 |
| 1341 | of catchphrases. | 口语 |
| 1342 | They were really kind of cheesy catchphrases. | 他们真是俗语 |
| 1343 | It was | 这是 |
| 1344 | like the excellence reflex. | 像优秀的反射。 |
| 1345 | Mistakes are | 错误是 |
| 1346 | waves. | 波涛. |
| 1347 | Servers are | 服务器是 |
| 1348 | surfers of those waves. | 这些浪的冲浪者。 |
| 1349 | The road to success | 成功之路 |
| 1350 | is paved with mistakes | 被错误铺平 |
| 1351 | well-handled. | 处理得很好 |
| 1352 | Loving problems. | 喜欢的问题。 |
| 1353 | Those were all the kind of mantras. | 那些都是那种漫画 |
| 1354 | And those seemed kind of cheesy at first, right? | 一开始看起来有点俗气,对吧? |
| 1355 | Excellence | 卓越 |
| 1356 | reflex, loving problems, athletic hospitality. | 反射 爱情问题 体育招待 |
| 1357 | But I was | 不过,我是 |
| 1358 | having breakfast with Danny Meyer | 和丹尼·迈耶一起吃早餐 |
| 1359 | one day in one of his restaurants. | 一天在他的一家餐馆。 |
| 1360 | And in the corner of the restaurant, | 在餐厅的角落里 |
| 1361 | somebody dropped a tray of glasses on | 有人把一盘眼镜扔了 |
| 1362 | the floor. | 倒 |
| 1363 | And Danny Meyer stopped talking to | 丹尼·迈耶不再和他说话 |
| 1364 | me and he started looking in the corner. | 我和他开始寻找角落。 |
| 1365 | And I said | 我说 |
| 1366 | what are you looking for? | 你们在找什么? |
| 1367 | And he said | 他说 |
| 1368 | one of two things is about to happen. | 有两件事要发生 |
| 1369 | Either this restaurant is going to come | 这家餐厅要么就来 |
| 1370 | together and they're going to clean up | 他们一起清理 |
| 1371 | this mess together and the energy level is | 这混乱在一起,能量水平是 |
| 1372 | going to go up. | 上楼去。 |
| 1373 | Or | 或者说 |
| 1374 | there's going to be some hint of anger and | 会有某种愤怒 |
| 1375 | blame, resentment, and the energy level is going | 责备 怨恨 能量水平正在下降 |
| 1376 | to drop. | 掉下来。 |
| 1377 | Lip mist test. | 唇雾试验. |
| 1378 | As it happened, they came together, | 当事情发生时,他们走到一起, |
| 1379 | it went up, and it really put a | 它升起来,它真的放 |
| 1380 | spotlight on how | 关注如何 |
| 1381 | genius his | 天才,他是谁? |
| 1382 | mantra map is. | 曼茶罗地图是. |
| 1383 | Culture doesn't | 文化不会 |
| 1384 | happen when things are smooth. | 当事情变得平稳的时候 就会发生 |
| 1385 | Culture happens when there's a moment of | 文化发生的时候,有一刻 |
| 1386 | adversity. | 逆境。 |
| 1387 | And when there's a moment of adversity, | 而当有 时的逆境, |
| 1388 | it is very helpful to have a compass. | 有个指南针很有帮助 |
| 1389 | It is | 没错 |
| 1390 | very helpful to have a map of | 很有帮助有一个地图 |
| 1391 | mantras. | 曼茶罗. |
| 1392 | Athletic | 运动员 |
| 1393 | hospitality. | 招待费。 |
| 1394 | Loving | 爱 |
| 1395 | problems. | 问题 |
| 1396 | The road | 道路 |
| 1397 | to success is | 成功与否 |
| 1398 | paved with mistakes well | 错都弄好了 |
| 1399 | handled. | 处理。 |
| 1400 | That's not | 这不是 |
| 1401 | cheesy. | 俗语. |
| 1402 | That's genius. | 这是天才。 |
| 1403 | And so building that | 如此的建设 |
| 1404 | kind of language. | 一种语言。 |
| 1405 | Language is immensely | 语言是巨大的 |
| 1406 | powerful when it comes to | 当它涉及到 |
| 1407 | sending a lighthouse beam of clarity | 发灯塔的光束清晰 |
| 1408 | {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}就是熟练程度 | |
| 1409 | And so creating, getting your team together | 所以创造,让你的团队团结 |
| 1410 | and building your own mantra map | 和建立自己的漫画地图 |
| 1411 | ends up being one of the most | 最终成为最伟大的 |
| 1412 | powerful things you can do. | 强大的事情你可以做。 |
| 1413 | Because you already | 因为你已经 |
| 1414 | know what challenges you are going to face. | 知道你将面临什么挑战。 |
| 1415 | It's not a mystery. | 这不是一个谜。 |
| 1416 | If you're a | 如果你是一个 |
| 1417 | trauma team, if you're a high school teacher, | 创伤小组 如果你是高中老师 |
| 1418 | if you're a tech worker, you know | 如果你是技术工人,你知道 |
| 1419 | what those challenges are going to | 这些挑战将如何 |
| 1420 | be. | 将。 |
| 1421 | So why not anticipate that? | 那为什么不预料到呢? |
| 1422 | Why not talk about the kinds of responses you think | 为什么不谈谈你认为什么反应 |
| 1423 | you should have? | 你应该有? |
| 1424 | Why not create a mantra | 为何不创造出一个漫画 |
| 1425 | with your team? | 与你的团队? |
| 1426 | The other thing you do | 还有一件事 |
| 1427 | is storytelling. | 讲故事。 |
| 1428 | Stories | 故事 |
| 1429 | are so powerful. | 如此强大。 |
| 1430 | Stories are | 故事为: |
| 1431 | the most powerful drug ever created. | 有史以来最强大的药物。 |
| 1432 | Stories stick in your head 22 | 故事插进你的脑海 22 |
| 1433 | times better than data | 比数据更好的时间 |
| 1434 | does. | 当然 |
| 1435 | And so when there is | 所以当有 |
| 1436 | a story to be told, | 一个故事要讲述, |
| 1437 | treating that as a little | 把它当作是一点点 |
| 1438 | nugget, as a little piece of gold, as | 小金块,作为小金块 |
| 1439 | a little radio station you can broadcast | 一个小电台,你可以播放 |
| 1440 | into your group. | 进入你的团队。 |
| 1441 | I know a lot of tech groups that | 我知道很多技术团体 |
| 1442 | {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}他们周末会聚在一起 | |
| 1443 | 并称为CSWD | |
| 1444 | meeting. | 会议。 |
| 1445 | Cool stuff | 酷东西 |
| 1446 | we do. | и穦 |
| 1447 | And they're just sharing cool | 他们只是分享酷 |
| 1448 | ideas that they've heard. | 他们听到的想法。 |
| 1449 | Cool stuff we do. | 酷毙了 |
| 1450 | 来个CSD | |
| 1451 | meeting. | 会议。 |
| 1452 | Simple stories | 简单的故事 |
| 1453 | that can be shared and that can help people | 可以分享和帮助人们 |
| 1454 | navigate. | 导航 |
| 1455 | Stories are navigational | 故事是导航的 |
| 1456 | tools. | 工具。 |
| 1457 | Another one are symbols. | 另一个是符号。 |
| 1458 | Symbols are important. | 符号很重要。 |
| 1459 | Symbols capture things that can't be | 符号抓取不可能的东西 |
| 1460 | captured in words. | 以文字来捕捉。 |
| 1461 | There's a reason | 有个原因 |
| 1462 | that every belief system in the world | 世界上每一个信仰体系 |
| 1463 | uses symbols because they're | 使用符号,因为它们是 |
| 1464 | powerful. | 强势。 |
| 1465 | If you walk in | 如果你走进来 |
| 1466 | to the headquarters of the San Antonio | 圣安东尼奥总部 |
| 1467 | Spurs,最成功的NBA之一 | |
| 1468 | organizations on the planet over the last 30 | 在过去30年中 |
| 1469 | years, you walk in and you see | 几年,你走进来,你看 |
| 1470 | a rock and a hammer sitting there | 石头和锤子坐在那里 |
| 1471 | behind glass case. | 在玻璃箱后面,我看见了 |
| 1472 | Just a big rock | 只是一块大石头 |
| 1473 | and a big old hammer. | 还有一把大锤子 |
| 1474 | It comes | 来了 |
| 1475 | from a story that the coach, Greg | 从一个故事,教练,格雷格 |
| 1476 | Popovich, saw years ago. | 波波维奇,多年前见过 |
| 1477 | It was about a granite | 是关于花岗岩的 |
| 1478 | quarryman who's pounding | 敲门的采石人 |
| 1479 | on a rock with a sledgehammer and someone | 在一块石头上,有一个大锤和某人 |
| 1480 | comes along and says, why do you keep pounding that | 开始说,你为什么一直打 |
| 1481 | rock? | 石头? |
| 1482 | And he said, when the rock splits | 他说,当岩石裂开时, |
| 1483 | I will not know if it is the | 我不知道这是不是 |
| 1484 | last blow or all the blows that came | 最后的一击或所有的一击 |
| 1485 | before that did it. | 在此之前,它做到了。 |
| 1486 | That's a story that he tells | 这是他的故事 |
| 1487 | in the group and he makes that story come | 他把故事写出来 |
| 1488 | alive every time the players come in, every time | 每次玩家进来,每次都活着 |
| 1489 | they leave, what do they see? | 他们走了,他们看到了什么? |
| 1490 | What's the | 怎么样 |
| 1491 | San Antonio Spurs的漫画? | |
| 1492 | Pound the rock. | 敲石头. |
| 1493 | So | 这么说 |
| 1494 | these things, turning our | 这些东西,转动我们 |
| 1495 | behaviors into language that | 语言中的行为 |
| 1496 | can be shared, that can be | 可以分享,这可以是 |
| 1497 | spotlighted, that can be celebrated, | 聚光灯,这可以庆祝, |
| 1498 | and not just good stories | 不仅仅是好故事 |
| 1499 | by the way, the bad stories matter | 顺便说一句,坏故事很重要 |
| 1500 | too. | 也一样。 |
| 1501 | Telling stories about the disasters | 讲述灾难的故事 |
| 1502 | that happened, about the mistakes | 发生了,关于错误 |
| 1503 | people made, that is perhaps | 人造的,也许 |
| 1504 | even more powerful in helping | 更强大的帮助 |
| 1505 | us navigate. | 我们来导航 |
| 1506 | Because when it comes navigating | 因为当它来到航海 |
| 1507 | knowing where to go is really good | 知道去哪里真的不错 |
| 1508 | and knowing where not to go is even better. | 并且知道哪里不去更好。 |
| 1509 | So as you build safety at the bottom | 所以当你在底部建立安全 |
| 1510 | that's the connective function, safety. | 这是连接功能,安全。 |
| 1511 | Do I belong? | 我属于谁? |
| 1512 | Do I | 我确实 |
| 1513 | have a place here? | 这里有地方吗? |
| 1514 | Do I have a future? | 我有前途吗? |
| 1515 | Do we care about each other? | 我们关心对方吗? |
| 1516 | Upon | 开始 |
| 1517 | that we add sharing | 我们添加共享 |
| 1518 | vulnerability. | 脆弱性。 |
| 1519 | Are we telling the truth? | 我们说的是实话吗? |
