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TED演讲:如果美国总统候选人在选举后拒绝承认败选会怎样?

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0:04Okay, as an attorney, as a political commentator, and frankly, as a former White House official,好吧 作为一名律师 作为一名政治评论员 坦白说 作为一位前白宫官员
0:11I used to think I knew a lot about how America picks a president.我以前觉得我知道美国如何挑选总统
0:15I was wrong.我错了
0:16I did not know.我当时不知道
0:18And this year, I've been doing some research into some of the fine print and all the different今年,我一直在研究一些 精细的印刷品和所有不同的
0:23things in our constitution that we never talk about.在我们的宪法中,我们从来没有谈论过的事情。
0:26And I've discovered some legal loopholes that shocked me, I guarantee it will shock you,我发现了一些法律漏洞 令我震惊,我保证会吓到你
0:32and could determine the way that the presidential election in 2020 turns out.并且可以决定2020年总统选举的结果。
0:37For instance, did you know that under our constitution, a presidential candidate could例如,你知道根据我们的宪法,总统候选人可以
0:43actually lose the popular vote, fail to get a majority in the electoral college, refuse在选举团里没有获得多数 拒绝
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1Okay, as an attorney, as a political commentator, and frankly, as a former White House official,好吧 作为一名律师 作为一名政治评论员 坦白说 作为一位前白宫官员
2I used to think I knew a lot about how America picks a president.我以前觉得我知道美国如何挑选总统
3I was wrong.我错了
4I did not know.我当时不知道
5And this year, I've been doing some research into some of the fine print and all the different今年,我一直在研究一些 精细的印刷品和所有不同的
6things in our constitution that we never talk about.在我们的宪法中,我们从来没有谈论过的事情。
7And I've discovered some legal loopholes that shocked me, I guarantee it will shock you,我发现了一些法律漏洞 令我震惊,我保证会吓到你
8and could determine the way that the presidential election in 2020 turns out.并且可以决定2020年总统选举的结果。
9For instance, did you know that under our constitution, a presidential candidate could例如,你知道根据我们的宪法,总统候选人可以
10actually lose the popular vote, fail to get a majority in the electoral college, refuse在选举团里没有获得多数 拒绝
11to concede, manipulate hidden mechanisms in our government, and still get sworn in as承认 操纵政府的秘密机制
12a president of the United States of America?美利坚合众国总统?
13That's a true fact.这是事实
14I know it sounds like some crazy House of Cards episode, and I wish it was, because我知道这听起来像一些疯狂的 卡片之家插曲, 我希望它是,因为
15then we could just change the channel, but I just described to you a real world, real然后我们可以改变频道, 但我刚刚告诉你一个真实的世界,真实的
16life possibility that could occur this year, the year I'm talking, in 2020, or in some今年,我所说的那一年,2020年,或者一些
17other year, if we don't fix some of these glitches in our system.另一年,如果我们不修复 我们系统中的一些故障。
18So if you think, though, that the American people's choice in a U.S. presidential election所以,如果你认为, 美国人民选择 在美国总统大选
19should actually be sworn in to become president of the United States, please pay attention应该宣誓成为美国总统 请注意
20to this talk.来参加这次演讲
21I'm going to teach you how to stop a coup.授 you州府知府,止政变.
22Okay?好吗?
23Now, where to begin?现在,从哪里开始?
24All right, how about this?好吧,这样如何?
25It turns out that one of the main safeguards of U.S. democracy is not in the Constitution事实证明,美国民主的主要保障之一 不在宪法中
26at all.一点也不
27It's not in the law at all.于一切法中不现.
28It's actually just a little tradition, it's a little custom, and yet this one voluntary其实只是一点传统,一点习惯, 但是这个自愿的
29gesture is one of the main reasons that you almost never have riots and bloodshed and手势是你们几乎从未发生暴动和流血的主要原因之一
30strife after a U.S. election.一场美国选举之后的纷争。
31What I'm talking about is a concession speech.我说的是一个特许演讲。
32Okay?好吗?
