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TED演讲:一道墙解决不了美国的边境问题

TED演讲:一道墙解决不了美国的边境问题

TED演讲:一道墙解决不了美国的边境问题

发布于 2024-06-12 · 时长 17:14

字幕摘录

时间英文中文
0:04Congressmen, I was about to introduce you and say a little more.众议员,我正要介绍你们,多说几句
0:08Hi, how you doing?嗨,你好吗?
0:10Thank you so much for joining us tonight.非常感谢你今晚加入我们
0:13We're so lucky to have you here with us.我们很幸运你能来
0:15And I've already explained that you're actually in Washington我已经解释过了 你其实是在华盛顿
0:17because you're working.因为你在工作
0:19And I was about to tell folks that you represent the 23rd district of Texas.我正要告诉大家 你代表德州第23区
0:25But maybe you could tell us a little bit about your district但也许你可以告诉我们一些关于你的地区
0:28and describe it for us.为我们描述一下
0:31Sure.当然
展开字幕全文(316 条)
序号英文中文
1Congressmen, I was about to introduce you and say a little more.众议员,我正要介绍你们,多说几句
2Hi, how you doing?嗨,你好吗?
3Thank you so much for joining us tonight.非常感谢你今晚加入我们
4We're so lucky to have you here with us.我们很幸运你能来
5And I've already explained that you're actually in Washington我已经解释过了 你其实是在华盛顿
6because you're working.因为你在工作
7And I was about to tell folks that you represent the 23rd district of Texas.我正要告诉大家 你代表德州第23区
8But maybe you could tell us a little bit about your district但也许你可以告诉我们一些关于你的地区
9and describe it for us.为我们描述一下
10Sure.当然
11My district in Southwestern Texas is called L.A.我位于德克萨斯州西南部的区名为洛杉矶.
12In Southwest Texas, it's 29 counties, two time zones,德克萨斯州西南部有29个县 两个时区
13820 miles of border from Eagle Pass, Tupkirks, all the way to El Paso.距离鹰口820英里,图普基尔克,一直到埃尔帕索.
14It takes 10 and a half hours to drive across my district at 80 miles an hour,以每小时80英里的速度穿越我区需要10个半小时
15which is the speed limit in most of the district.这是大部分地区的限速。
16And I found out a couple of weekends ago,我发现了几个周末前,
17it's not the speed limit in all the districts.这不是所有行政区的限速
18It's a 71% Latino district,这是一个71%的拉丁区,
19and it's a district that I've been representing这是我一直代表的区
20for now my third term in Congress.现在我在国会的第三个任期。
21And when you think about the issue of the border,当你想到边界问题时
22I have more border than any other member of Congress.我比其他国会成员都多
23I spent nine and a half years as an undercover officer in the CIA我在中情局当了九年半的卧底
24chasing bad people all across the country.到处追捕坏人
25So when it comes to securing our border,所以,当涉及到保护我们的边界,
26it's something I know a little bit about.我有点知道
27One of the things I learned recently, which I hadn't known before,我最近学到的一件事,我以前不知道
28is that your district is actually the size, I think, of the state of Georgia.我认为,你所在的地区实际上与格鲁吉亚州一样大。
29That's right.没错
30It's larger than 26 states,超过26个州
31roughly the size of the state of Georgia.大致相当于乔治亚州的大小.
32So it's pretty big.所以这是相当大的。
33So as an expert in national security and as a member of Congress,作为国家安全专家和国会议员
34you've been called upon to think about issues related to immigration你被要求考虑 移民的问题
35and in recent years, particularly about the border wall.特别是边界墙。
36What is your reaction to President Trump's statement你对特朗普总统的声明有什么反应?
37that we need a big, beautiful wall我们需要一个大而美丽的墙
38that would stretch across our border and at 18 to 30 feet high?那会跨越我们的边界, 在18到30英尺高?