| 1520 | Do we have a shared consciousness? | 我们有共同的意识吗? |
| 1521 | Are we | 难道我们 |
| 1522 | hiding and avoiding or are we facing problems | 躲起来躲起来 或者我们正面临问题 |
| 1523 | together? | 一起吗? |
| 1524 | And then finally | 终于 |
| 1525 | how do we handle direction? | 我们如何处理方向? |
| 1526 | We do that with a really clear | 我们这样做非常清楚 |
| 1527 | north star of purpose. | 目的的北方之星 (中文(简体) ). |
| 1528 | So cultures | 文化也一样 |
| 1529 | are these living feedback | 这些是活的反馈 |
| 1530 | spirals that are moving in | 正在移动的螺旋 |
| 1531 | search of some north star. | 寻找北方恒星 |
| 1532 | So it's | 所以这是 |
| 1533 | a set of living relationships | 一套生活关系 |
| 1534 | establishing safety, sharing vulnerability | 建立安全,分担脆弱性 |
| 1535 | and moving toward that purpose. | 并朝着这个目标前进。 |
| 1536 | Chapter 3. | 第3章 国家 |
| 1537 | Flourishing | 浮动 |
| 1538 | and the hidden rules of human connection. | 还有人类联系的隐藏规则 |
| 1539 | We know that it's possible | 我们知道这有可能 |
| 1540 | to perform at a really high | 要在真正的高处表演 |
| 1541 | level and still have an empty life. | 水平和仍然有 空荡荡的生活。 |
| 1542 | We see those examples all | 我们都知道这些例子 |
| 1543 | around us. | 我们周围。 |
| 1544 | It's possible to climb | 爬起来是可能的 |
| 1545 | mountains and you get to the top and | 山上,你得到顶部 |
| 1546 | you just see more mountains. | 你只是看到更多的山脉。 |
| 1547 | It got | 它得到了 |
| 1548 | me interested in extending | 我有兴趣延长 |
| 1549 | those ideas, looking at | 这些想法,看 |
| 1550 | the environments, looking at the interactions | 环境,看互动 |
| 1551 | of places that were creating | 正在创建的地方 |
| 1552 | joy, fulfillment, | 欢乐,满足, |
| 1553 | connection, | 连接, |
| 1554 | deep places of flourishing. | 深处兴盛. |
| 1555 | What does it mean to flourish? | 兴化何谓. |
| 1556 | It's joyful, meaningful | 它的快乐,有意义的 |
| 1557 | growth shared. | 增长共享。 |
| 1558 | That was the piece that | 就是这个 |
| 1559 | when you look at the scientific definition of flourishing | 当你审视繁荣的科学定义 |
| 1560 | that surprised me the most. | 最让我惊讶的。 |
| 1561 | Joyful, meaningful growth. | 快乐而有意义的成长。 |
| 1562 | Okay, I got that. | 好吧,我明白了,我来了。 |
| 1563 | Shared, shared. | 共享,共享。 |
| 1564 | That struck me by | 这让我印象深刻 |
| 1565 | surprise at first. | 一开始很惊讶 |
| 1566 | But the | 不过 |
| 1567 | more you look around and when you begin to | 更多你看看周围 当你开始 |
| 1568 | investigate the phenomenon of flourishing, | 调查繁荣现象, |
| 1569 | people who are experiencing joyful, meaningful | 经历快乐和有意义的人 |
| 1570 | growth, what you find out is | 成长,你发现的是 |
| 1571 | that all flourishing is mutual. | 所有繁荣都是相互的。 |
| 1572 | We become our best selves in and | 我们成为我们最好的自己 |
| 1573 | through our relationships with | 通过我们的关系 |
| 1574 | other people. | 别人。 |
| 1575 | There's nobody | 没有人 |
| 1576 | flourishing in a cave in Switzerland | 在瑞士的洞穴中兴盛 |
| 1577 | by themselves. | 独自一人 |
| 1578 | There are no rugged | 没有崎岖的 |
| 1579 | individualists flourishing. | 个人主义者蓬勃发展。 |
| 1580 | We | 我们 |
| 1581 | need other people to do it. | 需要别人来做 |
| 1582 | When we look at it through that lens, | 当我们通过镜头看它, |
| 1583 | it gives us some | 它给我们一些 |
| 1584 | insight into two | 深入了解两个 |
| 1585 | basic things. | 基本的东西。 |
| 1586 | The first is that, hey, this is a team | 第一个是,嘿,这是一个团队 |
| 1587 | sport. | 运动。 |
| 1588 | It's not about me. | 这不是关于我。 |
| 1589 | It's about the space | 是关于空间的 |
| 1590 | in between us. | 我们之间 |
| 1591 | And the second | 和第二个 |
| 1592 | insight is that we're pre-built to do | 洞察力是,我们是预造的 |
| 1593 | it. | 这个 |
| 1594 | We're pre-built | 我们是预建的 |
| 1595 | for this. | 这个 |
| 1596 | Our ancestors | 我们的祖先 |
| 1597 | did not get here by being | 来得不是因为你 |
| 1598 | rugged individuals. | 崎岖的人。 |
| 1599 | They got here through | 他们通过这里 |
| 1600 | their ability to form | 其形成能力 |
| 1601 | and thrive through community. | 并通过社区繁荣成长。 |
| 1602 | And so because we become | 因为我们变得 |
| 1603 | our best selves in and through other people, | 我们最好的自己 通过其他人, |
| 1604 | this idea | 这个想法 |
| 1605 | that it's joyful, meaningful growth that | 快乐而有意义的成长 |
| 1606 | we shared, it really puts the question on | 我们分享, 这真的让问题 |
| 1607 | what's that sharing consist of? | 分享是由什么组成的? |
| 1608 | What does it look like? | 它看起来像什么? |
| 1609 | How do | 怎么样 |
| 1610 | we do it in our own lives? | 在自己的生活中做吗? |
| 1611 | And how | 怎么样 |
| 1612 | do we do it in this individualistic era | 在这个个性化的时代,我们这样做吗? |
| 1613 | that we're living in? | 我们住在这里? |
| 1614 | We get a | 我们得到一个 |
| 1615 | {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}看这个 | |
| 1616 | an example of unlikely | 一个不太可能的例子 |
| 1617 | {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}在底部兴旺起来 | |
| 1618 | of a Chilean mine in 2010. | 2010年的智利矿山。 |
| 1619 | Thirty-three | 三十三岁 |
| 1620 | miners were trapped with | 矿工被困 |
| 1621 | very little hope of rescue, | 营救的希望很小 |
| 1622 | a thousand feet below the surface with a hundred million | 水面下方一千英尺,有1亿 |
| 1623 | tons of rock on top of them. | 上面有吨的石头 |
| 1624 | They spent sixteen days in darkness, not knowing | 他们在黑暗中度过了16天 不知道 |
| 1625 | if they were going to live or die. | 如果他们要死或活 |
| 1626 | They emerged | 他们出现了 |
| 1627 | like brothers. | 像兄弟一样 |
| 1628 | They emerged with this incredible bond. | 他们以这种不可思议的纽带出现. |
| 1629 | The question is, how did that happen? | 问题是,这是怎么发生的? |
| 1630 | How did they get through this period of time, | 他们是怎么度过这段时期的 |
| 1631 | these sixteen days with no idea? | 这十六天不知道? |
| 1632 | The early stories | 早期的故事 |
| 1633 | that came out of the mine had to do with charismatic | 矿井里出来的 和魅力有关 |
| 1634 | leaders who led the way and who | 领导者是谁? |
| 1635 | told people what to do and who organized | 告诉人们该怎么做 谁组织 |
| 1636 | the group. | 团体。 |
| 1637 | But some studies | 不过有些研究 |
| 1638 | that came later showed the truth. | 事实已经证明 |
| 1639 | What brought the group together were not | 这群人聚在一起不是 |
| 1640 | charismatic leaders. | 魅力领袖. |
| 1641 | It was when | 那时 |
| 1642 | they circled up, surrendered | 他们盘旋,投降 |
| 1643 | control, and opened | 控制,并打开 |
| 1644 | up to each other. | 至彼处. |
| 1645 | The first moment | 第一个时刻 |
| 1646 | happened shortly after they were trapped. | 发生在他们被困后不久。 |
| 1647 | They circled up and the | 他们盘旋起来, |
| 1648 | leader of the group, a | 组长,a |
| 1649 | stern supervisor named Luis Urzua, | 严格主管叫路易斯·厄祖亚 |
| 1650 | walked to the center of the group. | 走到了团体的中心。 |
| 1651 | He had a white | 他有一个白色的 |
| 1652 | helmet on, a supervisor's helmet. | 戴上头盔,一个主管的头盔。 |
| 1653 | He took off his helmet and he said, | 他脱下头盔说 |
| 1654 | there are no bosses and no employees anymore. | 没有老板和雇员了。 |
| 1655 | Which stopped everybody. | 这阻止了所有人。 |
| 1656 | This wasn't | 这不是 |
| 1657 | a statement of leadership. | 一份领导声明。 |
| 1658 | It was a question. | 这是一个问题。 |
| 1659 | He was posing this question to the group, | 他向小组提出这个问题, |
| 1660 | creating this space. | 创建此空间。 |
| 1661 | A few minutes later there was another moment where they were | 几分钟后,他们又回到了 |
| 1662 | counting heads. | 数人头. |
| 1663 | And they | 他们 |
| 1664 | ended up being thirty-three miners. | 最后是33个矿工 |
| 1665 | And one of the miners, many of them | 一个矿工,很多矿工 |
| 1666 | were Catholic, said, that's the same | 是天主教徒,说,这是相同的 |
| 1667 | age as Jesus when he was crucified. | 当耶稣被钉十字架的时候 |
| 1668 | Maybe there's something bigger | 也许有更大的东西 |
| 1669 | waiting for us outside. | 在外面等我们 |
| 1670 | Another question. | 另一个问题。 |
| 1671 | Not a statement, not a | 不是声明,不是声明 |
| 1672 | direction, not a we need to do this. | 我们不需要这么做 |
| 1673 | A question. | 问曰. |
| 1674 | And what brought that group together was | 那群人聚在一起的原因 |
| 1675 | that moment of creating space. | 创造空间的那一刻 |
| 1676 | When the group could let go | 当小组可以放手 |
| 1677 | of control, circle up, and actually | 控制,循环,实际上 |
| 1678 | grapple with the situation that they were in. | 面对他们的处境 |
| 1679 | And what that moment did, what those questions | 而那个时刻做了什么, 那些问题 |
| 1680 | did, was they sparked engagement. | 是的,他们引发了订婚。 |
| 1681 | The people started self-organizing | 人们开始自我组织 |
| 1682 | into groups. | 分为几组。 |
| 1683 | One of them organizing the sleeping | 其中一个组织睡觉 |
| 1684 | space. | 空间。 |
| 1685 | One of them organizing their meager | 其中一个组织他们的小手 |
| 1686 | stash of food. | 藏着食物 |
| 1687 | They developed | 他们发展了 |