33It's ironic.这是讽刺。
34It's the one speech no presidential candidate ever wants to give, and yet it is that public这是总统候选人从未想发表过的演讲,
35address that is most important for the health and the well-being of our nation.这对我国的健康和福祉至关重要。
36It's that speech, you know, when a presidential contender gives it, it's after the advisors就是那个演讲,你知道,当一个总统竞争者 给出它,它是在顾问之后
37the media tells them, look, you're not going to get enough votes to be able to hit that媒体告诉他们,你看, 你不会得到足够的选票 能够打击
38magic number of 270 electoral college votes.神奇数字270选举学院选票.
39You're just not going to get there.你只是不会到达那里。
40At that moment, you don't think about this, but the fate of the entire republic is in此时此刻,你没有想到这一点, 但整个共和国的命运在
41the hands of a single politician and their willingness to walk out there and stand in和他们愿意走出那里站在那里
42front of their family and stand in front of the cameras and stand in front of the whole站在他们家人的前面 站在摄像头前 站在整个人面前
43nation and say, I am conceding the race voluntarily.并说,我自愿承认种族。
44Thank you to my supporters.谢谢你的支持者。
45The other person has won now.另一个人现在赢了。
46Congratulations to them.恭喜他们
47Let's unite behind them.让我们团结在他们后面。
48Let's move on.让我们继续前进。
49Let's be one country.让我们成为一个国家。
50God bless America.上帝保佑美国
51You've seen it a thousand times.汝见此经一千遍.
52Make no mistake.别弄错
53This is a remarkable tradition in our country because at that moment, that candidate still这在我国是一个了不起的传统,因为在这个时刻,这位候选人仍然
54has in her command a nationwide army of campaign activists, of diehard partisans, tens of thousands在她的指挥下,有一支全国范围的 运动活动家的军队, 死硬党,数万
55of people.人类。
56They could just as easily take up arms, take to the streets.他们可以轻易拿起武器,上街
57They could do whatever they want to, but that concession speech instantly demobilizes all他们可以做任何他们想做的, 但特许演讲立即复员了所有
58of them.他们。
59It says, Hey guys, stand down folks.上面写着: 嘿,伙计们,退下
60It's over.结束了
61Moreover, that concession speech helps the tens of millions of people who voted for that此外,这种让步的言论帮助了数千万人投了票。
62person to accept the outcome, acknowledge the winner, however begrudgingly, and then接受结果的人, 承认胜者,无论多么贪婪,然后
63just get up the next morning, go to work, go to school, maybe disappointed, but not第二天早上起床,上班,上学,也许失望,但不是
64disloyal to America's government.不忠于美国政府。
65And even more importantly, that concession speech has a technical function in that it更重要的是 特许演讲有技术功能
66kind of allows all the other steps that our constitution requires after the voting.我们的宪法在投票后要求的所有其他步骤都是允许的。
67And there are a bunch of steps like you got the electoral college that's got to meet.还有一大堆的台阶 像你有选举学院,必须满足。
68You've got Congress has got to ratify this thing.国会必须批准这件事
69You got inauguration to be had.你要去就职典礼了
70All that stuff can just move ahead on automatic pilot because after the concession speech,所有那些东西可以只是前进 自动飞行员 因为,在特许演讲后,
71every subsequent step to either reinstate the president or elevate a new president just为了恢复总统职务 或提升新总统职务
72happens on a rubber stamp basis.在橡皮图章的基础上发生。
73The constitution requires it, but it's a rubber stamp.宪法要求它,但它是一个橡皮图章.
74But we sometimes forget candidates do not have to concede.但我们有时忘记候选人不必承认。
75There's nothing that makes them concede.没有什么能让他们承认的
76It's just a norm in a year in which nothing is normal.这仅仅是在一无是处的一年中的一种规范.
77So what if a losing candidate simply refused to concede?如果一个失败的候选人拒绝承认呢?
78What if there is no concession speech?如果没有特许演讲呢?
79Well, what could happen might terrify you.可能发生的事会让你害怕
80I think it should.我认为它应该。
81First, to give you the background, let's make sure we're all on the same page here.首先,为了让大家了解背景,让我们确保大家在这里都站在同一页上.