39I've been saying since I first ran for Congress back in 2009,自从2009年竞选国会以来 我就一直这么说
40this is not a new topic, that building a 30-foot-high concrete structure这不是一个新话题 建造30英尺高的混凝土结构
41if you see the shining sea,如果你看见那灿烂的大海,
42is the most expensive and least effective way to do border security.是进行边境安全的最昂贵和最有效的方法。
43There are parts of the border where border patrol's response time to a threat边境有部分地方 边境巡逻队对威胁的反应时间
44is measured in hours to days.以小时为单位计量。
45If your response time is measured in hours to days,如果你的反应时间是数小时到数天
46then a wall is not a physical barrier.那么墙不是物理障碍
47We should be having technology along the border.我们应该有科技沿边界。
48We should know what's called,我们应该知道这叫什么
49we should have operational control of our border,我们应该有行动控制我们的边界,
50which means we know everything that's going back and forth across it.这意味着我们知道一切 东西的回溯和 穿过它。
51We can do a lot of that with technology.我们可以用技术做很多。
52We also need more folks within our border patrol.我们还需要更多的人 在我们的边境巡逻。
53But in addition to doing all this,但除了做这一切,
54one of the things we should be able to do is streamline legal immigration.我们应当能够做的之一是简化合法移民。
55If you're going to be a productive member of our society,如果你要成为我们社会的一个有生产力的成员,
56let's get you here as quickly as possible, but let's do it legally.我们尽快把你带过来 但是我们合法行事吧
57And if we're able to streamline that,如果我们能精简一下
58then you're going to see some of the pressures relieved along our border然后,你会看到一些压力 缓解我们的边界
59and allow men and women in border patrol允许男女在边境巡逻
60to focus on human trafficking and drug trafficking organizations as well.也注重人口贩运和贩毒组织。
61Congressman, there's also been a conversation nationally议员先生,全国也有谈话
62about using emergency funds to build the border wall关于利用紧急资金建造边界墙
63and taking those funds from the United States military.并且从美国军方手中抢走这些资金。
64What has your position been on that issue?你对这个问题的立场是什么?
65You know, I'm one of the few Republicans up here你知道,我是这里少数共和党人之一
66that has opposed that effort.他们反对这一努力。
67We are just now rebuilding our military我们正在重建我们的军队
68and taking funds away from making sure that our brothers and sisters,并抢走资金 确保我们的兄弟姐妹,
69our wives and our husbands have the training and equipment they need我们的妻子和丈夫有他们需要的训练和设备
70in order to take care of us in far-flung places.为了在遥远的地方照顾我们
71Taking money away from them is not an efficient use of our resources,抢走他们的钱不是有效利用我们的资源,
72especially if it's going to build a, you know,尤其是如果它要建立一个,你知道,
73I always say it's a fourth century solution to a 21st century problem.我总是说这是解决21世纪问题的第四世纪办法.
74And the reality is what we should be focusing on现实是我们应该专注于
75is some of the other root causes of this problem.这也是造成这一问题的一些其他根源。
76And many of your speakers today have talked about that.今天许多发言者都谈到了这一点。
77And some of those key root problems are violence,其中一些关键根源问题是暴力,
78lack of economic opportunity, and extreme poverty,缺乏经济机会和赤贫,
79specifically in the Northern Triangle, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras.特别是北部三角、萨尔瓦多、危地马拉和洪都拉斯。
80We should be working.我们应该工作。
81I was going to ask what you would recommend the United States government does我想问你建议美国政府做什么
82to address the underlying, what we call push factors or root causes解决我们称之为推力因素或根源的根源
83in those three countries in Central America.在这三个中美洲国家。
84Well, one of the things I learned as an undercover officer in the CIA作为中情局的卧底 我学到的一件事
85is be nice with nice guys and tough with tough guys.善待好人 强待硬汉
86And one of the principles of being nice with nice guys对好人好的原则之一
87is to strengthen our alliances.是加强我们的联盟。
88We have a number of programs currently in these three countries我们这三个国家目前有一些方案
89that USAID and State Department is doing to address this violence issue.美援署和国务院正在处理这一暴力问题。
90We know in El Salvador, one of the problems was that the police were corrupt.我们知道萨尔瓦多的问题之一是警察腐败。
91And so we've worked with the Salvadorans to purge the police,所以我们和萨尔瓦多人合作 清洗警察
92rehire new folks, use, you know, community policing tactics.重新雇用新人, 使用,你知道,社区治安策略。
93These are tactics that the men and women in the United States of America这些是美国男人和女人的战术
94and police forces use every single day.警方每天都会使用
95And when we did this in certain communities, guess what happened?当我们在某些社区这样做时, 猜猜发生了什么?
