TED演讲：从意见不合的人那里，能学到什么？
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:03 | OK, guys, let's go back to high school. | 好了,伙计们,我们回高中去吧 |
| 0:08 | Does anyone remember that feeling of walking into the school cafeteria | 有人记得走进学校食堂的感觉吗? |
| 0:13 | with your tray in your hand and not knowing where to sit? | 拿着你的托盘 不知该坐在哪里? |
| 0:18 | Yeah, I see some people nodding. | 是的,我看到一些人点头。 |
| 0:19 | OK, cool. | 好吧,凉爽。 |
| 0:21 | You might have sat alone, or perhaps, more likely, | 你可能单独坐着 也许更可能 |
| 0:26 | you looked for someone who felt familiar. | 你在找一个熟悉的人 |
| 0:29 | You sat with a group of people that reminded you | 你和一群人坐在一起 提醒你 |
| 0:31 | of you. | 你们的 |
| 0:33 | And even today, when deciding where to sit, | 即使在今天,当决定 在哪里坐, |
展开字幕全文（189 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | OK, guys, let's go back to high school. | 好了,伙计们,我们回高中去吧 |
| 2 | Does anyone remember that feeling of walking into the school cafeteria | 有人记得走进学校食堂的感觉吗? |
| 3 | with your tray in your hand and not knowing where to sit? | 拿着你的托盘 不知该坐在哪里? |
| 4 | Yeah, I see some people nodding. | 是的,我看到一些人点头。 |
| 5 | OK, cool. | 好吧,凉爽。 |
| 6 | You might have sat alone, or perhaps, more likely, | 你可能单独坐着 也许更可能 |
| 7 | you looked for someone who felt familiar. | 你在找一个熟悉的人 |
| 8 | You sat with a group of people that reminded you | 你和一群人坐在一起 提醒你 |
| 9 | of you. | 你们的 |
| 10 | And even today, when deciding where to sit, | 即使在今天,当决定 在哪里坐, |
| 11 | how many of you chose to sit next to someone | 有多少人选择坐在某个人旁边 |
| 12 | who looked or felt different from you? | 谁看起来或感觉与你不同? |
| 13 | I would bet that not many of you did that. | 我敢打赌,你们没有很多人这样做。 |
| 14 | I guess not much changes in some situations, | 我想有些情况变化不大 |
| 15 | whether you're 17 or you're 70. | 无论你17岁还是70岁 |
| 16 | We've all likely felt this tendency to gravitate towards people | 我们都很可能会感觉到这种倾向 对人倾斜 |
| 17 | who look, think and act like us. | 他们长得像我们 |
| 18 | It's comfortable, but it can also be harmful, | 它很舒服,但也可能有害 |
| 19 | because this polarization that we face today | 因为我们今天面临的两极分化 |
| 20 | isn't just about believing that the other side is factually wrong. | 不只是相信对方错了 |
| 21 | We are beginning to see the other side as malevolent beings | 我们开始把对方看成邪恶的生物 |
| 22 | with a hateful and hidden agenda. | 带着一个憎恶和隐藏的纲领。 |
| 23 | And you can see this. | 你可以看到这一点。 |
| 24 | You can see this in the screaming cable news pundits, | 你可以看到这一点 在尖叫的有线新闻专家, |
| 25 | the politicians who vote down bills | 投票否决法案的政客 |
| 26 | just because they come from the other side of the aisle, | 只是因为他们来自过道的另一边, |
| 27 | the hate groups that violently attack people | 暴力攻击人民的仇恨团体 |
| 28 | who are different from themselves. | 他们与自己不同。 |
| 29 | When I see these things as a teenager, | 当我看到这些事情 作为一个少年, |
| 30 | I just feel so sad, so angry and so scared | 我只是觉得如此悲伤,如此愤怒和害怕 |
| 31 | of this world that I'm soon going to be entering as an adult. | 这个我即将成年的世界 |
| 32 | But there's something that I've found in having conversations with my peers | 但我在和同辈谈话时发现了一些东西 |
| 33 | that I think can be a path forward from all of this, | 我认为可以是一个道路 从这一切, |
| 34 | an approach that focuses on conversations | 注重对话的方法 |
| 35 | with the intent to listen and learn, | 为了倾听和学习, |
| 36 | not to win and not to agree. | 不胜不约. |
| 37 | So I'm a 17-year-old from Naperville, Illinois. | 我17岁来自伊利诺伊州纳珀维尔 |
| 38 | In the summer before my sophomore year of high school, | 在我高中二年级前的夏天 |
| 39 | I attended the ACLU National Advocacy Institute's high school program | 我参加了ACLU国家宣传学院的高中课程 |
| 40 | in Washington, D.C. | 华盛顿特区 |
| 41 | During this program, | 在这个节目期间, |