| 1688 | these rituals around food each | 食物周围的仪式 |
| 1689 | time. | 时间。 |
| 1690 | Taking a little, sharing a little scrap | 一点点,分享一点废料 |
| 1691 | of canned tuna. | 罐头金枪鱼 |
| 1692 | And they would sort of, everyone would be | 他们会,每个人都会 |
| 1693 | served and they would wait until everybody's ready | 服务,他们会等待 直到每个人都准备好了 |
| 1694 | and they would say a prayer and they would eat it together. | 他们要祈祷,要一起吃。 |
| 1695 | They developed these rituals around playing | 他们在玩耍的时候 发展了这些仪式 |
| 1696 | games in the dark together. | 游戏在黑暗中一起。 |
| 1697 | They developed a guardian angels | 他们培养了一个守护天使 |
| 1698 | program where when one would | 编程 : |
| 1699 | sleep the other would kind of watch over them. | 睡吧,另一个会照顾他们 |
| 1700 | They developed this sort of confessional | 他们发展了这种忏悔 |
| 1701 | when someone would make a mistake, they'd have | 当有人犯错,他们会 |
| 1702 | an opportunity to confess that mistake to | 承认错误的机会 |
| 1703 | the group. | 团体。 |
| 1704 | They developed an entire little | 他们发展出一个小小的 |
| 1705 | civilization in the worst environment you | 文明在最恶劣的环境中 |
| 1706 | could imagine. | 可以想象出来。 |
| 1707 | They were able to come | 他们来了 |
| 1708 | together so that when they were rescued, | 当他们被拯救的时候, |
| 1709 | there was no question that they were thriving. | 毫无疑问,它们正在蓬勃发展。 |
| 1710 | When they were asked to go up in the | 当他们被要求去 |
| 1711 | final rescue elevator, they kept | 最后的救生电梯,他们保存 |
| 1712 | deferring to others saying, no, you go first. | 等待别人说,不,你先走。 |
| 1713 | No, you go first. | 不 你先说 |
| 1714 | The transformative | 变革者 |
| 1715 | power of community | 社区权力 |
| 1716 | doesn't get created by people with answers. | 不是被有答案的人创造的 |
| 1717 | They get created by people who create | 他们由创造者创造 |
| 1718 | space, who create questions. | 空间,谁创建问题。 |
| 1719 | And then who create space for | 然后是谁创造空间 |
| 1720 | people to explore those questions together, | 人们一起探索这些问题, |
| 1721 | to step into uncertainty | 进入不确定性 |
| 1722 | together. | 一起来 |
| 1723 | All this stuff when you | 这些东西,当你 |
| 1724 | talk about it sounds a little soft. | 说起来有点软 |
| 1725 | It sounds | 听起来 |
| 1726 | a little kumbaya. | 一点点昆巴亚。 |
| 1727 | But the fact | 但事实 |
| 1728 | is, over and over again we see | 是,一遍又一遍,我们看到 |
| 1729 | this same pattern. | 同样的模式。 |
| 1730 | Leaders, places | 领导人,地点 |
| 1731 | that are able to create that space where | 能够创造空间的地方 |
| 1732 | people can make meaning together | 人们可以共同创造意义 |
| 1733 | and then people can build | 然后人们可以建立 |
| 1734 | community together, step into that uncertainty | 一起进入这个不确定的状态 |
| 1735 | and build something new. | 并建造新的东西。 |
| 1736 | That's the process of | 就是这样 |
| 1737 | flourishing. | 蓬勃发展。 |
| 1738 | Seen this way, | 看到这样 |
| 1739 | like flourishing isn't some magic | 像繁荣不是魔法 |
| 1740 | thing that happens to certain lucky people. | 发生在某些幸运的人身上的事 |
| 1741 | It's much more like a skill. | 这更像是技能 |
| 1742 | And like any | 和任何一样 |
| 1743 | skill, it's got two practices, | 技术,它有两个练习, |
| 1744 | two pillars. | 两个支柱。 |
| 1745 | The first is | 第一个 |
| 1746 | making meaning. | 创造意义。 |
| 1747 | How do we stop | 我们怎么停下来? |
| 1748 | and see what matters? | 看看有什么关系? |
| 1749 | How do we | 怎么样 |
| 1750 | stop and make meaning together? | 停止并创造意义在一起? |
| 1751 | The second one is building community. | 第二个是建设社区。 |
| 1752 | How do | 怎么样 |
| 1753 | create something new together? | 一起创造新的东西? |
| 1754 | How do | 怎么样 |
| 1755 | we connect in ways and turn | 我们以方式连接,转身 |
| 1756 | to make something better together? | 一起让事情变得更好? |
| 1757 | That's what community is, when people turn | 这就是社区,当人们转身 |
| 1758 | toward each other to make their situation | 彼此之间,以为自己的处境 |
| 1759 | better. | 好多了,你还好吧? |
| 1760 | So those two actions, the first | 所以这两个动作,第一个 |
| 1761 | is like a pause that creates | 就像一个暂停,它创造了 |
| 1762 | energy. | 能源。 |
| 1763 | The second is action. | 第二是行动。 |
| 1764 | So the first, they work together kind of | 所以第一个,他们一起工作 |
| 1765 | like a heartbeat you could say. | 就像你可以说的心跳 |
| 1766 | You | 你们 |
| 1767 | stop. | 停下来。 |
| 1768 | You see what matters. | 你知道什么是关键。 |
| 1769 | You | 你们 |
| 1770 | make meaning together. | 使意义在一起。 |
| 1771 | You have a deep | 你有一个深 |
| 1772 | connection. | 连接。 |
| 1773 | You connect deeply. | 你联系得很深 |
| 1774 | Then, let's try something. | 那我们试试看 |
| 1775 | Let's do some messy project together. | 我们一起做个乱七八糟的项目 |
| 1776 | Let's take something on. | 让我们承担一些。 |
| 1777 | And that | 还有 |
| 1778 | is the kind of ultimate | 是那种终极的 |
| 1779 | thread of human community | 人类社会 |
| 1780 | throughout time, | 永远 |
| 1781 | circling up, coming together, | 盘旋起来,聚集在一起, |
| 1782 | finding meaning, and then | 找到意义,然后 |
| 1783 | using that energy toward making | 利用这种能量创造 |
| 1784 | their situation better. | 他们的处境更好 |
| 1785 | And that's what | 这就是 |
| 1786 | community is in a nutshell, and that's the | 社区在简言之,这就是 |
| 1787 | heartbeat beneath it. | 在它下面的心跳。 |
| 1788 | There's this | 有这个 |
| 1789 | neighborhood in Paris. | 巴黎的邻居 |
| 1790 | It was like | 这就像 |
| 1791 | any other neighborhood. | 任何其他的邻居。 |
| 1792 | It was kind of | 有点 |
| 1793 | little people buried | 被埋了的小家伙们 |
| 1794 | in their phones, upper middle class, | 在他们的手机,中上层阶级, |
| 1795 | people busy all the time. | 人们总是很忙 |
| 1796 | There's a | 有一个 |
| 1797 | journalist there named Patrick Bernard | 那个叫帕特里克·伯纳德的记者 |
| 1798 | who got obsessed with this question. | 被这个问题迷住了 |
| 1799 | He's like, does it have to be this way? | 他喜欢,是不是一定要这样? |
| 1800 | And as a journalist, he | 作为一名记者,他 |
| 1801 | decided to do an experiment. | 决定做个实验 |
| 1802 | He rented 80 tables | 他租了八十张桌子 |
| 1803 | to create the longest table in Paris. | 在巴黎创造最长的桌子 |
| 1804 | He closed off a street, got | 他关闭了一条街道,得到了 |
| 1805 | permission to close off a street, and then | 允许关闭一条街道,然后 |
| 1806 | invited everyone for a potluck. | 请大家来玩玩 |
| 1807 | Bring your own dish. | 带上你自己的菜 |
| 1808 | It's going to happen on this day. | 此日会. |
| 1809 | Longest lunch table in Paris. | 巴黎最长的午餐桌 |
| 1810 | His neighbors thought he was kind of nuts, | 他的邻居觉得他有点疯 |
| 1811 | and his neighbors called him a teddy bear kisser, | 他的邻居叫他泰迪熊亲吻者, |
| 1812 | which is sort of like saying you're a naive soul, | 就像说你是个天真的灵魂 |
| 1813 | a bisonneur they call it. | 他们称之为野牛 |
| 1814 | You're a teddy bear kisser. | 你是一个泰迪熊吻者。 |
| 1815 | This will never | 这永远不会 |
| 1816 | work. | 工作时 |
| 1817 | Of course people are distant. | 当然,人们是遥远的。 |
| 1818 | It's Paris. | 这是巴黎。 |
| 1819 | People are snobbish. | 众生自在. |
| 1820 | You know, | 你知道吗, |
| 1821 | get over it. | 忘记它。 |
| 1822 | There wasn't a lot of optimism | 没有什么乐观 |
| 1823 | going into it, but when the day came, | 当日, |
| 1824 | the whole neighborhood showed up. | 整个街区都出现了 |
| 1825 | The kids | 孩子们 |
| 1826 | started turning the cones | 开始转动圆锥 |
| 1827 | into like giant megaphones. | 变成巨型扩音器 |
| 1828 | People | 人员 |
| 1829 | came playing instruments. | 来玩乐器。 |
| 1830 | People brought | 人们带来的 |
| 1831 | their own food. | 他们自己的食物。 |
| 1832 | It was this immense celebration. | 这是一场巨大的庆祝活动。 |
| 1833 | And then Bernard | 然后是伯纳德 |
| 1834 | did the next thing. | 做了接下来的事情。 |
| 1835 | He | |
| 1836 | had them self-organize into groups. | 让他们自己组织成小组 |
| 1837 | He had them self-organize into interest groups, like if you're | 他让他们自我组织成利益集团, 就像如果你是 |
| 1838 | into biking, here's where the biking group is going to meet. | 骑自行车,这里是 骑自行车组要去见面。 |
| 1839 | If you're into cheese, here's the cheese group. | 如果你喜欢奶酪,这是奶酪组。 |
| 1840 | If you're into history, here's the history group. | 如果你进入历史,这里是历史组. |
| 1841 | If you're into dogs, here's the dog walking group. | 如果你喜欢狗,这里是狗步行组。 |
| 1842 | If you're into cheese, here's the cheese group. | 如果你喜欢奶酪,这是奶酪组。 |
| 1843 | And those groups gathered with only two rules. | 这些团体只聚集了两条规则。 |
| 1844 | First is no negativity, no politics. | 第一,不是消极主义,也不是政治。 |
| 1845 | And the second rule is you have to gather around a joy device, | 第二条规则是 你必须聚集在欢乐装置周围 |
| 1846 | a joy device, meaning coffee, alcohol, food. | 一个欢乐装置,意为咖啡,酒精,食物. |
| 1847 | You have to gather around something, small groups. | 你必须聚集在周围的东西,小团体。 |
| 1848 | And you go in that neighborhood today, | 你今天去那个街区 |