96We saw a decrease in the violence that was happening in those communities.我们看到这些社区发生的暴力有所减少。
97And then we also saw a decrease in the number of people然后我们也看到人口减少
98that were leaving those areas to try to come to the United States illegally.他们离开那些地区 试图非法来到美国。
99So it's a fraction of the cost to solve the problem there所以解决这里的问题要花点钱
100before it ultimately reaches our border.在它最终到达我们的边界之前
101And one of the reasons that you have violence and crime还有你遭受暴力和犯罪的原因之一
102is political corruption and the lack of central governments政治腐败和缺乏中央政府
103to protect its citizens.保护公民。
104And so this is something we should be continuing to work on.因此,我们应该继续努力。
105We shouldn't be decreasing the amount of money我们不应该减钱
106that we have that we're sending to these countries.我们有我们发送到这些国家。
107I actually think we should be increasing it.实际上,我认为我们应该增加它。
108I believe the first thing, and we should have done this months ago,我相信第一件事 我们几个月前就该做的
109is select a special representative for the Northern Triangle.为北部三角选择一名特别代表。
110That's a senior diplomat that's going to work to make sure是个高级外交官,会想办法确保
111that we're using all of our levers of power我们正利用一切力量
112to help these three countries,帮助这三个国家,
113and that we're doing it in a coordinated effort.并且我们是在协调努力中这样做的。
114This is not just a problem for the United States and Mexico.这不仅仅是美国和墨西哥的问题。
115This is a problem for the entire Western Hemisphere.这是整个西半球的问题。
116So where is the Organization of American States?美洲国家组织在哪里?
117Where is the International Development Bank?国际开发银行在哪里?
118And we should be having a collective plan to address these root causes.我们应当有一个解决这些根源的集体计划。
119And when you talk about violence,当你谈论暴力时
120a lot of times we talk about these terrible games like MS-13,很多时候我们谈论这些可怕的游戏 比如MS-13,
121but it's also violence, like women being beaten by their husbands,但也是一种暴力 就像女人被丈夫殴打
122and they have nobody else to go to,他们没有其他人可以去,
123and they are unable to deal with this current problem.他们无法处理目前的问题。
124So these are the types of issues这就是问题的类型
125that we should be increasing our diplomacy,我们应当加强外交,
126increasing our economic development aid.增加我们的经济发展援助。
127Please.请
128I want to take you now from thinking about the root causes现在我想让你从根本原因上思考
129in Central America中美洲
130to thinking about the separation of children and families in the United States.思考美国儿童和家庭的分离。
131Starting in April 2018,2018年4月开始,
132the Trump administration began a no-tolerance policy特朗普政府开始采取不容忍政策
133for immigrants, people seeking refugee status,为寻求难民地位的移民、
134asylum in the United States.在美国的庇护。
135And that led to the separation of 2,700 children这导致2700名儿童分离
136in the first year that that program was run.在第一年 那个方案运行。
137Now, I want to address this with you,现在,我想跟你谈谈这个
138and I want to separate it up front into two different conversations.我想把它分为两个不同的对话。
139One of the things that the administration did当局做的一件事
140was file legal court papers是法庭档案文件
141saying that one of the primary purposes of the separations说离职的主要目的之一
142was to act as a deterrent against people coming to the United States.是为了阻止人们来美国
143And I want to talk for a moment about that from a moral perspective我想从道德角度谈一下
144and to get your views.并获得你的观点。
145We shouldn't be doing it, period.我们不应该这样做,期限。
146It's real simple.很简单
147And guess what?你猜怎么着?
