TED演讲：贫穷的根源是什么？
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:13 | I'd like to start with a simple question. | 我先问个简单的问题 |
| 0:18 | Why do the poor make so many poor decisions? | 为什么穷人做出如此多的贫穷决定? |
| 0:23 | I know it's a harsh question, | 我知道这是一个很苛刻的问题, |
| 0:25 | but take a look at the data. | 但看看数据。 |
| 0:27 | The poor borrow more, save less, smoke more, | 穷人借更多钱,省更少钱,抽烟更多 |
| 0:30 | exercise less, drink more and eat less healthfully. | 少锻炼,多饮,少食健康. |
| 0:34 | Why? | 为什么? |
| 0:36 | Well, the standard explanation was once summed up | 嗯,标准的解释 曾经总结 |
| 0:39 | by the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, | 由英国首相 玛格丽特撒切尔, |
| 0:41 | and she called poverty a | 她称贫穷为 |
展开字幕全文（290 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I'd like to start with a simple question. | 我先问个简单的问题 |
| 2 | Why do the poor make so many poor decisions? | 为什么穷人做出如此多的贫穷决定? |
| 3 | I know it's a harsh question, | 我知道这是一个很苛刻的问题, |
| 4 | but take a look at the data. | 但看看数据。 |
| 5 | The poor borrow more, save less, smoke more, | 穷人借更多钱,省更少钱,抽烟更多 |
| 6 | exercise less, drink more and eat less healthfully. | 少锻炼,多饮,少食健康. |
| 7 | Why? | 为什么? |
| 8 | Well, the standard explanation was once summed up | 嗯,标准的解释 曾经总结 |
| 9 | by the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, | 由英国首相 玛格丽特撒切尔, |
| 10 | and she called poverty a | 她称贫穷为 |
| 11 | personality defect. | 人格缺陷。 |
| 12 | A lack of character, basically. | 基本上缺乏性格 |
| 13 | Now, I'm sure not many of you would be so blunt, | 现在,我敢肯定,你不会 很多人会这么钝, |
| 14 | but the idea that there's something wrong with the poor themselves | 但穷人自己有问题的想法 |
| 15 | is not restricted to Mrs. Thatcher. | 并不限于撒切尔夫人 |
| 16 | Some of you may believe that the poor should be held responsible | 你们中有些人可能认为应该让穷人负责 |
| 17 | for their own mistakes, | 因为他们自己的错误, |
| 18 | and others may argue that we should help them to make better decisions. | 其他人可能认为,我们应该帮助他们作出更好的决定。 |
| 19 | But the underlying assumption is the same. | 但基本假设相同. |
| 20 | There's something wrong with them, | 他们有问题 |
| 21 | if we could just change them, | 如果我们能改变他们 |
| 22 | if we could just teach them how to live their lives, | 如果我们能教他们如何生活 |
| 23 | if they would only listen. | 如果他们只听。 |
| 24 | And to be honest, | 说实话, |
| 25 | this was what I thought for a long time. | 我很久没这么想了 |
| 26 | It was only a few years ago that I discovered | 几年前我才发现 |
| 27 | that everything I thought I knew about poverty was wrong. | 我以为我对贫穷所知道的一切都错了 |
| 28 | It all started when I accidentally stumbled upon a paper | 这一切开始的时候,我无意中碰上了一张报纸 |
| 29 | by a few American psychologists. | 美国心理学家 |
| 30 | They had traveled 8,000 miles all the way to India | 他们远走印度八千英里 |
| 31 | for a fascinating study, | 以做一个令人感兴趣的研究, |
| 32 | and it was an experiment with sugarcane farmers. | 这是对甘蔗农的实验 |
| 33 | You should know that these farmers collect about 60 percent | 你应该知道,这些农民 收集大约60% |
| 34 | of their annual income all at once, | 他们的年收入一次, |
| 35 | right after the harvest. | 收割完就回来 |