| 1849 | and it feels like you're in a village. | 感觉你好像在村子里 |
| 1850 | There was an older woman who broke her wrist. | 有个老妇人摔断了手腕 |
| 1851 | She got 15 offers of help to take care of groceries. | 她得到了15个帮助 处理杂货。 |
| 1852 | When an older person goes into the hospital, | 当一个老人进医院, |
| 1853 | there's a group of people that's self-organized | 有一群人是自我组织的 |
| 1854 | to water their plants and take care of their dogs together. | 给植物浇水 一起照顾狗 |
| 1855 | It feels like you're in a different place. | 感觉你在另一个地方 |
| 1856 | It feels like you're in a village. | 感觉你好像在村子里 |
| 1857 | What happened? | 发生了什么事? |
| 1858 | It's the same people. | 是同众生. |
| 1859 | What happened was you tipped the environment | 事情是你给环境的 |
| 1860 | to create this sense of meaning and presence. | 创造这种意义和存在感。 |
| 1861 | That table's not just a table. | 那张桌子不只是一张桌子 |
| 1862 | That table, like any ritual, is this pause | 那张桌子就像任何仪式一样 就是这个暂停 |
| 1863 | where you can actually connect | 在哪里可以实际连接 |
| 1864 | and actually bring your gift to the circle. | 将你的礼物带到圆圈 |
| 1865 | Those kind of moments which produce nothing useful, | 那些毫无用处的时刻, |
| 1866 | that table produced nothing that you could measure, | 那张桌子没有你所能测量的东西 |
| 1867 | and that's why it worked, | 这就是为什么它的工作, |
| 1868 | because you're putting people | 因为你把人 |
| 1869 | in a different attentional state. | 在不同的关注状态。 |
| 1870 | We walk around in the modern world focused | 我们在现代世界走来走去 |
| 1871 | with kind of this narrow task attention turned on, | 以这种狭隘的任务开始关注, |
| 1872 | where we're looking at things | 我们看的东西 |
| 1873 | and figuring out how to get from A to B to C to D. | 想办法从A到B到C到D |
| 1874 | Moments like that and tables like that | 像这样的瞬间和那样的桌子 |
| 1875 | and environments like that, | 和这样的环境, |
| 1876 | just like with the Chilean miners, | 就像智利矿工一样 |
| 1877 | they're open questions. | 他们是公开的问题。 |
| 1878 | They're spaces that allow us to step into uncertainty | 它们是让我们步入不确定性的空间 |
| 1879 | alongside other people and create meaning together. | 和别人一起创造意义 |
| 1880 | And that's how we're pre-wired to behave. | 这就是我们如何被预设 以行为。 |
| 1881 | That's where meaning comes from. | 即是义也. |
| 1882 | The meaning in our own life happens when we stop, | 当我们停下来的时候 我们自己生活中的意义就会发生 |
| 1883 | when we widen our attention, | 当我们扩大我们的注意力, |
| 1884 | when we surrender control, and when we connect. | 当我们投降控制, 当我们连接。 |
| 1885 | And so creating environments where that connection | 从而创造连接环境 |
| 1886 | can happen is the key move. | 能够发生是关键动作。 |
| 1887 | We're taught our brains are these problem-solving devices. | 我们的大脑被教导是这些解决问题的设备。 |
| 1888 | That's true, they're good at solving little problems | 没错,他们很会解决小问题 |
| 1889 | and analyzing. | 还有分析 |
| 1890 | They're also good at creating relationships. | 他们也擅长建立关系. |
| 1891 | And so creating spaces where those relationships | 从而创造出这些关系的空间 |
| 1892 | can take root and grow is really the key move. | 可以扎根和成长 才是关键 |
| 1893 | All of these places are like little greenhouses. | 这些地方都像小温室 |
| 1894 | They're a little disorganized, | 他们有点乱 |
| 1895 | and that's where that aliveness comes from, | 生命就是从这里来的 |
| 1896 | because you're not quite sure what's gonna happen. | 因为你不确定会发生什么 |
| 1897 | It's almost like walking up to that potluck, | 这几乎就像走在那个锅运气, |
| 1898 | and you're not sure what's gonna happen. | 而且你不确定会发生什么 |
| 1899 | Are people gonna like my dish? | 人们会喜欢我的菜吗? |
| 1900 | Are my gonna like theirs? | 我会喜欢他们的吗? |
| 1901 | Who's gonna sit next to me? | 谁要坐在我旁边? |
| 1902 | What's going on over there? | 那边怎么了? |
| 1903 | This atmosphere of aliveness and uncertainty | 这种充满活力和不确定性的气氛 |
| 1904 | is the exact opposite of the algorithmic world | 和算法世界完全相反 |
| 1905 | in which so much of the modern world is built on, | 在如此多的现代世界中, |
| 1906 | where it's about frictionless certainty. | 是关于无摩擦的确定性 |
| 1907 | What's happening over here is frictiony uncertainty, | 这里发生的事情是摩擦性的不确定性, |
| 1908 | and that's why it's powerful. | 这就是为什么它的力量。 |
| 1909 | That's how relationships get built. | 关系就是这样建立的. |
| 1910 | They don't get built over here. | 他们不会在这里建造。 |
| 1911 | This is just function. | 这只是功能。 |
| 1912 | But over here, you've got this sense of openness, | 但在这里,你有这种开放感, |
| 1913 | reciprocal openness, and connection | 相互开放和联系 |
| 1914 | that creates actual relationships, | 创造实际关系, |
| 1915 | and that's how we're built to make relationships. | 我们就是这样建立关系的 |
| 1916 | This year, we've all seen the New England Patriots | 今年,我们都看到了新英格兰爱国者 |
| 1917 | go from being four and 13 last year | 去年从四岁到十三岁 |
| 1918 | to going to the Super Bowl this year. | 今年参加超级杯 |
| 1919 | On that team, they have incredible relationships. | 在这个团队中,他们有着不可思议的关系. |
| 1920 | They've talked about it all year, | 他们已经谈论了一年, |
| 1921 | and the question is, how'd they do that? | 问题是,他们是怎么做到的? |
| 1922 | Well, the answer is, on the first day of practice, | 那么,答案是, 在第一天的练习, |
| 1923 | their new coach, Mike Vrabel, didn't practice. | 他们的新教练,迈克・瓦贝尔,没有练习。 |
| 1924 | Didn't practice, he didn't do the utilitarian thing. | 没有练习,他没有做功利主义的事情。 |
| 1925 | It made sense to practice, but he didn't. | 练习是有意义的,但他没有。 |
| 1926 | He did this thing that didn't make sense, | 他这样做是没有道理的, |
| 1927 | which is called the Four H's exercise. | 这叫四H运动 |
| 1928 | You get into small groups, you circle up, | 你进入小团体, 你环绕, |
| 1929 | just like that French table. | 就像那个法国桌子 |
| 1930 | You circle up, and you get into these four topics. | 你绕圈子,然后进入这四个话题。 |
| 1931 | Who's your hero? | 谁是你的英雄? |
| 1932 | What's your history? | 你的历史是什么? |
| 1933 | Where are you from? | 你从哪里来? |
| 1934 | How'd you get here? | 你怎么来的? |
| 1935 | What's your heartbreak? | 你心碎了吗? |
| 1936 | And give me a hope. | 并给我一个希望。 |
| 1937 | What's your hope for the coming year? | 你对明年有什么希望? |
| 1938 | Super simple exercise, doesn't take long, | 超简单的运动,不花很长时间 |
| 1939 | 15 minutes the most, but at the end of that exercise, | 最多15分钟,但在演习结束时, |
| 1940 | what you've created is you've taken these relationships | 你创造的就是这些关系 |
| 1941 | that were transactional, and you've opened them up. | 那是交易, 你打开了它们。 |
| 1942 | You've energized them. | 你给他们注入了活力。 |
| 1943 | You've created this deep connection. | 你创造了这个深层的联系。 |
| 1944 | And we often talk about that as if it's just like | 我们经常谈论这个 好像就像 |
| 1945 | this chemistry thing, like, oh, we had a good relationship. | 我们的关系很好 |
| 1946 | We had a good talk. | 我们聊得很愉快 |
| 1947 | It's like, well, yeah, and those things can be engineered. | 这就像,嗯,是的, 这些东西可以设计。 |
| 1948 | Those environments can be created. | 这些环境是可以创造的。 |
| 1949 | Those questions aren't actually questions. | 那些问题其实不是问题 |
| 1950 | They're spaces for people to actually step forward | 它们是人们真正前进的空间 |
| 1951 | and connect. | 和连接。 |
| 1952 | When we look at our attention systems, | 当我们看着我们的注意力系统, |
| 1953 | and I'm using the plural there, it is attention systems. | 我用的是复数 这是注意力系统 |
| 1954 | We typically think we just have one attention system, | 我们一般认为我们只有一个关注系统 |
| 1955 | but when you look at the neurology of this, | 但当你看这个神经科, |
| 1956 | we have two attention systems. | 我们有两个关注系统 |
| 1957 | We have task attention, which sees the world narrowly | 我们有任务关注, 它看狭小的世界 |
| 1958 | as something to control. | 作为控制的东西。 |
| 1959 | It evolved as the way that we spot food, | 它进化为我们发现食物的方式, |
| 1960 | categorize it, and grab it. | 分类,并抓住它。 |
| 1961 | If your ancestors are gonna survive, | 如果你的祖先会活下来 |
| 1962 | they need to be able to do that. | 他们需要能够做到这一点。 |
| 1963 | You need to be able to see something and control it. | 你需要能够看到一些东西并控制它。 |
| 1964 | But you also need to pay attention to the wider world, | 但你也要注意更广阔的世界 |
| 1965 | which is where we have the second attention system, | 这是我们第二个关注系统 |
| 1966 | which is relational attention. | 这是关系关注。 |
| 1967 | It's much broader. | 更广. |
| 1968 | It catches the nuances of things. | 它抓住了事物的细微差别。 |
| 1969 | It's how we connect to other people, to groups. | 这就是我们如何连接 其他人,与团体。 |
| 1970 | It's how we sense narrative. | 这就是我们如何感知叙事。 |
| 1971 | It's how we sense all the things | 我们就是这样感觉的 |
| 1972 | that aren't narrow and controlled. | 并不狭窄 控制。 |
| 1973 | And so that moment of surrender and control, | 因此,在投降和控制的时刻, |