148It wasn't a deterrent.这不是一个威慑。
149You only saw an increase in the amount of illegal immigration.你只看到非法移民数量的增加
150And when you're sitting, you know, debating a strategy,当你坐在,你知道,辩论一个策略,
151your strategy, if somebody comes up with the idea你的策略,如果有人想出这个主意
152of snatching a child out of their mother's arms,将孩子从母亲的怀抱中抢走,
153you need to go back to the drawing board.你需要回到画板。
154This is not what the United States of America stands for.这并不是美利坚合众国所代表的。
155This is not a Republican or a Democrat or independent thing.这不是共和党或民主党或独立派的事情.
156This is a human decency thing.这是人类的尊严
157And so using that strategy,所以用这个策略
158it didn't achieve the ultimate purpose.它没有达到最终目的。
159And ultimately, the amount of research that was done最终,完成的研究数量
160and the impact that the detention of children has,以及拘留儿童的影响,
161especially if it's over 21 days,尤其是如果超过21天
162has on their development and their future is disastrous.他们的发展和他们的未来是灾难性的。
163So we shouldn't be trying to detain children for any more than 21 days,所以我们不应该试图拘留儿童 超过21天,
164and we should be getting children, if they're in our custody,我们应该有孩子, 如果他们在我们的监护,
165we should be taking care of them mainly我们应该主要照顾他们
166and making sure they're with people和确保他们与人
167that can provide them a safe and loving environment.能够为他们提供一个安全和爱的环境。
168I would challenge you even on the 21-day number,我甚至会在21天的电话里挑战你
169but for the purposes of this conversation,但为了这次谈话
170I want to follow up on something you just said,我想跟进你刚才说的话
171which is that it's wrong to detain children也就是拘留孩子是错误的
172and that it's not effective.和它的无效。
173So the question then is, why does the administration continue to do it那么问题是 为什么政府会继续这么做
174when we've seen 900 additional children separated from their parents当我们看到另外900个孩子 与父母分离
175since the summer of 2018?从2018年夏天开始?
176Why is this happening?为什么这样?
177Well, that's something that you have to ultimately ask the administration.嗯,这是你必须 最终问行政部门。
178These are questions that I've been asking.这些是我一直在问的问题。
179The Torneo facility is in my district.托尔尼奥监狱在我区
180These are buildings that are not designed to hold anybody这些建筑不是用来关押任何人的
181for multiple days, let alone children.更别说孩子了
182We should be making sure that if they are in our custody,我们应该确保如果他们被我们拘留
183a lot of times for the unaccompanied children,很多时候,对于无人陪伴的儿童,
184we don't know of a patron or a family member in the United States,我们不知道美国的赞助人或家庭成员
185and we shouldn't make sure that they're in facilities而且我们不应该确定 他们在设施
186where they're able to go to school and have proper food and health care.在那里,他们可以上学,并获得适当的食物和保健。
187And if we're able to find a sponsor or family member,如果我们能找到赞助人或家庭成员
188let's get them into those custody把他们关起来
189while they're waiting for their immigration court case.他们在等待移民法庭的案子
190And that's the other issue here.这是另一个问题。
191When you have a backlog of cases,当你有积压的案件,
192I think it's now 900,000 cases that are backlogged.我想现在有90万个案子被记录下来了
193We should be able to do an immigration hearing within nine months.我们应当在9个月内进行移民听证会。
194I think most of the legal community thinks that is enough time我想大多数法律界认为 时间足够了
195to do something like this so that we can facilitate做这样的事情 这样我们就可以方便
196whether someone or an individual is able to stay in the United States,不论某人或个人能否留在美国,
197or they're going to have to be returned back to their home country否则他们就得被送回祖国了
198rather than being in this limbo for five years.而不是在这破烂的五年。
199If we think about the asylum system today,如果我们今天想到庇护制度
200where people are coming and saying that they have a credible threat,在那里,人们来 说,他们有一个可信的威胁,
201that they will be persecuted back home,他们将在家中受迫害,
202and we think about the fact that, on average,我们想着,平均来说,
203it's about two years for someone to get an asylum hearing,需要两年时间才能得到庇护听证会
204that many people are not represented as they go through that process.许多人在经历这一进程时没有代表。
205It makes me think about something让我想起一些事情
206that they say in the health care space all the time,他们常说 在保健空间,
207which is that every system is perfectly designed也就是每个系统的设计都完美
208to get the results it gets.以获得结果。
209And so as you think about this所以当你想到这一点
210and think about how we would redesign this system想想我们如何重新设计这个系统
211to not do what we're doing,不做我们在做什么,
212which is years and years of detention and separations拘留和分居的年月
213and hardship for people seeking,和寻求者所遭遇的艰难;
214and again, asylum being a lawful United States government process,同样,庇护是美国政府的合法程序,
215for people seeking to enter our country lawfully.为那些想合法进入我国的人
216What should we do?我们该怎么办?