| 36 | And this means that they're relatively poor one part of the year | 这意味着他们一年中相对贫穷的一部分 |
| 37 | and rich the other. | 而富贵彼. |
| 38 | And the researchers asked them to do an IQ test before and after the harvest. | 研究人员要求他们在收获前后进行智商测试. |
| 39 | What they subsequently discovered completely blew my mind. | 他们后来发现的 完全让我心碎 |
| 40 | The farmers scored much worse on the test, | 农民在测试中得分更差 |
| 41 | before the harvest. | 在收获之前。 |
| 42 | The effects of living in poverty, it turns out, | 生活贫困的影响,结果, |
| 43 | correspond to losing 14 points of IQ. | 对应损失智商14点。 |
| 44 | Now, to give you an idea, | 现在,给你一个想法, |
| 45 | that's comparable to losing a night's sleep, | 这相当于失眠 |
| 46 | or the effects of alkalism. | 或碱的作用. |
| 47 | A few months later, I heard that Elder Schaffir, | 几个月后 我听到沙菲尔长老 |
| 48 | a professor at Princeton University and one of the authors of this study, | 普林斯顿大学教授和这项研究的作者之一, |
| 49 | was coming over to Holland, where I live. | 要去荷兰,我住的地方。 |
| 50 | So we met up in Amsterdam | 我们在阿姆斯特丹相遇 |
| 51 | to talk about his revolutionary new theory of poverty. | 谈论他关于贫穷的革命性新理论 |
| 52 | And I can sum it up in just two words. | 我可以用两个字来总结。 |
| 53 | Scarcity. | 恐惧。 |
| 54 | Mentality. | 觉性. |
| 55 | It turns out that people behave differently | 原来人们的行为不同 |
| 56 | when they perceive a thing to be scarce. | 当他们发现一件事是稀缺的。 |
| 57 | And what that thing is doesn't much matter, | 那东西是什么不重要 |
| 58 | whether it's not enough time, money or food. | 无论是时间、金钱还是食物都不够 |
| 59 | You all know this feeling, | 你们都知道这种感觉, |
| 60 | when you've got too much to do | 当你有太多事情要做的时候 |
| 61 | or when you've put off breaking for lunch and your blood sugar takes a dive. | 或者当你推迟午餐休息 和你的血糖去潜水。 |
| 62 | You know, this narrows your focus to your immediate lack, | 你知道,这缩小了你的注意力 到眼前的缺乏, |
| 63 | {\fn黑体\fs22\bord1\shad0\3aHBE\4aH00\fscx67\fscy66\2cHFFFFFF\3cH808080}你现在得吃三明治了 | |
| 64 | the meeting that's starting at five minutes | 五分钟后开会 |
| 65 | or the bills that have to be paid tomorrow. | 或者明天必须支付的账单 |
| 66 | So the long-term perspective goes out the window. | 因此,长远的视角会从窗口走出去. |
| 67 | You could compare it to a new computer | 你可以把它比作新的电脑 |
| 68 | that's running 10 heavy programs at once. | 即刻执行十项重任务 |
| 69 | It gets slower and slower, making errors, | 越慢越慢 犯错 |
| 70 | eventually freezes, | 最终冻结, |
| 71 | not because it's a bad computer, | 不是因为电脑坏了 |
| 72 | but because it has too much to do at once. | 但因为它有太多 做一次。 |
| 73 | And the poor have the same problem. | 而穷人也有同样的问题. |
| 74 | They're not making dumb decisions because they are dumb, | 他们不是因为笨才做傻决定的 |
| 75 | but because they're living in a context | 因为他们生活在一个背景 |
| 76 | in which anyone would make dumb decisions. | 任何人在其中都会做出愚蠢的决定。 |
| 77 | So suddenly, | 突然间 |
| 78 | I understood why so many of our anti-poverty programs don't work. | 我知道为什么我们许多脱贫计划都行不通。 |
| 79 | Investments in education, for example, | 对教育的投资,例如, |
| 80 | are often completely ineffective. | 往往完全无效。 |
| 81 | Poverty is not a lack of knowledge. | 贫穷不是缺乏知识。 |
| 82 | A recent analysis of 201 studies | 最近对201项研究的分析 |