| 42 | I had the chance to take part in a lot of different political discussions, | 我有机会参加很多不同的政治讨论 |
| 43 | and I remember this one conversation about the death penalty in particular. | 我还记得这段关于死刑的谈话 |
| 44 | So back then, I wholeheartedly believed in this meaning of an eye for an eye, | 那时候 我全心全意地相信 眼对眼的意义 |
| 45 | that punishment should be equal to the offense, | 惩罚应等于罪行, |
| 46 | because, you know, that's what I grew up hearing. | 因为,你知道,这就是我长大后听到的。 |
| 47 | And so I argued the same. | 所以我也这样争论 |
| 48 | I was, however, met with immediate opposition. | 然而,我立即遭到反对。 |
| 49 | My peers told me that the death penalty is state-sanctioned murder | 我的同伴告诉我,死刑是国家批准的谋杀 |
| 50 | and that it reinforces the very behavior that it's trying to suppress. | 它强化了它试图压制的行为 |
| 51 | I tried arguing that the death penalty deters crime, | 我试图论证死刑 威慑犯罪, |
| 52 | but then my peers told me that in states without the death penalty, | 但我的同伴告诉我 在没有死刑的州里 |
| 53 | the murder rate is actually significantly lower. | 谋杀率实际上要低得多 |
| 54 | I then tried arguing that the death penalty brings closure | 后来我试图说死刑结束了 |
| 55 | for the victims' families, | 对于受害者家属, |
| 56 | only to be told that the length between sentencing and execution | 只告知判决与执行之间的时间长度 |
| 57 | actually puts the victims' families through an agonizing wait period. | 实际上让受害者的家人处于痛苦的等待期。 |
| 58 | So by this point, I realized that this debate, | 因此,在这一点上,我意识到,这场辩论, |
| 59 | not going all that great for me, | 对我来说不是那么好 |
| 60 | I realized that my perspective was inherited. | 我意识到我的观点是继承的 |
| 61 | And this is when I decided to stop trying to win the debate, | 我决定不再试图赢得辩论 |
| 62 | and instead, I just listened. | 而我却听了 |
| 63 | And in the months that followed, I took it upon myself to learn more. | 在接下来的几个月里,我不得不去学习更多的东西。 |
| 64 | I pored over articles and data from sources ranging from the more liberal, | 我查过一些文章和数据 从更自由的来源 |
| 65 | like the Brennan Center for Justice, | 就像布伦南正义中心 |
| 66 | to the more conservative, like the Heritage Foundation. | 更保守的, 像传统基金会。 |
| 67 | And I learned that historically, | 我从历史上得知, |
| 68 | capital punishment has been disproportionately applied to people of color, | 死刑不成比例地适用于有色人种, |
| 69 | and that the death penalty isn't actually proven to deter crime. | 而死刑并没有被证明能阻止犯罪 |
| 70 | Slowly, my thinking changed, | 慢慢地,我的想法改变了, |
| 71 | and this change only happened because I engaged with people | 而这个变化只是因为 我与人们接触 |
| 72 | who had opposing perspectives. | 他们有对立的观点。 |
| 73 | You know, it's hard to break out of your own echo chamber | 你知道,这是很难突破 你自己的回声室 |
| 74 | because most of the time, | 因为大多数时候, |
| 75 | we don't realize that we're even in one until we're out of it. | 我们甚至没有意识到我们在一个 直到我们摆脱它。 |
| 76 | But this was my first step. | 但这是我的第一步。 |
| 77 | So shortly after this experience, | 因此,不久之后,这次经验, |
| 78 | I started a nonpartisan initiative called Project Teal | 我发起了一个名为Teal项目的无党派倡议 |
| 79 | to encourage and empower high school students | 鼓励和增强高中学生的能力; |
| 80 | to become politically involved. | 参与政治。 |
| 81 | We discuss a lot of different issues, | 我们讨论了很多不同的问题, |
| 82 | like education equity, voter suppression, racial justice, | 譬如教育公平 镇压选民 种族公正 |
| 83 | and I've seen some amazing things happen | 我见过一些惊人的事情发生 |
| 84 | when people just talk to one another, | 当人们只是交谈, |
| 85 | understanding and accepting of our differences. | 理解和接受我们的分歧。 |
| 86 | I actually remember this one conversation in the summer of 2020. | 我还记得2020年夏天的一次谈话 |
| 87 | There was a boy and a girl | 有一个男孩和一个女孩 |
| 88 | who were debating the merit of the Black Lives Matter movement, | 他们正在辩论黑生命物质运动的优点, |
