【BBC六分钟】为什么越常看书的人越聪明？看书到底是如何改变
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:04 | Hello, welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. | 你好,欢迎收看6分钟英语 从BBC学习英语。 |
| 0:12 | I'm Becca. | 我是贝卡。 |
| 0:13 | And I'm Georgie. | 我是乔治 |
| 0:14 | Remember, you can find all this episode's vocabulary along with a transcript | 记住,你可以找到所有 这集的词汇 和记录稿 |
| 0:18 | 和我们网站上的工作表, bbclearningenglish.com. | |
| 0:22 | Now, Becca, do you read a lot? | 贝卡,你读了很多吗? |
| 0:25 | I don't read often. | 不常读书. |
| 0:26 | I just feel like I don't have the time, Georgie. | 我只是觉得没有时间,乔治 |
| 0:29 | How about yourself? | 你自己怎么样? |
| 0:30 | I would love to read more, but I don't read very much at the moment. | 我很想多读些 但我现在不太会看 |
展开字幕全文（116 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hello, welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. | 你好,欢迎收看6分钟英语 从BBC学习英语。 |
| 2 | I'm Becca. | 我是贝卡。 |
| 3 | And I'm Georgie. | 我是乔治 |
| 4 | Remember, you can find all this episode's vocabulary along with a transcript | 记住,你可以找到所有 这集的词汇 和记录稿 |
| 5 | 和我们网站上的工作表, bbclearningenglish.com. | |
| 6 | Now, Becca, do you read a lot? | 贝卡,你读了很多吗? |
| 7 | I don't read often. | 不常读书. |
| 8 | I just feel like I don't have the time, Georgie. | 我只是觉得没有时间,乔治 |
| 9 | How about yourself? | 你自己怎么样? |
| 10 | I would love to read more, but I don't read very much at the moment. | 我很想多读些 但我现在不太会看 |
| 11 | I read mostly before bed | 我多在睡觉前看书 |
| 12 | because I feel like it helps me relax and go to sleep. | 因为我觉得这能帮助我放松 睡觉 |
| 13 | And today we're talking all about reading. | 而今说一切读诵. |
| 14 | We'll be hearing from some experts about how reading can change our brains. | 我们会从一些专家那里得知 阅读如何改变我们的大脑。 |
| 15 | And as usual, | 就像往常一样 |
| 16 | we'll be learning some useful new words and phrases. | 我们将学习一些有用的新词和短语。 |
| 17 | Let's start with a quiz question. | 先试问. |
| 18 | The longest novel in the world is widely thought to be by French author Marcel Proust, a book which | 世界上最长的小说被法国作家马塞尔·普鲁斯特广泛认为是一本书 |
| 19 | when translated into English means remembrance of things past. | 当翻译成英语时,意味着纪念过去的事情。 |
| 20 | But how many words does the book | 但书里有多少字 |
| 21 | contain? | 包含 ? |
| 22 | Is it A, 130,000, B, 1.3 million or C, 13 million? | 是A,13万,B,130万还是C,1300万? |
| 23 | Okay, the longest novel in the world. | 好吧,世界上最长的小说。 |
| 24 | I still think 13 million words sounds too many. | 我仍然认为,1 300万字听起来太多了。 |
| 25 | So I'm going to go with B, 1.3 million. | 所以我要和B去,130万。 |
| 26 | All right, we'll find out at the end of the program. | 好吧,我们会发现 在程序的最后。 |
| 27 | Now, we might think of reading as like | 现在,我们可能认为阅读像 |
| 28 | speaking. | 说话 |
| 29 | We're born with the potential to do it and then we learn. | 我们天生就有这样做的潜力,然后我们学习. |
| 30 | It's natural. | 自然无碍. |
| 31 | If something | 如果有什么问题 |
| 32 | is natural, it's something you were born with or that comes from nature. | 这是自然的,这是你生来的东西 或者来自自然。 |
| 33 | But Marianne Wolfe, | 但玛丽安·沃尔夫 |