| 83 | on the effectiveness of money management training | 货币管理培训的有效性 |
| 84 | came to the conclusion that it has almost no effect at all. | 得出的结论是,它几乎没有任何效果。 |
| 85 | Now, don't get me wrong. | 别误会我 |
| 86 | This is not to say that the poor don't learn anything. | 此非说贫道无学. |
| 87 | They can come out wiser, for sure. | 他们肯定更聪明 |
| 88 | But it's not enough. | 然则不足矣. |
| 89 | Or, as Professor Shafir told me, | 或者,正如沙菲尔教授告诉我, |
| 90 | it's like teaching someone to swim | 就像教别人游泳 |
| 91 | and then throwing them in a stormy sea. | 然后把它们扔在风暴的大海中 |
| 92 | I still remember sitting there, perplexed. | 我仍然记得坐在那里,很困惑。 |
| 93 | And it struck me that we could have figured this out decades ago. | 这让我惊讶的是,我们早在几十年前就知道了。 |
| 94 | I mean, these psychologists didn't need any complicated brain scans. | 这些心理学家不需要任何复杂的脑部扫描 |
| 95 | They only had to measure the farmer's IQ, | 他们只需要测量农民的智商 |
| 96 | and IQ tests were invented more than 100 years ago. | 智商测试是100多年前发明的 |
| 97 | Actually, I realized I had read about the psychology of poverty before. | 事实上,我意识到我以前读过关于贫穷的心理学。 |
| 98 | George Orwell, | 乔治·奥威尔 |
| 99 | one of the greatest writers who ever lived experienced poverty firsthand | 有史以来最伟大的作家之一 亲身经历贫困 |
| 100 | in the 1920s. | 在20世纪20年代。 |
| 101 | The essence of poverty, he wrote back then, | 贫穷的本质,他回信说, |
| 102 | is that it annihilates the future. | 是它毁灭了未来。 |
| 103 | And he marveled at, quote, | 他惊讶, |
| 104 | how people take it for granted they have the right to preach at you | 人们怎么认为这是理所当然的, 他们有权利向你传教 |
| 105 | and pray over you as soon as your income falls below a certain level. | 只要收入低于一定水平,就为你们祈祷。 |
| 106 | Now, those words are every bit as resonant today. | 现在,这些话今天几乎都是反响。 |
| 107 | The big question is, of course, what can be done? | 最大的问题当然是,可以做些什么? |
| 108 | Modern economists have a few solutions up their sleeves. | 现代经济学家在袖子上有一些解决方案. |
| 109 | We could help the poor with their paperwork | 我们可以帮穷人办文件 |
| 110 | or send them a text message to remind them to pay their bills. | 或者给他们发条短信 提醒他们支付账单 |
| 111 | Now, this type of solution is hugely popular with modern politicians, | 现在,这种解决方案在现代政客中非常流行, |
| 112 | mostly because, well, they cost next to nothing. | 大部分是因为,嗯,他们花费 旁边什么都没有。 |
| 113 | These solutions are, I think, a symbol of this era, | 我认为这些解决方案是这个时代的象征 |
| 114 | in which we so often treat the symptoms but ignore the underlying cause. | 我们经常在其中治疗症状,但忽略根本原因。 |
| 115 | So I wondered, | 所以我觉得 |
| 116 | why don't we just change the context in which the poor live? | 为什么我们不改变穷人的生活环境呢? |
| 117 | Or, going back to our computer analogy, | 或者回到我们的电脑类比 |
| 118 | why keep tinkering around with the software | 为什么一直用软件修补? |
| 119 | when we can easily solve the problem by installing some extra memory instead? | 当我们可以轻而易举地通过安装一些额外的内存解决问题时? |
| 120 | Now, at that point, Professor Shafir responded with a blank look. | 此时,沙菲尔教授以空白的表情回应. |
| 121 | And after a few seconds, he said, | 几秒钟后,他说, |
| 122 | oh, I get it. | 哦,我懂了,我懂了,我懂了,我懂了 |