| 89 | and I remember being afraid | 我记得我很害怕 |
| 90 | that their conversation would evolve into an argument. | 他们的谈话会演变成争论 |
| 91 | But it didn't. | 但它没有。 |
| 92 | Instead, I learned that the girl, who is black, | 相反,我得知 那个女孩,谁是黑人, |
| 93 | came from a family that had been through a couple of rough instances | 来自一个家庭 经历了几次粗糙的情况 |
| 94 | with the police. | 与警察。 与警察。 |
| 95 | And the boy, who was the son of a cop, | 和男孩,谁是警察的儿子, |
| 96 | came from an upbringing in which BLM was labeled | 由BLM的培养而来 |
| 97 | as a movement in defiance of the police. | 作为反抗警察的运动。 |
| 98 | Later on, I was surprised to learn that, | 后来,我很惊讶地得知, |
| 99 | though they still didn't agree, | 虽然他们还是不同意, |
| 100 | the boy and the girl learned something about the other | 男孩和女孩学到了其他的东西 |
| 101 | that they didn't know before. | 他们以前不知道。 |
| 102 | And more than that, | 不仅如此 |
| 103 | they appreciated how it shaped the other person's unique perspective. | 他们很欣赏它塑造了他人独特的视角 |
| 104 | And this was only possible | 只有这样 |
| 105 | because they didn't delve into a shouting match | 因为他们没有去探索一场大喊大叫的比赛 |
| 106 | or call each other disrespectful names. | 或者互相称呼不尊重的名字。 |
| 107 | And for me, this was an aha moment. | 对于我来说,这是个美好的时刻。 |
| 108 | I realized that we shouldn't back away from discussing polarizing issues, | 我意识到我们不应该放弃讨论两极分化的问题, |
| 109 | even if it's with people who disagree with us. | 即使和我们意见不一的人在一起 |
| 110 | Sure, it's uncomfortable, | 当然,这很不舒服, |
| 111 | and yeah, I'd probably agree that we don't change our minds most of the time. | 是的,我可能同意 我们大部分时间不会改变主意。 |
| 112 | But we can better understand opposing perspectives, | 但我们可以更好地了解对立的观点, |
| 113 | which can help us to better advocate for our own beliefs. | 它可以帮助我们更好地倡导我们自己的信仰。 |
| 114 | And maybe, just maybe, | 也许,只是也许, |
| 115 | it even allows us to reach a compromise when the situation demands it. | 它甚至允许我们在局势需要时达成妥协。 |
| 116 | So I think the question remains, | 所以,我认为问题仍然是, |
| 117 | how can we create space for this kind of bipartisan discourse? | 我们如何为这种两党对话创造空间? |
| 118 | Well, I think the first step is finding a community. | 我认为第一步是找到一个社区。 |
| 119 | When I think back to my experience in the ACLU, | 当我回想起我在ACLU的经验时 |
| 120 | I think the reason we were able to have that civil discourse | 我想我们之所以能有这种民间言论 |
| 121 | was because we recognized that we were a part of a greater cause, | 因为我们承认我们是一个伟大事业的一部分, |
| 122 | and because my peers knew me, | 因为我的同伴认识我 |
| 123 | not just as an opposing voice, | 不只是一个对立的声音, |
| 124 | but as Shreya, | 但作为史莱雅, |
| 125 | their peer, their fellow teen activist and their friend. | 他们的同伴,他们的同伴 青少年活动家和他们的朋友。 |
| 126 | And when we are able to recognize what unites us, | 而当我们能够认识到什么是团结我们, |
| 127 | it becomes so much easier to have conversations about what divides us. | 谈论我们之间的分歧 变得容易多了 |
| 128 | And most Americans actually validate what I have seen in practice. | 大部分美国人都证实了我在实践中所看到的。 |
| 129 | While 77 percent of American voters | 77%的美国选民 |
| 130 | polled before the 2020 presidential election | 2020年总统选举前民意调查. |
| 131 | said that they had just a few or no-close friends | 说他们只有几个朋友或者没有朋友 |
| 132 | who supported the other side's candidate, | 他们是支持对方候选人的, |
| 133 | 79 percent of Americans agree | 79%的美国人同意 |
| 134 | that creating opportunities for bipartisan civil discourse | 创造两党民间对话的机会; |
| 135 | would be effective in reducing divisions. | 将有效地减少分歧。 |
| 136 | 79 percent. | 百分之七十九点 |
| 137 | That's pretty incredible, if you ask me. | 这真是不可思议,如果你问我。 |
| 138 | We all have affinity groups that we can join. | 我们都有亲和的团体 我们可以加入。 |
| 139 | Maybe it's a friend group at your place of work, | 也许是你工作的地方的一个朋友团体 |