82Let me give you this analogy.让我给你这个类比。
83Think about a presidential election as a baseball game, the end of the ninth inning.想想总统选举作为棒球比赛,第九局结束.
84Whoever is ahead wins, whoever is behind loses.谁先胜谁后败.
85That's baseball.这是棒球。
86But could you imagine a different world in which in baseball, there were actually 13但是,你能想象一个不同的世界 在棒球里,实际上有13个
87innings or 14 innings, not just nine, but we just had a weird tradition.14英寸,不只是9英寸, 但我们有一个奇怪的传统。
88If you're behind in the ninth inning, you just come out and concede.如果你在第九局落后 你就出来承认
89All right.好吧,我们走。
90So all those other innings don't matter.┮┮Τㄤ薄猵常⊿Τ闽玒
91That's really how the presidential elections work in America, because the constitution美国的总统选举就是这样的 因为宪法
92actually spells out two different sets of innings.其实是两组不同的插图
93You got the popular election process that everybody pays attention to, and then you've你得到了大众选举过程 每个人都会注意, 然后你有
94got the elite selection process that everybody essentially ignores.得到了精英选择过程 基本上每个人都忽略。
95In a close election, if nobody concedes the second invisible process, these extra innings,在一次临近的选举中,如果没有人承认第二个无形的过程, 这些额外的内幕,
96if you will, they actually matter a whole lot.如果你愿意,它们其实很重要。
97Let me explain.让我解释一下
98That first set of innings, popular election, it's what you think about when you think about这是你思考的时候所想到的
99the presidential election.总统大选。
100It's the primaries, the caucuses, the debates, the conventions, it's election night.初选,核心小组,辩论,大会,选举之夜.
101It's all that stuff.就是这样
102Most of the time, the loser on election night at that point just concedes.大部分时间,选举之夜的失败者 刚刚承认。
103Why?为什么?
104The American people have spoken.美国人民已经发言了。
105All of that.这一切。
106But according to the constitution, the game is technically not over.但根据宪法,游戏在技术上并没有结束.
107After the cameras go away, after the confetti swept away, the constitution requires this摄像头消失后 画像卷走后 宪法要求这样
108whole other set of innings, these elite selection process stuff.这些精英的挑选过程
109And this is all behind closed doors.这都是闭门的
110It's among government officials.在政府官员中.
111And this process goes from the end of the vote counting in November through December从11月的计票结束到12月
112all the way into January.一路进入一月。
113You just never think about it because for so many generations, these extra innings haven't你从不考虑,因为这么多代人, 这些额外的内幕没有
114mattered much because the election night loser just concedes.因为选举之夜的失败者 承认了这一点
115So this other stuff's just a formality.所以,其他的东西只是一个形式。
116Even in 2000, Vice President Al Gore gave up as soon as the Supreme Court ordered an即使在2000年,副总统阿尔·戈尔也一经最高法院下令立即放弃。
117end to the vote counting.结束计票。
118Gore did not continue the fight into the state legislatures, into the Electoral College,戈尔没有继续战斗 进入州立法机构, 进入选举学院,
119into Congress.进入国会。
120He didn't try to discredit the results in the press.他并没有试图在媒体中抹黑结果.
121Frankly, he didn't send his supporters out into the streets with protest signs or pitchforks老实说,他没有把支持者送上街 带着抗议标志或草叉
122or long guns.或者长枪
123As soon as the court said the vote count is done, he just conceded to George W. Bush.法庭一说计票完毕,他就向乔治·W·布什让步.
124Because that's what we do.因为这就是我们要做的。
125That's just kind of how we do things around here.我们这里就是这样做事的
126You don't fight in the extra innings until maybe 2020, when one major candidate is already直到2020年,一个大候选人已经是
127saying he may not accept the results of the vote counting.表示不接受计票结果.
128Curse you, 2020.诅咒你,2020年。
129So what could happen instead?那么会怎样呢?