| 123 | You mean, you want to just hand out more money to the poor | 你是说,你想把更多的钱给穷人 |
| 124 | to eradicate poverty? | 消除贫穷? |
| 125 | Uh, sure, that'd be great. | 嗯,当然,这将是伟大的。 |
| 126 | But I'm afraid that brand of left-wing politics you've got in Amsterdam, | 但我担心你在阿姆斯特丹的左翼政治 |
| 127 | it doesn't exist in the States. | 它在美国并不存在。 |
| 128 | But is this really an old-fashioned, leftist idea? | 但这真的是个老套的左派想法吗? |
| 129 | I remembered reading about an old plan, | 我记得读到一个旧计划 |
| 130 | something that has been proposed by some of history's leading thinkers. | 历史上一些主要思想家提出的。 |
| 131 | The philosopher Thomas More first hinted at it in his book, | 哲学家托马斯·莫尔在他的书中首先暗示了这一点, |
| 132 | Utopia, more than 500 years ago. | 乌托邦,500多年前的古迹. |
| 133 | And its proponents have spent the spectrum from the left to the right, | 它的支持者从左到右都花光了 |
| 134 | from the civil rights campaigner Martin Luther King | 民权运动家马丁·路德·金 |
| 135 | to the economist Milton Friedman. | 给经济学家米尔顿·弗里德曼 |
| 136 | And it's an incredibly simple idea. | 这是一个非常简单的想法。 |
| 137 | Basic income guarantee. | 基本收入保障. |
| 138 | What it is? | 这是什么? |
| 139 | Well, that's easy. | 嗯,这很简单。 |
| 140 | It's a monthly grant, enough to pay for your basic needs. | 每月补助,足以满足基本需要. |
| 141 | Food, shelter, education. | 食物 住所 教育 |
| 142 | It's completely unconditional, | 这是完全无条件的, |
| 143 | so no one's going to tell you what you have to do for it, | 所以没人会告诉你你要为此做什么 |
| 144 | and no one's going to tell you what you have to do with it. | 没有人会告诉你你该做什么 |
| 145 | The basic income is not a favor, but a right. | 基本收入不是恩惠而是权利。 |
| 146 | There's absolutely no stigma attached. | 绝对没有污名 |
| 147 | So as I learned about the true nature of poverty, | 当我得知贫穷的真正性质时 |
| 148 | I couldn't stop wondering. | 我忍不住想着 |
| 149 | I mean, is this the idea we've all been waiting for? | 我的意思是,这是我们一直在等待的主意吗? |
| 150 | Could it really be that simple? | 真的那么简单吗? |
| 151 | And in the three years that followed, | 在接下来的三年里, |
| 152 | I read everything I could find about basic income. | 我读了所有我能找到的基本收入。 |
| 153 | I researched the dozens of experiments that have been conducted | 我研究了数十个实验 |
| 154 | all over the globe. | 遍及全球. |
| 155 | And it didn't take long before I stumbled upon the story of a town | 不久之后,我发现一个小镇的故事 |
| 156 | that had done it, that actually eradicated poverty, | 已经做到了,实际上消除贫穷, |
| 157 | but then nearly everyone forgot about it. | 但后来几乎所有人都忘了 |
| 158 | This story starts in Dolphin, Canada. | 这个故事开始于加拿大的海豚. |
| 159 | In 1974, everybody in this small town was guaranteed a basic income, | 1974年,这个小镇的每个人都得到了基本收入的保障, |
| 160 | ensuring that no one fell below the poverty line. | 确保没有人跌到贫困线以下。 |
| 161 | And at the start of the experiment, | 在实验开始时, |
| 162 | an army of researchers descended on the town. | 一群研究者来到了城里 |
| 163 | For four years, all went well. | 四年来,一切顺利 |
| 164 | But then, a new government was voted into power, | 但随后,新政府被投票掌权, |
| 165 | and the new Canadian cabinet saw little point to the expensive experiment. | 新的加拿大内阁认为 昂贵的实验没有什么意义 |
| 166 | So when it became clear there was no money left to analyze the results, | 所以当发现没有钱分析结果时, |