| 1974 | that moment of stepping into uncertainty and saying, | 进入不确定的时刻 说 |
| 1975 | oh, yeah, I'll share with you my heartbreak, | 哦,是的,我会与你分享我的心碎, |
| 1976 | is that moment where our relational attention | 是那一刻 我们的关系关注 |
| 1977 | is being lit up like a lamp. | 被点燃像灯。 |
| 1978 | It's where all of a sudden we're going from this to this. | 忽然从此至此. |
| 1979 | And that's what relationships are made of. | 关系就是这样形成的。 |
| 1980 | Those moments where you feel connection, | 那种你感觉连接的时刻, |
| 1981 | where you feel real, illogical, irrational, | 在那里你感到真实,不合逻辑,不合理, |
| 1982 | non-informational, just like meaning. | 非信息性,就像意义。 |
| 1983 | It's like that guitar string inside you | 就像你内心的吉他弦 |
| 1984 | gets plucked a little bit and you feel a vibration. | 被拔出一点点,你感觉振动。 |
| 1985 | Flourishing groups are really, really good | 浮游团体真的,真的很好 |
| 1986 | at creating those moments. | 创造那些时刻。 |
| 1987 | They don't treat them as accidental. | 他们不把它们当作偶然 |
| 1988 | They treat them as part of the daily fabric of life, | 他们把他们当作日常生活的一部分 |
| 1989 | to get together and create those moments. | 一起创造那些时刻 |
| 1990 | And one of the people on the planet, | 和地球上的人之一, |
| 1991 | I think who is the best at it, was Fred Rogers, | 我想谁是最好的, 是弗雷德罗杰斯, |
| 1992 | Mr. Rogers of the television show fame. | 电视剧名人罗杰斯先生. |
| 1993 | His show was almost canceled a year after it was on | 他的节目在上映一年后差点被取消 |
| 1994 | and they couldn't get a new sponsor | 他们找不到新的赞助商 |
| 1995 | and they announced that the show was going to be ending. | 他们宣布节目即将结束 |
| 1996 | And it's never happened in the history of PBS | 在PBS的历史上从未发生过 |
| 1997 | that angry mothers come to PBS stations | 愤怒的母亲来到PBS电台 |
| 1998 | and picket and protest. | 抗议和抗议。 |
| 1999 | In Los Angeles, 3,000 people showed up | 在洛杉矶,有3000人出现 |
| 2000 | to support Mr. Rogers. | 支持罗杰斯先生。 |
| 2001 | How did he create that deep connection | 他是如何建立这种深层联系的 |
| 2002 | that because of that support, the show has continued, | 由于这种支持, 节目继续, |
| 2003 | he's become the icon? | 他成为偶像了? |
| 2004 | All he did on that show was create | 他在那个节目上所做的就是创造 |
| 2005 | this attentional architecture | 这种关注架构 |
| 2006 | where he's continually stopping, creating space. | 在那里他不停的停下来 创造空间 |
| 2007 | Every time he spoke a word, he would pause and wait | 每次他说话 他都会停下来等 |
| 2008 | as if the other person, the kid on the other end | 就像另一个人,孩子在另一端 |
| 2009 | of the television was talking to them. | 电视里的人和他们说话 |
| 2010 | Continual awareness. | 不断觉悟. |
| 2011 | He had a little exercise that he did | 他做了一点锻炼 |
| 2012 | that brought that, he did it in front of the crowd | 这带来了,他这样做 在人群面前 |
| 2013 | at the Emmy Awards in the late 90s | 在90年代末的艾美奖上 |
| 2014 | and it just, it was a very simple exercise. | 它只是, 这是一个非常简单的练习。 |
| 2015 | It lasted 10 seconds. | 它持续了10秒。 |
| 2016 | All of us have special ones who have loved us into being. | 我们每个人都有特别的人 他们一直爱着我们的存在。 |
| 2017 | Would you just take, along with me, 10 seconds | 请你跟我走10秒 |
| 2018 | to think of the people who have helped you | 想到帮助你的人 |
| 2019 | become who you are? | 变成你是谁? |
| 2020 | Those who have cared about you | 关心你的人 |
| 2021 | and wanted what was best for you in life. | 想要你一生中最好的东西 |
| 2022 | 10 seconds of silence. | 十秒寂灭. |
| 2023 | I'll watch the time. | 我会看时间。 |
| 2024 | And the whole crowd is weeping at the end. | 乃至一切众生于最后悲泣. |
| 2025 | These people are all glamor, glitzy | 这些人都是闪亮,闪亮 |
| 2026 | at the top of their profession | 在他们的职业顶端 |
| 2027 | and every bit of eyeliner in that room was running. | 房间里的每一点眼线都在跑 |
| 2028 | Whomever you've been thinking about, | 不管你在想谁 |
| 2029 | how pleased they must be to know the difference | 他们知道区别是多么的高兴 |
| 2030 | you feel they've made. | 你觉得他们已经做了。 |
| 2031 | 10 seconds, he was able to awaken | 10秒后,他醒了过来 |
| 2032 | and nurture the relationships that are in their lives | 并培育他们生活中的关系 |
| 2033 | waiting to be awakened. | 等待被唤醒。 |
| 2034 | And so that's what those groups are good at doing. | 这就是这些团体擅长做的事情。 |
| 2035 | And it sounds soft, it sounds kind of kumbaya | 听起来很柔软 听起来像是Kumbaya |
| 2036 | and yet it's the most elemental part, | 而这是最元素的部分, |
| 2037 | the most fundamental part of building | 建筑中最基本的部分 |
| 2038 | what human beings are born to build, which is community. | 人类生来要建设的,就是社区。 |
| 2039 | Why do rituals exist? | 为什么仪式存在? |
| 2040 | There was an author a while back | 刚才有个作家 |
| 2041 | who wrote a book about rituals and he offered readers, | 他写了一本关于仪式的书 他给读者, |
| 2042 | if they could find any human group that did not do rituals, | 如果他们能找到任何没有举行仪式的人类群体 |
| 2043 | they would get the price of the book back. | 他们会拿到书的价格回来。 |
| 2044 | He has received no such offers | 他没有收到这样的邀请 |
| 2045 | because every human group has rituals. | 因为每个人类都有仪式 |
| 2046 | We are absolutely built for them. | 我们绝对为他们而建。 |
| 2047 | What is a ritual except a space | 除了空间什么是仪式 |
| 2048 | where the usual causal laws of cause and effect | 通常的因果关系 |
| 2049 | do not apply? | 不适用吗? |
| 2050 | A ritual is something that says, | 仪式就是说 |
| 2051 | I'm gonna light this candle, | 我要点燃蜡烛 |
| 2052 | it's gonna make me work better at my desk today. | 今天会让我在办公桌工作得更好 |
| 2053 | A ritual is a piece of a good luck charm | 仪式是幸运符的一部分 |
| 2054 | or something like that. | 或者类似的东西。 |
| 2055 | They don't actually have a cause and effect. | 它们实际上没有因果关系. |
| 2056 | They only work through this sense of presence. | 他们只能通过这种存在感工作. |
| 2057 | They only work through this sense of illogical connection. | 它们只能通过这种不合逻辑的联系感工作. |
| 2058 | When we see communities and cultures, | 当我们看到社区和文化, |
| 2059 | a lot of them are using ritual to that exact effect. | 他们中很多人都在用仪式来达到这个目的 |
| 2060 | Why Iceland, for example, | 例如,为什么冰岛, |
| 2061 | has some of the closest community cultures on the planet? | 地球上最近的社区文化呢? |
| 2062 | Well, they also happen to have these rituals | 他们也有这些仪式 |
| 2063 | where they all take a hot spring bath once a week, | 他们每周都洗一次温泉澡 |
| 2064 | all together, the whole community together. | 一起,整个社区一起。 |
| 2065 | They will come together in those rituals. | 他们会在那些仪式中走到一起 |
| 2066 | Not, there's other ways they could get clean. | 不,还有其它方法 他们可以得到干净。 |
| 2067 | There's other ways they could achieve those same goals. | 还有其他方法可以实现同样的目标。 |
| 2068 | But taking the time to do that ritual | 但是要花时间做那个仪式 |
| 2069 | is what helps bring them together. | 帮助他们走到一起。 |
| 2070 | In the modern world, | 在现代世界, |
| 2071 | we focus a lot on habits to automate our lives, | 我们把很多精力放在 使生活自动化的习惯上, |
| 2072 | habits to make things go quicker and more efficiently | 习惯让事情更迅速更有效率 |
| 2073 | so we don't have to think. | 所以我们不用想 |
| 2074 | That's how habits are built so that we can automate. | 这就是习惯的形成方式,这样我们才能实现自动化. |
| 2075 | Rituals are so we animate our lives. | 礼仪让我们的人生充满活力 |
| 2076 | They're so we can actually slow down | 那样我们才能减速 |
| 2077 | and pay a deeper form of attention, | 并深加注意, |
| 2078 | whatever that ritual might be. | 不管那个仪式是什么 |
| 2079 | Maybe that ritual is prayer. | 也许那个仪式就是祈祷 |
| 2080 | Maybe that ritual is a good luck charm. | 也许那个仪式是幸运符 |
| 2081 | Maybe that ritual is something else. | 也许那个仪式是另外一回事 |
| 2082 | But finding rituals slow us down | 但找到仪式会拖累我们 |
| 2083 | and they infuse, rather than automating our lives, | 他们灌输,而不是使我们的生活自动化, |
| 2084 | they infuse our lives with a new kind of animation. | 他们给我们的生活注入了一种新的动画。 |
| 2085 | Building community happens through a process | 建设社区的过程 |
| 2086 | that I call group flow. | 我称之为群流。 |
| 2087 | Group flow is the process through which | 组合流程是 |
| 2088 | a group comes together to navigate problems | 一组一起来导航问题 |
| 2089 | and to self-organize into new shapes and patterns. | 并自我组织成新的形状和模式。 |
| 2090 | It operates like anything according to two rules. | 照两条规矩运作 |
| 2091 | The first rule is the rule of the beautiful mess | 第一条规矩是美人之乱 |
| 2092 | and the second rule is the rule of surprise. | 第二条规则是惊奇的规则。 |
| 2093 | The rule of the beautiful mess says | 美丽混乱的规矩说 |
| 2094 | that disorder is not the obstacle, it's the doorway. | 障碍不是障碍 而是门路 |
| 2095 | And when I visited these places, | 当我访问这些地方时, |
| 2096 | I kept encountering the same scene. | 我总是遇到同样的场景。 |
| 2097 | They would deliberately design messes. | 他们会故意设计混乱 |