| 34 | author of the book Reader Come Home, says that this isn't true. | "读者回家"一书的作者说,这不是真的. |
| 35 | We think of language as natural | 我们认为语言是自然的 |
| 36 | and reading is written language, so it must be natural. | 阅读是书面语言,所以必须是自然的。 |
| 37 | But it isn't. | 但事实并非如此。 |
| 38 | It isn't natural at all. | 这不是自然的。 |
| 39 | Scientific studies suggest that when we're born, our brains already have the networks that allow | 科学研究表明,当我们出生时,我们的大脑已经拥有了允许 |
| 40 | our eyes to see and our vocal cords to produce sounds, but not with the pathways we need to read. | 我们的目光 和我们的声带 产生声音, 但不是与路径 我们需要阅读。 |
| 41 | Let's hear more from psychologist and neuroscientist Rebecca Gottlieb speaking to the | 让我们听听心理学家和神经科学家 丽贝卡·戈特利布在和 |
| 42 | BBC World Service. | BBC世界服务. |
| 43 | From an evolutionary time scale, our brain hasn't had enough time to | 从进化的时间尺度来看 我们的大脑没有足够时间 |
| 44 | develop a dedicated reading brain. | 开发专用的阅读大脑。 |
| 45 | And so to build a reading brain network, we co-opt parts | 为了建立一个读取大脑网络,我们共同选择部分 |
| 46 | of the brain involved in vision and auditory processing and language and attention and affect. | 大脑在视觉和听觉处理 语言和注意力和影响。 |
| 47 | Reading is really a whole brain process. | 阅读其实是一个完整的大脑过程。 |
| 48 | It involves activation in all four lobes of | 它涉及激活所有四个叶子 |
| 49 | the cortex. | 皮层。 |
| 50 | The process of developing a reading brain alters everything from brain activity | 大脑的发育过程会改变一切 |
| 51 | to brain structure and brain connectivity. | 大脑结构和大脑连接。 |
| 52 | The power of deep reading is really fundamental | 深读的力量是根本的 |
| 53 | to our humanity. | 我们的人性。 |
| 54 | When we read deeply, we change our brains and we change who we are. | 当我们深思熟虑时,我们改变我们的大脑,改变我们的身份。 |
| 55 | Rebecca says that our brains haven't evolved to include a dedicated reading brain. | Rebecca说我们的大脑还没有进化到 包括一个专注的阅读大脑 |
| 56 | Dedicated | 专注 |
| 57 | here means designed and used for one particular purpose. | 这里指为某一特定目的设计和使用。 |
| 58 | So because we don't have a part of the | 因为我们没有参与 |
| 59 | brain, co-opt here means to include someone or something often against their will. | 大脑,共同选择这里的意思是包括某个人或者经常违背自己意愿的东西. |
| 60 | Right, | 对 |
| 61 | learning to read means using lots of different parts of the brain that are designed for other | 学习阅读意味着使用大脑中很多不同的部分,这些部分是为其他部分设计的 |
| 62 | things. | 东西。 |
| 63 | And this changes our brain structure compared to someone who hasn't learned to read. | 这改变了我们的大脑结构 比起一个没有学会阅读的人。 |
| 64 | And the language we read also shapes our brain. | 我们读的语言也塑造了我们的大脑。 |
| 65 | Chinese characters, for example, | 例如中国人物 |
| 66 | use symbols instead of letters of the alphabet to represent words and ideas. | 使用符号而不是字母表的字母来代表文字和思想. |
| 67 | Research suggests that learning to read these symbols activates different areas of the brain | 研究表明,学习阅读这些符号会激活大脑的不同区域. |
| 68 | to reading an alphabet based system. | 以读取基于字母的系统。 |
| 69 | Scientists studied a bilingual man who could read and speak | 科学家研究一个能读能说的人 |
| 70 | Chinese and English. | 华语和英语. |