130Instead of conceding, a losing candidate could launch a ferocious fight to grab power anyway输了的选手不是放弃 而是发动激烈的争斗来夺权
131or to hold on to power anyway.或者保持权力
132In the courts, yes, but also in the state houses, Electoral College, even in Congress,在法院,是的,但是在州议会,选举学院,甚至国会,
133they could file, for instance, dozens of lawsuits attempting to block the counting of millions比如说,他们可以提起数十起诉讼 试图阻止计票
134of mail-in ballots, saying they should all be thrown out, they're all fraudulent.说他们都该被扔出去 都是假的
135Then they could demand that the states refuse to certify the election because of all this然后他们可以要求各州拒绝 认证选举,因为这一切
136alleged fraud or interference from a foreign power.指控外国的欺诈或干预。
137Or the losers party could send a rival slate of electors to the Electoral College or to或者失败的政党可以把一大批选民 送到选举院或选举院
138Congress and say, no, we're the real electors and create a whole situation with that.国会和说,不,我们是真正的选举人 并创造了一个整体的情况。
139Any of this stuff could create such a mess in the Electoral College and the Congress任何这些东西都可能给选举学院和国会造成混乱
140that the whole matter just winds up in front of the House of Representatives for the first整个事情刚刚结束 在众议院面前的第一个
141time since the 1800s.从1800年代开始
142Now here's where it gets totally crazy.现在这里变得很疯狂
143If the presidential election winds up in the Congress, in the House of Representatives,如果总统选举在国会、众议院结束
144they don't have to pay any attention at all to the popular vote or the electoral vote.他们根本不需要关注民众投票或选举。
145It's like the election never happened.这就像选举从来没有发生过。
146And then it gets even crazier.然后就更疯狂了
147The final tally in the House is taken not by delegates, but by delegation.众议院的最后清点不是由代表,而是由代表团进行。
148In other words, individual Congress people don't get to vote.换句话说,个别国会人民没有投票权.
149It's done by states.由诸州所作.
150Now, get your head wrapped around this.现在,把你的头包起来。
151In 2020, the majority of Americans live in blue states, but there are more red states.2020年,大多数美国人生活在蓝色州,但也有较多的红色州.
152So there's a possibility that the Republicans in the House of Representatives could just所以众议院的共和党人有可能
153anoint their candidate to be president, even without the popular vote or a majority in抹杀他们的总统候选人,
154the Electoral College.选举学院。
155That could happen.这有可能发生。
156Now, some people would call that outcome a perfectly legal, perfectly constitutional现在,有些人会称这个结果 完全合法,完全符合宪法
157coup against the very idea of majority rule in the United States.反对美国多数统治思想的政变。
158That is possible under our Constitution, and it could happen this year.根据我国《宪法》,这是可能的,而且今年有可能发生。
159So what can you do about it?那你能怎么办?
160Okay, now keep in mind, if the margin of the victory is so massive, truly massive, the好了,现在记住,如果胜利的边缘 如此巨大,真正巨大的,
161losing candidate's political party is going to walk away and just let their leader go失去候选人的政党会走开 让他们的领袖走
162down.下来
163Nobody's going to risk a constitutional crisis to save somebody who is super unpopular.没人会冒着宪法危机的险去救一个 超级不受欢迎的人
164But if the race is close, all bets are off, and then the fight could continue long past但是如果比赛接近了,所有的赌注都取消了,那么这场比赛可能会持续很久
165election night.选举之夜
166You could be trying to deal impact, this whole other process you never heard of before.你可以尝试处理影响, 这个整个其他的过程 你从来没有听说过。
167You're going to have to be lobbying, protesting, speaking out, contacting lawmakers, a whole你必须进行游说,抗议,说话,联络立法者,整个
168other process you've never done before.其他你从来没有做过的过程。
169So landing in this completely unfamiliar scenario, what can you do?所以,在这种完全陌生的情景下降落, 你能做什么?
170How are we supposed to act?我们该怎么行动?
171What are we supposed to do in this situation?在这种情况下我们该怎么办?