| 2098 | The New Zealand All Blacks, | 新西兰所有的黑人, |
| 2099 | one of the best rugby teams in the world, | 世界上最好的橄榄球队之一, |
| 2100 | they have a certain period of their season, | 他们有一个季节, |
| 2101 | a certain period of their week, | 他们一周的一段时间, |
| 2102 | where they will let the players run practice. | 在那里,他们会让玩家运行练习。 |
| 2103 | This isn't the smoothest way to do it, right? | 这不是最平滑的方法,对不对? |
| 2104 | The smoothest way to run practice | 最流畅的练习方式 |
| 2105 | is to have coaches run practice. | 让教练们练习 |
| 2106 | That's not how they do it. | 这不是他们怎么做的。 |
| 2107 | It creates all kinds of unpredictability, | 它造成了各种不可预测性, |
| 2108 | all kinds of messes. | 种种杂乱. |
| 2109 | But what does it also create? | 但它又创造了什么? |
| 2110 | It allows them to self-organize into these problems. | 这使得他们能够自行组织起来,参与这些问题. |
| 2111 | It allows them to create new patterns. | 它允许他们创造新的模式. |
| 2112 | It gives them a sense of deep agency and ownership. | 它赋予了他们深刻的代理和主人翁感。 |
| 2113 | I saw the same pattern. | 我看见同样的模式。 |
| 2114 | There was an art teacher named Linda Berry, | 有个叫琳达·贝瑞的艺术老师 |
| 2115 | and she would often pair one of her | 她经常和她一对 |
| 2116 | master's art students with a four-year-old. | 大师艺术弟子四岁. |
| 2117 | That's how she would design it. | 她就是这样设计的 |
| 2118 | Was it predictable? | 是可预测的吗? |
| 2119 | No. | 没有 |
| 2120 | Was it neatly designed? | 设计得整齐吗? |
| 2121 | No, it was messy. | 不,很乱 |
| 2122 | It was messy. | 很乱 |
| 2123 | Having a four-year-old work with a master's student's a mess. | 与师弟子共修四业是乱. |
| 2124 | But what happens in that mess? | 但是在那种混乱中会发生什么? |
| 2125 | The master's student kind of rediscovers | 主人公的学生 那种重新发现 |
| 2126 | the joy of creating art. | 创造艺术的快乐 |
| 2127 | The four-year-old discovers the power of what they're doing. | 四者发现其功德之力. |
| 2128 | It's an incredible moment. | 这是一个不可思议的时刻。 |
| 2129 | It's the same as what the All Blacks were doing. | 这和所有黑人一样 |
| 2130 | They're purposely creating a little bit of chaos | 他们故意制造混乱 |
| 2131 | so that life is not like a machine, | 以免生命像机器一样, |
| 2132 | but that it's more like a pickup basketball game. | 但它更像是一个小篮球比赛。 |
| 2133 | And that's the rule of the beautiful mess. | 这就是美丽混乱的规则 |
| 2134 | You have to create some disorder to create group flow. | 你必须制造一些障碍来创建群流. |
| 2135 | You have to create some disorder | 你必须制造一些混乱 |
| 2136 | to actually create community. | 真正创建社区。 |
| 2137 | Community is not about staying ordered. | 社区不是要维持秩序 |
| 2138 | Community is about creating and building together. | 社区是共同创造和建设。 |
| 2139 | And the model of a pickup basketball game | 和皮卡式篮球比赛的模式 |
| 2140 | is actually very powerful because there's three factors | 因为有三个因素 |
| 2141 | that you need to have with group flow. | 您需要拥有与群流。 |
| 2142 | You need to have a clear horizon. | 你需要有一个清晰的视野。 |
| 2143 | You need to have a basket that you're shooting for. | 你需要一个篮子 你正在拍摄。 |
| 2144 | You need to have a clear gradient that you're moving down. | 你需要有一个清晰的梯度 你正在向下移动。 |
| 2145 | You need to have some really clear guardrails, | 你需要一些非常干净的护栏 |
| 2146 | sort of like places where you can go and you can't go. | 有点像地方 你可以去,你不能去。 |
| 2147 | And you need to have agency. | 你需要有机构。 |
| 2148 | You need to give people freedom to navigate. | 你得给人们导航的自由 |
| 2149 | And so those factors, that sense of ownership, | 因此,这些因素, 这种主人翁感, |
| 2150 | that sense of agency, that sense of horizon | 那种代理感,那种地平线感 |
| 2151 | is what we see in group flow. | 是我们在群流中看到的 |
| 2152 | And it turns leadership less into the question of | 它把领导权 变成一个问题 |
| 2153 | how do I tell them what to do? | 我该怎么告诉他们该怎么做? |
| 2154 | How do I know the answer? | 我怎么会知道答案? |
| 2155 | Into a question of what can you design | 问一个你能设计什么的问题 |
| 2156 | that lets people use their gifts, | 让人们用他们的天赋, |
| 2157 | that lets people self-organize through a problem together | 让人们通过自我组织 一起解决一个问题 |
| 2158 | in ways that generate new possibilities and new solutions. | 产生新的可能性和新的解决办法。 |
| 2159 | We get a really vivid example of the power of that | 我们得到一个非常生动的例子 来证明这种力量 |
| 2160 | and the story of Building 20. | 20号楼的故事 |
| 2161 | Building 20 was built on the campus of MIT in 1942. | 20号楼于1942年在麻省理工学院校园内建成. |
| 2162 | It was designed for the purpose of creating | 它的设计目的是创建 |
| 2163 | the radar technology that would go on to win World War II. | 雷达技术将会继续 赢得二战。 |
| 2164 | But after that World War II is over, it was left abandoned. | 但二战结束后,它被废弃. |
| 2165 | And different groups sort of moved into it | 不同的团体也纷纷进入其中 |
| 2166 | kind of haphazardly. | 有点乱 |
| 2167 | The building was kind of junky. | 这栋楼有点烂 |
| 2168 | It's plywood walls, exterior plumbing. | 胶合板墙,外水管. |
| 2169 | There were no real facilities. | 没有真正的设施。 |
| 2170 | It was freezing in the winter and boiling in the summer. | 冬时冰冷,夏时沸腾. |
| 2171 | No one really wanted to go there | 没有人真的想去那儿 |
| 2172 | except people who didn't quite fit in. | 除了那些不适应的人 |
| 2173 | But over time, different groups came in there. | 但随着时间的推移,不同的团体 进入那里。 |
| 2174 | And it turned out that this place turned out to be | 结果发现这个地方 |
| 2175 | what was called the magical incubator of MIT. | 叫做麻省理工学院的神奇孵化器 |
| 2176 | Some of the first video games were created there. | 最初的一些电子游戏是在那里创作的. |
| 2177 | The first completely soundproof chamber was created there. | 第一个完全隔音室就是在那里创建的. |
| 2178 | Some really important black hole research was created there. | 一些非常重要的黑洞研究就是在那里创建的。 |
| 2179 | Noam Chomsky did some important linguistic research there. | 诺姆·乔姆斯基在那里做了一些重要的语言研究. |
| 2180 | It became this incredibly fertile place. | 它变成了一个非常肥沃的地方。 |
| 2181 | And the question is why? | 问题是为什么? |
| 2182 | Why that place as opposed to a nicer, neater building | 为什么那个地方比一个更漂亮更整洁的建筑 |
| 2183 | and underneath the aegis of a clear departmental structure? | 在明确的部门结构之下? |
| 2184 | And the answer is it was a beautiful mess. | 答案是它是一个美丽的混乱。 |
| 2185 | The people there had to self-organize. | 那里的人必须自我组织起来 |
| 2186 | They had to self-organize for their lunches. | 他们不得不自己组织 他们的午餐。 |
| 2187 | They had to self-organize for their, | 他们必须自己组织起来, |
| 2188 | they would have morning meetings | 他们有上午的会议 |
| 2189 | and they'd bring people together | 他们把人们聚集在一起 |
| 2190 | from different disciplines to share what they had learned. | 从不同的学科来分享他们学到的知识。 |
| 2191 | They had a sense of joy and exploration. | 他们有一种快乐和探索的感觉. |
| 2192 | They wrote an opera together, the people of MIT. | 他们一起写歌剧,麻省理工学院的人。 |
| 2193 | There was a sense that they were sort of the black sheep. | 有一种感觉,他们是某种黑羊。 |
| 2194 | They taught each other how to swim, | 他们互相教导如何游泳 |
| 2195 | the ones who didn't know how to swim. | 那些不懂得游泳的 |
| 2196 | There was an engineering student | 有个工科学生 |
| 2197 | who once wandered down the hall to the acoustics lab | 曾经在大厅游荡到声学实验室 |
| 2198 | and started messing around. | 然后开始乱搞 |
| 2199 | And that became Bose Electronics. | 这变成了Bose电子公司。 |
| 2200 | It became this incredibly fertile place. | 它变成了一个非常肥沃的地方。 |
| 2201 | Why? | 为什么? |
| 2202 | Because the same thing is happening | 因为同样的事情正在发生 |
| 2203 | as in the, as in New Zealand all blacks practice. | 就像在新西兰一样 所有黑人都行 |
| 2204 | The same thing is happening as in Linda Berry's art class, | 和琳达·贝瑞的艺术课一样 |
| 2205 | creating the conditions where people can self-organize, | 创造了人们可以自我组织的条件, |
| 2206 | not where they're obeying something else, | 而不是在他们服从别人的地方 |
| 2207 | not where they're being coerced, | 不是在他们被胁迫的地方 |
| 2208 | but where they can notice things, | 但在那里,他们能发现事物, |
| 2209 | where they can build relationships | 在那里他们可以建立关系 |
| 2210 | and where they can experiment and try stuff together. | 他们可以一起试验和尝试 |
| 2211 | And that's how growth really happens. | 增长就是这样发生的。 |
| 2212 | The rule of surprise is really simple. | 惊喜的规则很简单。 |
| 2213 | It's that if you know it's gonna happen, | 如果你知道事情会发生 |
| 2214 | you're doing it wrong. | 你做错了 |
| 2215 | If you know what's going to happen, | 如果你知道会发生什么 |
| 2216 | then you are operating a machine. | 然后你在操作一台机器。 |
| 2217 | But if you're actually trying to flourish, | 但是如果你真的想要繁荣 |
| 2218 | if you're actually trying to create something new, | 如果你真的想创造新的东西, |
| 2219 | you shouldn't know what's going to happen. | 你不应该知道会发生什么。 |