| 140 | a book club at the local library | 当地图书馆的读书俱乐部 |
| 141 | or the PTA at your kid's school. | 或者你孩子的学校的PTA |
| 142 | Whatever this group is, | 不管这群人是什么 |
| 143 | try to have an uncomfortable conversation with them, | 试着和他们谈话, |
| 144 | at least once a week. | 至少一个星期一次。 |
| 145 | Now, OK, what exactly constitutes as uncomfortable? | 现在,OK,什么是真正 构成不舒服? |
| 146 | I would say that's really up for you to decide. | 我会说这真的由你决定。 |
| 147 | It can be about politics, sure, | 可能是为了政治 |
| 148 | or it can be about a different topic entirely, | 或者它可能是一个不同的话题 完全, |
| 149 | like religion or identity. | 像宗教或身份一样 |
| 150 | Whatever this topic may be, | 不管这个话题是什么 |
| 151 | just talk about something that's uncomfortable, | 说点不舒服的事 |
| 152 | unconventional and meaningful to you. | 对你来说是非常规和有意义的 |
| 153 | And most importantly, do it with the intent to listen and learn, | 最重要的是,做它的意图 倾听和学习, |
| 154 | not to win and not to agree. | 不胜不约. |
| 155 | And, you know, another tip, | 而且,你知道,另一个小费, |
| 156 | make sure to stay off of your phone for this conversation. | 一定要保持你的电话 对于这个谈话。 |
| 157 | Yeah. | 对 |
| 158 | You know, as someone who's pretty much obsessed with TikTok, | 你知道 作为一个对TikTok很着迷的人 |
| 159 | I completely understand how addicting social media can be. | 我完全理解社交媒体的上瘾程度。 |
| 160 | Believe me. | 信我说. |
| 161 | But by discussing polarizing issues online, | 但是通过在网上讨论两极化问题, |
| 162 | we lose that person-to-person connection | 我们失去了人与人之间的联系 |
| 163 | that really humanizes opposing perspectives, | 真正人性化 对立的观点, |
| 164 | that allows us to see and empathize with one another. | 那样我们才能看到并同情对方。 |
| 165 | Because by having these conversations, | 因为通过这些谈话, |
| 166 | you will gain insight into people who think differently than you do. | 你会深入了解 与你不同想法的人。 |
| 167 | And who knows, maybe you'll convince someone | 谁知道呢,也许你会说服别人 |
| 168 | of a belief that you hold dearly, | 信仰你们所珍视的, |
| 169 | or maybe you'll even be moved to reconsider your own viewpoint. | 或者你甚至会被感动去重新考虑你自己的观点 |
| 170 | In a month's time, I'm going to be graduating from high school. | 一个月后高中毕业. |
| 171 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
| 172 | Over the past four years, | 过去四年来, |
| 173 | I've learned a lot about creating positive discourse, | 我学到了很多关于创造正面的言论, |
| 174 | but I'm still scared of this polarization, | 但我还是害怕这种两极分化 |
| 175 | this growing unwillingness to view those who politically disagree with us as human. | 越来越不愿意把在政治上不同意我们的人视为人类。 |
| 176 | Honestly, it's a little overwhelming to think | 老实说,想起来有点过分 |
| 177 | that I'm soon going to enter this reality | 我马上就要踏入现实 |
| 178 | where I'll be confronted with this division, | 在那里我会面对这个师, |
| 179 | where I'll be stereotyped and judged by my ideology, my identity | 在那里,我会被定型 和判断 我的意识形态,我的身份 |
| 180 | and my way of thinking by people who don't even know the real me. | 和我的思维方式的人 谁甚至不知道真正的我。 |
| 181 | As a teenager, it's a lot. | 少年时,甚多. |
| 182 | And I know that many of my fellow Gen Z-ers feel the exact same way. | 我知道很多我的Gen Z -ers朋友 也有同样的感觉。 |
| 183 | And this is precisely why addressing this polarization crisis | 这就是解决两极分化危机的原因 |
| 184 | is so urgent and demands action from all of us. | 如此紧迫,需要我们大家采取行动。 |
| 185 | Just for one moment, go back to that high school cafeteria, | 就一会儿 回高中餐厅去 |
| 186 | but this time, you sit down with that other crowd, | 但这次,你和那群人坐下 |
| 187 | the kids who didn't look or think like you do, | 那些不像你那样的小孩 |
| 188 | and just imagine what you could have learned. | 想象一下你能学到什么 |
| 189 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
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