| 71 | The man suffered a stroke, which affected parts of his brain, including his | 这名男子中风,他脑部部分部位受到影响,包括: |
| 72 | ability to read Chinese. | 阅读中文的能力。 |
| 73 | But amazingly, he was still able to read English. | 但惊人的是,他仍然能够读英语. |
| 74 | Marianne Wolf explains | 玛丽安·沃尔夫解释 |
| 75 | more to the BBC World Service. | 更多英国广播公司世界服务。 |
| 76 | It's a beautiful example of how the brain's circuit reflects the | 这是脑电路如何反映 |
| 77 | requirements of Chinese, which inevitably means more visual memory and visual processing of those | 中文要求,不可避免地意味着这些要求的视觉内存和视觉处理 |
| 78 | beautifully intricate symbols or characters. | 美丽的复杂符号或字符。 |
| 79 | Marianne says that the brain's circuit is shaped | 玛丽安说大脑的电路是形状的 |
| 80 | by learning to read Chinese. | 通过学习阅读中文。 |
| 81 | A circuit is a system of connections. | 电路是一个连接系统. |
| 82 | The visual qualities of | 视觉品质 |
| 83 | Chinese symbols inevitably mean more visual areas of the brain are developed. | 中国符号不可避免地意味着大脑的视觉区域得到发展. |
| 84 | Inevitably means in a | 不可避免意味着 |
| 85 | way that cannot be stopped or avoided. | 这是无法阻止或避免的。 |
| 86 | Marianne describes the symbolic Chinese characters as | 玛丽安形容象征性的中国人物是 |
| 87 | beautifully intricate. | 非常复杂。 |
| 88 | If something is intricate, it has lots of detail. | 如果事情复杂,它有很多细节。 |
| 89 | And something which also | 还有一样东西 |
| 90 | has lots of detail or certainly lots of words. | 有很多细节 或肯定很多字。 |
| 91 | I asked you, Georgie, how many words are in Marcel | 我问你,乔治,马赛尔有几句话 |
| 92 | Proust's Remembrance of Things Past? | 普鲁斯特纪念过去的事? |
| 93 | I said 1.3 million. | 我说130万。 |
| 94 | And you were correct. | 你是对的 |
| 95 | Yay. | 赞 |
| 96 | The book also | 书也 |
| 97 | contains lots of very long sentences, including one with over 900 words. | 包含许多非常长的句子,包括一个有900多个字的句子. |
| 98 | One sentence with 900 | 一句话加上900 |
| 99 | words. | 词 |
| 100 | That is a lot. | 这是很多。 |
| 101 | OK, it's time to recap the language we learned during this programme, | 好了,是时候重述一下我们在节目中学到的语言了, |
| 102 | starting with natural, which describes something you were born with or that comes from nature. | 从自然开始,它描述了你生来就有的东西 或者来自自然。 |
| 103 | Dedicated can describe something that is designed and used for one particular purpose. | 专注性可以描述为某一特定目的设计和使用的东西. |
| 104 | If you co-opt someone or something, you involve them, sometimes against their will. | 如果你勾搭某人或什么的, 你涉及他们,有时违背他们的意志。 |
| 105 | A circuit is | 电路是 |
| 106 | a system of connections, for example, in the brain. | 例如大脑中的连接系统。 |
| 107 | Inevitably means in a way that cannot | 不可避免地意味着不能 |
| 108 | be stopped or avoided. | 停止或避免。 |
| 109 | And intricate describes something which has lots of detail. | 复杂地描述了一些有很多细节的东西。 |
| 110 | That's it for | 就是这样 |
| 111 | this episode of 6 Minute English. | 这集6分钟英语。 |
| 112 | Test what you've learned with the worksheet on our website, | 测试你从我们网站上的工作表学到了什么 |
| 113 | bbclearningenglish.com. (原始内容存档于2019-09-29). | |
| 114 | Thanks for joining us. | 谢谢你加入我们 |
| 115 | Goodbye. | 再见 |
| 116 | Bye. | 再见。 |
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