| 2220 | A beautiful example of that, | 一个美丽的例子, |
| 2221 | there was a neighborhood in the Netherlands | 荷兰有个街区 |
| 2222 | and it was a very sort of rundown old neighborhood. | 它是一个非常 破旧的老邻居。 |
| 2223 | And there were two guys who used to sit on their stoops | 有两个家伙曾经坐在他们的脚下 |
| 2224 | in front of the neighborhood. | 在邻居面前。 |
| 2225 | 他们的名字是Patrick和Lean Dirt。 | |
| 2226 | They were handymen who didn't really have a job, | 他们是没有工作的人 |
| 2227 | but one day they got a little bit bored | 但有一天他们有点无聊 |
| 2228 | and for some reason they looked at their street | 不知何故,他们看着他们的街道 |
| 2229 | and it didn't have any flowers on it, | 上面没有花 |
| 2230 | so they decided to build a flower box. | 所以他们决定建一个花盒 |
| 2231 | They pried up the bricks of their street. | 他们爬上街道的砖头。 |
| 2232 | They arranged it as a flower box. | 他们安排它作为一个花盒。 |
| 2233 | They plunked in some flowers | 他们掉进花里 |
| 2234 | and then their neighbors noticed. | 然后他们的邻居注意到了。 |
| 2235 | And their neighbor said, could you build that for me? | 他们的邻居说 你能帮我盖一下吗? |
| 2236 | And then they taught other people how to build it. | 然后他们教别人如何建造它。 |
| 2237 | And pretty soon there's a hundred flower boxes | 很快就有一百个花盒 |
| 2238 | on these streets. | 在街道上。 |
| 2239 | And then somebody notices that and they say, | 然后有人注意到,他们说, |
| 2240 | oh, we're in a knitting club. | 哦,我们在一个编织俱乐部。 |
| 2241 | Why don't we knit a really long scarf | 不如我们织一条很长的围巾 |
| 2242 | to go around the lampposts of all the neighborhood? | 绕着周围的灯柱走? |
| 2243 | And then someone else noticed an empty lot. | 后来有人注意到了一片空地. |
| 2244 | Oh, why don't we build a playground from this empty lot? | 哦,我们为什么不建立一个游乐场 从这个空地? |
| 2245 | And then there was some debate over refugees. | 接着,人们就难民问题进行了一些辩论。 |
| 2246 | Some communities in the Netherlands were rejecting them | 荷兰的一些社区拒绝他们 |
| 2247 | and this neighborhood wanted to accept them. | 这个邻居想接受他们 |
| 2248 | And so around the refugee house | 在难民之家周围 |
| 2249 | that they donated for the cause, they wrapped a scarf | 他们为这个事业捐献了一条围巾 |
| 2250 | and they said, what better signal to our new neighbors | 他们说,有什么更好的信号 给我们的新邻居 |
| 2251 | of welcoming than to give them a hand knitted scarf | 而不是给他们一条手织的围巾 |
| 2252 | that we all made. | 我们都做了。 |
| 2253 | The neighborhood was revived | 社区恢复了 |
| 2254 | and no one could have identified a plan | 也没有人能确定一个计划 |
| 2255 | by which that happened. | 事情就是这样发生的 |
| 2256 | That happened because one thing led to another. | 这是因为一件事导致了另一件事。 |
| 2257 | Each thing generated a new pattern | 每样东西都产生了新的模式 |
| 2258 | that everyone could notice and respond to. | 人人都会注意到并作出反应。 |
| 2259 | The flowers, everyone sees that. | 鲜花,每个人都看到。 |
| 2260 | And then that leads to the scarves | 然后,这导致 疤痕 |
| 2261 | and that leads to the playground and that leads. | 通往游乐场 通往游乐场 |
| 2262 | And that's how growth actually happens. | 增长就是这样发生的。 |
| 2263 | Mathematicians call them attractors. | 数学家称之为吸引者. |
| 2264 | They're when you change the energy of a system, | 当你改变一个系统的能量时, |
| 2265 | it generates new patterns. | 它会产生新的模式。 |
| 2266 | And so those new patterns are what flourishing groups | 因此,这些新模式 是兴旺的团体 |
| 2267 | are really skilled at creating. | 很有创造能力 |
| 2268 | And I think it spotlights something even deeper. | 我认为它更能突出一些更深层的东西。 |
| 2269 | We tend to think of groups as these fixed things. | 我们倾向于把群体看作是这些固定的东西。 |
| 2270 | We tend to think of groups and communities, | 我们倾向于思考团体和社区, |
| 2271 | but in fact, in practice, they operate more like rivers. | 但实际上,实际上,它们的运作 更像河流。 |
| 2272 | What's happening in these cases of this neighborhood, | 这附近发生什么了? |
| 2273 | what's happening in these cases of like building 20 | 这20号楼的情况 |
| 2274 | is that the energy and the relationships | 是能量和关系 |
| 2275 | are being sort of funneled and moved towards some horizon. | 正在被漏斗和移动到某种地平线。 |
| 2276 | And just like when you tilt a river, | 就像你倾斜河流时 |
| 2277 | you get new patterns swirling up. | 你得到新的模式 旋转起来。 |
| 2278 | People aren't machines. | 人们不是机器。 |
| 2279 | As a group, we operate more like rivers. | 作为一个团体,我们更像河流。 |
| 2280 | And as parents and as business leaders and as teachers, | 身为家长、企业领袖和教师 |
| 2281 | one of the most powerful things we can do | 我们能做的最强大的事情之一 |
| 2282 | is create that gradient, | 是创建梯度, |
| 2283 | meaning spotlight a North Star someplace we're going to, | 我们要去的地方 是北极星的聚光灯 |
| 2284 | create a clear space for exploration, | 创造明确的探索空间, |
| 2285 | sort of this and not that, | 那种,而不是那样, |
| 2286 | we're only gonna explore in here, | 我们在这里探险 |
| 2287 | and then give people agency to do whatever they want. | 然后给人代理 做他们想做的事。 |
| 2288 | That's what happens in conditions like building 20. | 20号楼之类的条件就是如此. |
| 2289 | There was clear boundaries. | 有明确的界限。 |
| 2290 | We're in this building. | 我们在这栋楼里 |
| 2291 | There was clear gradient. | 有明显的梯度。 |
| 2292 | Invent something new. | 发明新东西. |
| 2293 | Try to create something that's never been created before. | 试着创造出以前从未创造过的东西. |
| 2294 | And then there was total agency. | 之后还有总代理. |
| 2295 | When somebody wanted to create something new in their lab | 当有人想在实验室里创造新的东西 |
| 2296 | or enlarge their lab, | 或者扩大其实验室, |
| 2297 | they got out their saw and they cut a hole in the wall. | 他们从锯子里出来,在墙上挖了一个洞。 |
| 2298 | When they wanted to run wire, they ran it themselves. | 当他们想运行电线时,他们自己运行. |
| 2299 | When they wanted to do something, | 当他们想做什么的时候 |
| 2300 | they didn't have to ask permission. | 他们不需要征求许可 |
| 2301 | And so this combination of agency, guardrails, and horizon | 所以这种机构、护栏和地平线的结合 |
| 2302 | is really powerful toolkit | 是一个非常强大的工具箱 |
| 2303 | for tilting the river of an organization. | 给一个组织的河流倾斜。 |
| 2304 | And that's where the rule of surprise comes in, | 这就是出其不意的规则 |
| 2305 | because if you know what's gonna happen, | 因为如果你知道会发生什么 |
| 2306 | if you're predicting it and controlling it, | 如果你在预测和控制它, |
| 2307 | then people aren't really free. | 那么人们并不真正自由。 |
| 2308 | You don't really have that kind of exploration | 你真的没有那种探索 |
| 2309 | that does lead to something new. | 这确实带来了新的东西。 |
| 2310 | The rule of surprise changes | 出其不意的规则改变了 |
| 2311 | the way you think about the future. | 你对未来的思考 |
| 2312 | We tend to think about the future | 我们总是想着未来 |
| 2313 | as if it is kind of this fixed destination | 好像它是一种固定的目的地 |
| 2314 | that we're going toward. | 我们正走向。 |
| 2315 | The future is gonna be the future. | 未来是未来 |
| 2316 | But over and over, I keep encountering places. | 但一遍又一遍,我不断遇到一些地方。 |
| 2317 | And if we reflect on our own life, | 如果我们反思自己的生活, |
| 2318 | I think we still see this pattern, | 我想我们还是能看到这个模式 |
| 2319 | that the future we're creating | 我们创造的未来 |
| 2320 | is a result of a series of explorations that we're making. | 是我们进行的一系列探索的结果。 |
| 2321 | We're creating our own future in a deep way, | 我们以深刻的方式创造自己的未来 |
| 2322 | in the same way those people in Building 20, | 和20号楼的人一样 |
| 2323 | in the same way that that rugby team, | 就像橄榄球队一样 |
| 2324 | in the same way that that neighborhood | 就像那个邻居一样 |
| 2325 | in the Netherlands did. | 在荷兰 |
| 2326 | Making these explorations, | 进行这些探索, |
| 2327 | stopping, noticing what happened, | 停下来,注意到发生了什么, |
| 2328 | and building on those things. | 利用这些东西 |
| 2329 | That's how community gets built. | 社区就是这样建立的. |
| 2330 | It's when people turn toward each other | 是人向着对方转 |
| 2331 | and they say, how can we make this better? | 他们说,我们怎样才能改善呢? |
| 2332 | And they try something. | 他们尝试了什么。 |
| 2333 | That's the moment. | 即于此时. |
| 2334 | That's the moment that happened on that street in Paris. | 在巴黎那条街上发生的那一刻 |
| 2335 | Creating conditions where people can turn toward each other | 创造人们可以相互向往的条件 |
| 2336 | and say, how can we make this better? | 并且说,我们怎样才能改善这一切呢? |
| 2337 | When we think about our relationship to the future, | 当我们想到我们与未来的关系 |
| 2338 | I think we sometimes take a fearful stance. | 我认为我们有时会采取恐惧的态度。 |
| 2339 | We're sort of hoping things work out, | 我们有点希望事情能解决, |
| 2340 | and it sort of feels like a gamble. | 感觉就像赌博 |
| 2341 | But I think the lesson | 但我认为教训 |
| 2342 | that these flourishing communities teach us | 这些繁荣的社区教导我们 |
| 2343 | is that the future isn't something that's fixed. | 未来不是固定的 |