172There's basically three things that matter.基本上有三个事情很重要。
173Number one, get informed.一号,得到通知。
174A number of progressive organizations are already working hard to warn Americans about一些进步组织已经在努力警告美国人
175this growing threat to our democracy.这种对我们民主的日益严重的威胁。
176Some organizations you could look into and research for yourself, choosedemocracy.us,有些组织你可以自己调查研究 选择民主
177(原始内容存档于2017-09-25). electiontaskforce.org, protect Democracy.org, movement.us, allamericans.org, civilalalalliance.com,.
178以及Demos.org的反击表。
179All these groups are working on this.所有这些团体都在努力解决这个问题。
180Now, on the right, if that's your cup of tea, you could also check out the Heritage Foundation现在,在右边,如果那是你的茶, 你也可以检查 传统基金会
181or the Government Accountability Institute.或政府问责机构。
182They're focused on voter fraud.他们专注于选民舞弊.
183But you've got to get informed, no matter which side you're on.但无论你站在哪一边,你都必须得到通知。
184Also, number two, you've got to get loud.第二,你得大声点
185You've got to get loud.须发大声.
186A situation like this, these days, everybody is a media channel.像这样的情况,现在,每个人都是一个媒体频道。
187You are the media.你是媒体。
188So use your own voice.所以用你自己的声音
189And when you do, my advice, speak to universal American values, not the partisan stuff.当你这样做,我的建议, 说话美国的普遍价值观, 不是党派的东西。
190OK, speak to the American values that every American should be down with, no matter what好吧,说到美国价值观, 每个美国人都应该下 与,无论什么
191party they're in.他们的派对。
192The idea that every voter counts and that every vote should be counted, that's an American每一个选民都算数,每个选票都算数的想法,就是美国人
193value, period.值,期数。
194The notion that the majority should rule in America, that's an American value.多数人应该统治美国,这是美国的价值。
195The idea that an incumbent president should conceive honorably and graciously and ensure现任总统应光荣而慷慨地构想并确保
196a peaceful transfer of power rather than trying to use every trick in the book to hang on和平地转移权力 而不是试图利用书中的每一招 坚持下去
197to power, that's an American value, too.对权力,这也是美国的价值。
198If you stick with those values, you're going to be heard by a lot more people and help如果你坚持这些价值观, 你会被更多的人听到和帮助
199bring the country together.把国家团结起来
200And lastly, sorry, folks, voting is not enough.最后,对不起,各位,投票是不够的。
201You're going to have to get active.你得行动起来
202You're going to have to get involved.得入一切法门.
203You could join and support with your money some existing organizations, powerful groups你可以加入和支持你的钱 一些现有的组织,强大的团体
204like the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, the ACLU, NAACP Legal Defense Fund, Indivisible,比如民权领袖会议 ACLU NAACP法律辩护基金 隐形
205colorChange.org. (原始内容存档于2017-03-29).
206These groups are going to be fighting in the courts, fighting in Congress to try to make这些团体将在法庭上战斗, 在国会中战斗,试图制造
207sure that we have a fair outcome.确保我们有一个公平的结果。
208Those groups could use your help and your donations.这些团体需要你的帮助和捐助。
209But if it gets to the point where you feel that you have to take it to the streets, that但如果它达到你觉得必须把它带到街上,
210you're going to have to go outside and demonstrate and march in protest, please do it peacefully.你要出去示威游行抗议 请安静地行动
211It's not just philosophy or morality.这不仅仅是哲学或道德。
212A lot of studies have shown that it's the peaceful protests that are more successful许多研究表明,和平抗议更成功
213at challenging these would-be dictators and reversing coup attempts.挑战这些可能的独裁者,并扭转政变企图。
214It's the peaceful ones.是诸安乐者.
215Why?为什么?
216Because when the protests turn violent, all that chaos and carnage actually chases away因为当抗议活动演变为暴力时 所有混乱和屠杀实际上都会消失
217supporters.支持者。
218So rather than the demonstrations getting bigger and the protests getting bigger, they因此,与其说示威规模扩大,抗议规模扩大,
219start to shrink.开始收缩。
220Then the government looks reasonable when it cracks down.然后当政府崩溃时看起来很合理.