217I've tried to increase by $4 billion the amount of resources我试图增加40亿美元的资源
218that HHS has in order specifically to deal ultimately with children.卫生与健康部为了最终解决儿童问题而专门采取的行动。
219I think we need more immigration judges in order to process these cases,我认为我们需要更多的移民法官 来审理这些案件,
220and I think we need to ensure that folks can get representation.我认为,我们需要确保人们能够获得代表权。
221I've been able to work with a number of lawyers up and down the border我和很多律师合作过 上下边界
222to make sure that they're being able to get access to the folks以确保他们能够接触到他们
223that are having these problems.和有这些问题。
224And so this is something that we should be able to design.因此,这是我们应该能够设计的东西。
225And ultimately, when it comes to children,最后,当涉及到孩子的时候,
226we should be doing everything we can in our custody我们该尽我们所能
227in order to take care of them.为了照顾他们
228So I have two more questions for you before I'm going to let you go back to work.在让你回去上班之前 我还有两个问题要问你
229The first is about our focus in the United States第一个是关于我们在美国的焦点
230on the questions of immigration.移民问题。
231Because if you look at some of the statistics,因为如果你看看一些统计
232you see that of people who are undocumented in the United States,你看那些在美国没有证件的人
233the majority of people have overstayed on visas.大部分人因签证而滞留过久。
234They haven't come through the border.他们还没经过边境
235If you look at the people who try to enter the country如果你看看那些试图进入这个国家的人
236who are on the terrorist watch list,在恐怖分子观察名单上的人,
237they enter overwhelmingly through the airports and not through the border.他们绝大多数通过机场而不是边界进入。
238If we look at drugs coming into the United States,如果我们看看毒品进入美国,
239which has been a huge part of this conversation,这一直是这场谈话的一大部分
240the vast majority of those drugs come through our ports这些毒品绝大多数都来自我们的港口
241and through other points of entry,并通过其他入境点,
242not through backpacks on people crossing the border.而不是通过背包 人越界。
243So the thing I always ask and I always worry about with government所以,我总是问的事情 我总是担心政府
244is that we focus so much on one thing.是我们把注意力集中在一件事上。
245And my question for you is whether we are focused我的问题是我们是否专注
246on this conversation nationally about the border every day有关边境的谈话
247and every minute of every day,每一分钟,
248whether we're looking completely in the wrong direction.我们是否完全看错了方向。
249I would agree with your premise.我同意你的假设
250When you have, let's start with the economic benefits.当你有,让我们开始 经济利益。
251When you have a 3.6% unemployment, what does that mean?当你有3.6%的失业率, 这意味着什么?
252That means you need folks in every industry,这意味着你需要人们 在每一个行业,
253whether it's agriculture or artificial intelligence.无论是农业还是人工智能
254So why aren't we streamlining legal immigration?我们为什么不精简合法移民?
255We should be able to make this market-based我们应该能让这个市场
256in order to have folks come in为了让大家进来
257and be productive members of our society.成为我们社会的有生产力的成员。
258When it comes to the drug issue you're talking about,关于你所说的毒品问题
259yes, it's in our ports of entry, but it's also coming into our shores.是的,它在我们的入境口岸, 但是它也进入我们的海岸。
260Coast Guard is only able to action 25% of the known intelligence海岸警卫队只能行动25%的已知情报
261they have on drugs coming into our country.他们有毒品进入我们的国家。
262The metric that we should be measuring,我们应该衡量的尺度,
263are we seeing a decrease of deaths from overdoses from drugs overseas?我们是否看到海外毒品过量致死的人数减少?
264Are we seeing a decrease in illegal immigration?我们是否看到非法移民减少?