| 2344 | It's something you're in conversation with. | 这是你正在交谈的东西。 |
| 2345 | You can't control it, but you can nudge it, | 你不能控制它, 但你可以调整它, |
| 2346 | and you can influence it, | 你可以影响它, |
| 2347 | and you can change it in profound ways | 你可以深刻地改变它 |
| 2348 | by turning toward the people next to you | 转身走向你身边的人 |
| 2349 | and asking, what can we do to make this better? | 问,我们能做些什么来改善这一切? |
| 2350 | After studying all these groups, | 在研究了所有这些群体之后, |
| 2351 | there's some really clear differences. | 有一些非常明显的区别。 |
| 2352 | It becomes very stark between groups | 在群体之间变得非常明显 |
| 2353 | that become more than the sum of their parts | 超过其部分的总和 |
| 2354 | and are able to create flourishing | 能够创造繁荣, |
| 2355 | and groups that become less. | 和越来越少的团体。 |
| 2356 | I think of it mostly in three different categories. | 我认为这主要分为三类。 |
| 2357 | The first one is a sense of fun. | 初一为趣. |
| 2358 | The groups that add up to more, that really flourish, | 团体加起来更多, 真正繁荣, |
| 2359 | are places where there is a presence of joy and delight. | 是快乐和喜悦的地方 |
| 2360 | Delight for no reason, | 无缘无故, |
| 2361 | delight just in the mere presence of each other, | 快乐的只是 彼此的存在, |
| 2362 | delight in the failures, delight in the imperfections. | 喜欢失败 喜欢不完美 |
| 2363 | The second thing they have is this sense of forgiveness. | 他们的第二点就是这种宽恕感。 |
| 2364 | There's this sense of imperfection is okay. | 有这种不完美的感觉是好的. |
| 2365 | There's a saying that my kids taught me recently. | 有句话说,我的孩子最近教我。 |
| 2366 | The saying is, annoyance is the price of community. | 谚语是,烦恼是社区的代价。 |
| 2367 | And I love that because I saw that at these places. | 我喜欢,因为我看到这些地方。 |
| 2368 | They weren't doing things the most efficient way. | 他们没有用最有效的方法做事情 |
| 2369 | There's probably more efficient ways to organize people | 可能还有更有效的组织方式 |
| 2370 | than Patrick Bernard did with that long table, | 比帕特里克・伯纳德用那张长桌子, |
| 2371 | and there's definitely more efficient ways | 肯定有更有效的方法 |
| 2372 | to organize laboratories than MIT did, | 组织实验室,比麻省理工学院, |
| 2373 | but it ain't about being organized. | 但这不是组织。 |
| 2374 | It ain't about being efficient. | 这不是关于效率。 |
| 2375 | These inefficiencies are just evidence | 这些低效率只是证据 |
| 2376 | that we're human beings, | 我们是人类, |
| 2377 | and they're evidence everyone is a little bit annoying, | 他们证明每个人都有点烦人, |
| 2378 | and that friction, our modern world treats it | 而摩擦,我们的现代世界对待它 |
| 2379 | as something that is almost sort of toxic | 作为几乎有毒的东西 |
| 2380 | and should be removed from everything, | 应该远离一切, |
| 2381 | but actually welcoming that friction | 但实际上欢迎摩擦 |
| 2382 | and forgiving that friction, | 并原谅摩擦, |
| 2383 | forgiving that annoyance and knowing | 原谅我的烦恼和了解 |
| 2384 | that we're also annoying. | 我们也很烦人 |
| 2385 | And the third thing that I saw | 还有我看到的第三件事 |
| 2386 | was that there's sort of a lack of fear. | 是那种缺乏恐惧。 |
| 2387 | There's this security that they have | 他们有个保安 |
| 2388 | within their community, | 在其社区内, |
| 2389 | the security that these groups have | 这些团体的安全 |
| 2390 | that allows them to make these daring explorations. | 这样他们就可以大胆地探索 |
| 2391 | There's a saying that all of life | 有句话说,所有的生命 |
| 2392 | is a series of daring explorations from a secure base. | 是一系列大胆的探索 从安全的基地。 |
| 2393 | And that's what these places embody, | 这就是这些地方的象征, |
| 2394 | this idea that when you have that deep connection, | 这个想法 当你有如此深厚的联系 |
| 2395 | that deep, meaningful connection with people, | 与人有着深厚而有意义的联系, |
| 2396 | that you can make these kind of fearless moves. | 你可以做出这种无畏的举动。 |
| 2397 | In moments of adversity, | 在逆境时 |
| 2398 | we're often told, oh, everything will be okay, | 我们经常被告知 一切都会好起来的 |
| 2399 | everything will be okay. | 一切都会好的 |
| 2400 | But in these flourishing groups, | 但是在这些繁荣的团体中 |
| 2401 | I heard a different message. | 我听到一个不同的消息。 |
| 2402 | I heard a message that was more like, | 我听到一个更像, |
| 2403 | nothing's gonna be perfect, and you'll never be alone. | 没有什么会是完美的, 你永远不会孤独。 |
| 2404 | That was the message that you would hear in those groups, | 这是你们在这些团体中听到的信息, |
| 2405 | that the security of that attachment, | 该附件的安全, |
| 2406 | the deep connected meaning of that attachment, | 深层连结意义 的附着, |
| 2407 | it's not about saying everything's gonna be great, | 不是说一切都会好起来的 |
| 2408 | it's about saying nothing's gonna be great, actually, | 是说没有什么会是伟大的,其实, |
| 2409 | and that's okay, because we're gonna be together. | 没关系,因为我们会在一起的 |
| 2410 | That, to me, embodies the sort of the mindset | 对我来说,这体现了一种心态 |
| 2411 | and kind of the heart set of flourishing communities. | 以及那群繁荣的社区 |
| 2412 | I think if there's one key takeaway from all of this, | 我认为如果有一个关键 从这一切, |
| 2413 | I can tell you one thing, | 我可以告诉你一件事, |
| 2414 | it does not show a straight line story. | 它不显示一个直线的故事。 |
| 2415 | I keep telling the story of these sort of messy spirals, | 我不停地说这些混乱的螺旋的故事, |
| 2416 | spirals upward, these spirals that these communities, | 螺旋上升,这些螺旋 这些社区, |
| 2417 | these individuals are making, | 这些人正在做, |
| 2418 | high performing cultures are making, | 高性能文化正在形成, |
| 2419 | and different communities are making. | 和不同的社区正在形成。 |
| 2420 | If we're gonna have tools to navigate that shape, | 如果我们要有工具来导航这个形状, |
| 2421 | and I think if you take a pen out and a blank piece of paper | 我想如果你拿出笔和一张空白的纸 |
| 2422 | and map the story of your own life, | 并描绘你们自己的故事, |
| 2423 | you won't be drawing a straight line. | 你不会画一条直线。 |
| 2424 | You'll be drawing a very squiggly sort of spiral, | 你会画出一种非常尖锐的螺旋形 |
| 2425 | hopefully upward, but there's gonna be all kinds of turns | 希望往上走,但会有各种转弯 |
| 2426 | where you're gonna be going the wrong direction, | 在那里你会去错误的方向, |
| 2427 | and you're gonna realize it, you're gonna fix it, | 你会意识到,你会修复它, |
| 2428 | and then you'll be going the wrong direction again, | 然后你会再次走错方向, |
| 2429 | and then you realize it, you're gonna fix it, | 然后你意识到, 你会修复它, |
| 2430 | and it's a story of resilience and reinvention, | 它是一个关于复原和再造的故事, |
| 2431 | and that's what natural systems are really good at. | 这就是自然系统真正擅长的。 |
| 2432 | If you look out your window at a tree or a vine, | 如果你看着窗外的树或藤条 |
| 2433 | or moss or a mushroom, living systems are really, | 或苔藓或蘑菇, 活的系统真的, |
| 2434 | really good at resilience and reinvention. | 善于复原和革新 |
| 2435 | I think it shows by identifying that in our own life | 我想这可以证明在我们自己的生活中 |
| 2436 | and kind of letting go of the straight line story, | 并放弃直线的故事, |
| 2437 | the straight line illusion that every day | 每天的直线幻觉 |
| 2438 | is gonna be a clear A to B, that our life or our career, | 我们的生活或事业 |
| 2439 | our relationships are gonna be A to B, | 我们的关系将是A到B, |
| 2440 | at seeing this twisted curving spiral | 看到这个曲折的螺旋 |
| 2441 | and thinking about what tools are gonna help me | 想想什么工具能帮助我 |
| 2442 | navigate that with other people, | 和别人一起导航 |
| 2443 | what relationships are gonna help me navigate that | 什么关系会帮助我导航 |
| 2444 | with other people, what thoughts are gonna help me | 与其他人,什么思想 会帮助我 |
| 2445 | navigate without other people, what modes of attention | 导航没有其他人, 什么样的关注模式 |
| 2446 | are gonna help me navigate that with other people. | 帮我和别人一起导航 |
| 2447 | It's a deeper, bigger, and I think a better story | 这是一个更深,更大的, 我认为一个更好的故事 |
| 2448 | than kind of the story of straight lines. | 比那句直线的故事还重要。 |
| 2449 | It's messier, it's more challenging in some ways, | 情况比较糟 更难应付 |
| 2450 | it's slower, it's more frustrating, | 慢点,更让人沮丧 |
| 2451 | and it's also more authentically human, | 而且更真实的人类, |
| 2452 | and I think richer and more rewarding in the end. | 我觉得最后更富有 更有收获 |
| 2453 | Four times a year, we print a magazine | 一年四次,我们出版杂志 |
| 2454 | worth putting your phone down for. | 值得把手机放下来 |
| 2455 | Big Think's premium print magazine is built | 大块 思考的溢价 印刷杂志的建立 |
| 2456 | with custom artwork and expert insight | 与风俗艺术和专家见解 |
| 2457 | from the world's biggest thinkers. | 从世界上最大的思想家。 |
| 2458 | No AI slop, no rage bait, just big ideas for curious people. | 没有AI sloop, 没有愤怒的诱饵, 只是大主意 对于好奇的人。 |
| 2459 | Support the media you wanna see in the world. | 支持你想在世界上看到的媒体。 |
| 2460 | Go to bigthink.com slash会员加入. |
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