221So it's actually a lot better to follow the guidance of the late, great Gene Sharp.因此,实际上要遵循后世伟大的吉恩·夏普的指导要好得多.
222Now, he has written beautifully and well about how strategically you can roll back a coup现在,他写得很好,写得好,写得好 你如何能从战略上击退政变
223just using very smart, very disciplined, very nonviolent protests.只是用非常聪明,非常有纪律,非常非暴力的抗议。
224A lot of his best ideas and people who have been influenced by that are available in something他的很多最佳想法 以及受这些影响的人 在某件事中
225called a new guidebook called Hold the Line.名为“保持线”的新指南。
226You can look it up.你可以查一查 查一查 查一查
227It's called Hold the Line, the Guide to Defending Democracy.它被称为"守线","捍卫民主指南".
228你可以在Hold TheLineGuide.com获得这个.
229And that can give you a real good framework to move forward in a smart, peaceful way if这会给你一个很好的框架 以明智和平的方式前进
230you feel that you've got to take it to the streets.你觉得你必须把它带到街上。
231Now, look, I know all this stuff is overwhelming.现在,你看,我知道这一切是压倒一切的。
232And I got to admit, some of these steps may not be enough.我必须承认,有些步骤可能还不够。
233A truly rogue president could call on private armed militia to try to intimidate lawmakers一个真正的无赖总统可以呼吁私人武装民兵试图恐吓立法者
234into keeping him or her in power.保持他或她的权力。
235Or they could just abuse their emergency powers and try to stay in office indefinitely.或者他们可以滥用他们的紧急权力,试图无限期地留任.
236So we've got some real problems with our system.我们的系统有问题
237The best way to stop a coup is to update and strengthen our democratic system as soon as阻止政变的最好办法是 尽快更新和加强我们的民主制度
238this election is over.这次选举结束了
239Maybe we need to rethink, reimagine, or just get rid of this whole electoral college extra也许我们需要重新思考,重新想象, 或者只是摆脱 整个选举学院额外
240ending thing in the first place.一开始就结束了
241I know for sure we've got to do a better job of protecting voter rights, of prosecuting我知道我们肯定得做一个更好的工作 保护选民的权利 起诉
242voter intimidation, and also making sure we've got the technology that nobody needs to be还要确保我们掌握了没有人需要的技术
243afraid of voter fraud.害怕选民舞弊
244These are the steps that we're going to have to take to make sure that we have a democracy这些都是我们要采取的步骤 以确保我们有一个民主
245that the democracy endures.民主得以延续。
246Because never forget this.因为永远不要忘记这一点。
247In the long sweep of human history, a democratic republic is the rarest form of government在人类历史的漫长扫荡中,民主共和国是最罕见的政府形式.
248on earth.在地球上。 。 。
249Democracies are fragile.民主政体是脆弱的。
250Democracies can fail.民主政体可能失败。
251And what citizens do or fail to do in a moment of crisis can determine the final fate of公民在危机时刻做什么或不做什么 就能决定他们最终的命运
252government of, by, and for the people.政府的,由,和为人民。
253So let's do our best vote.因此,让我们做我们最好的投票。
254But this time, we've got to stay vigilant and active.但是这次,我们必须保持警惕和积极性.
255Even after the ballots have been counted, we've got to stay active all the way through即使在计票之后,我们也要一直保持活跃
256to Inauguration Day.纪念日
257But I want to say to you, I will support the winner of a free and fair election, no matter但我要对你说,我会支持 自由公正的选举的获胜者,无论
258which candidate wins.哪个候选人获胜。
259And I will oppose any so-called winner who prevails by twisting the process beyond recognition.我将反对任何所谓的赢家 通过扭曲整个过程 超越承认。
260Because any American should be willing to concede an election, but no American should因为任何美国人都应该愿意承认选举 但任何美国人都不应该
261concede the core principles of democracy itself.承认民主本身的核心原则。
262Thank you.谢谢
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