265It's not how many miles of fencing that we have ultimately built.我们最终建造的栅栏不是多少英里。
266And so we have benefited from the brain drain of every other country因此,我们从每一个其他国家的人才外流中受益
267for the last couple of decades.过去几十年
268I want to see that continue.我想看到这种情况继续下去。
269And I want to see that continue with a hard-working drain.我想看到它继续 与努力的排水。
270And I can tell you this.我可以告诉你这一点。
271Last Congress, Pete Aguilar is a Democrat from California,上届国会 Pete Aguilar是加州的民主党人
272and I had a piece of legislation called the USA Act.我有一个叫美国法案的立法
273Strong border security, streamlined legal immigration, fixed DACA,强有力的边境安全、简化合法移民、固定的DACA、
2741.2 million kids who have only known the United States of America as their home.120万只知道美国是他们的家的孩子。
275These kids are, I should say, young men and women.这些孩子,我应该说,是青年男女。
276They're already Americans.他们已经是美国人了
277Let's not have them go through any more uncertainty不要让他们再经历任何不确定性
278and make that ultimately happen.最终实现这一点。
279We had 245 people that were willing to sign this bill in the law.我们有245人愿意在法律上签署该法案.
280It wasn't allowed to come forward under a Republican speaker,不允许在共和党发言人面前站出来
281and also the current Democratic speaker hasn't brought this bill现任民主党发言人 还没有提出该法案
282to do in something that we'd be able to pass.做一些我们能通过的事
283So I want to close, and you are perhaps most famous.所以我想关门,你也许最出名。
284I don't know if that's fair, but you took a road trip with Beto O'Rourke我不知道这是否公平 但你和Beto O'Rourke去旅行了
285from your district to Washington, D.C.,从你区到华盛顿
286and you've become known for reaching across the aisle你因为到达过道而出名
287and engaging in these bipartisan conversations.并参与这些两党对话。
288And one of the things I've seen you say repeatedly我见过你反复说的话之一
289is to talk about how we are all united.讨论我们如何团结
290And I think when we think about the language of immigration我想,当我们考虑 移民的语言
291and we start hearing words about enemies and militarization,我们开始听到关于敌人和军事化的言论,
292I think the real question is how do we convince all Americans我认为真正的问题是 我们如何说服所有美国人
293to understand what you say that more unites us than divides us?来理解你所说的 更团结我们 而不是分裂我们?
294Criss-crossing a district like mine that's truly 50-50,十字路口的区 像我这样的 真正50 -50,
29550% Democrat, 50% Republican,50%的民主党人 50%的共和党人
296it's been very clear to me that the way more unites us我很清楚,我们更团结
297and we focus on the things that we agree will be all better off.我们把注意力集中在我们一致认为会更好的事情上。
298And now I'm not going to get a perfect attendance award for going to church,现在我不会得到一个完美的出席奖 因为去教堂,
299but I do remember when Jesus was in the second temple但我记得耶稣在第二座寺庙时
300and the Pharisees asked him what's the most important commandment.法利赛人问他最重要的戒律是什么
301He said to love thy Lord God with all your heart, mind, and soul.他说要全心全意地爱着你的主。
302But people forget he also said equally as important但人们忘记了他也说同样重要
303is to love thy neighbor like thyself.就是像自己一样爱你的邻居
304And if we remember that and realize what it would mean如果我们记住 并意识到这意味着什么
305and what you would have to be going through和你要经历的
306to be living in a situation that you may send your child在你可能送孩子的情况下生活
307on a 3,000-mile perilous journey在3000英里危险的旅程中
308because that's what you think is the only thing for their future,因为这就是你所认为的 对他们未来的唯一意义
309as long as that you can do to make sure their future is bright.只要能确保他们的未来光明
310If we all remember that situation如果我们都记得那个情况
311and think what we would do in that situation,想想我们在这种情况下会做什么
312I think we'd ultimately be better off.我觉得我们最终会更好
313Thank you, Congressman.谢谢你,议员
314Thank you so much for joining us tonight.非常感谢你今晚加入我们
315Thank you.谢谢
316Thank you, Congressman.谢谢你,议员
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