| 167 | the researchers decided to pack their files away | 研究者们决定把文件打包 |
| 168 | in some 2,000 boxes. | 大约两千箱 |
| 169 | Twenty-five years went by, | 25年过去了, |
| 170 | and then Evelyn Fragé, a Canadian professor, found the records. | 之后加拿大教授伊芙琳·弗拉盖发现了这些记录. |
| 171 | And for three years, she subjected the data to all manner of statistical analysis, | 三年来 她对数据进行了统计分析 |
| 172 | and no matter what she tried, | 无论她怎么努力 |
| 173 | the results were the same every time. | 每次结果都是一样的 |
| 174 | The experiment had been a resounding success. | 实验取得了巨大成功。 |
| 175 | Evelyn Fragé discovered that the people in Dolphin | 伊芙琳·弗拉盖发现海豚的人 |
| 176 | had not only become richer, but also smarter and healthier. | 不仅变得更富,而且更聪明和更健康。 |
| 177 | The school performance of kids improved substantially. | 儿童的学习成绩大为改善。 |
| 178 | The hospitalization rate decreased by as much as 8.5 percent. | 住院率下降了8.5%。 |
| 179 | Domestic violence incidents were down, as were mental health complaints, | 家庭暴力事件减少,心理健康投诉也减少。 |
| 180 | and people didn't quit their jobs. | 人们没有辞职 |
| 181 | The only ones who worked a little less were new mothers and students | 工作少一点的只有新生妈妈和学生 |
| 182 | who stayed in school longer. | 留在学校的时间更长。 |
| 183 | Similar results have since been found | 此后也发现了类似的结果 |
| 184 | in countless other experiments around the globe, | 在全球无数其他实验中 |
| 185 | from the US to India. | 从美国到印度。 |
| 186 | So here's what I've learned. | 这就是我学到的。 |
| 187 | When it comes to poverty, | 当涉及到贫困时, |
| 188 | we, the rich, | 我们,富人, |
| 189 | should stop pretending we know best. | 别再装作我们最清楚 |
| 190 | We should stop sending shoes and teddy bears to the poor | 我们不要再给穷人送鞋和泰迪熊了 |
| 191 | to people we have never met. | 我们从未见过的人 |
| 192 | And we should get rid of the vast industry of paternalistic bureaucrats | 我们应该摆脱家长式官僚的庞大行业 |
| 193 | when we can simply hand over their salaries to the poor they're supposed to help. | 我们只要把工资交给穷人 他们就应该帮忙 |
| 194 | Because, I mean, the great thing about money | 因为,我是说,钱的伟大之处 |
| 195 | is that people can use it to buy things they need | 人们可以用它来买他们需要的东西 |
| 196 | instead of things that self-appointed experts think they need. | 而不是自我任命的专家认为他们需要的东西。 |
| 197 | I mean, just imagine how many brilliant scientists | 我的意思是,只是想象 有多少杰出的科学家 |
| 198 | and entrepreneurs and writers like George Orwell | 以及乔治·奥威尔等企业家和作家 |
| 199 | are now withering away in scarcity. | 正在消失 在稀缺中。 |
| 200 | Imagine how much energy and talent we would unleash | 想象一下我们会释放出多少能量和才华 |
| 201 | if we get rid of poverty once and for all. | 如果我们一劳永逸地摆脱贫困。 |
| 202 | I believe that a basic income would work like venture capital for the people. | 我相信,基本收入将像人民的风险资本一样发挥作用。 |
| 203 | And we can't afford not to do it, | 我们不能不这样做, |
| 204 | because poverty is hugely expensive. | 因为贫穷是昂贵的。 |
| 205 | Just look at the cost of child poverty in the US, for example. | 例如,看看美国儿童贫困的代价。 |
| 206 | It's estimated at 500 billion dollars each year | 估计每年有5000亿美元 |
| 207 | in terms of higher health care spending, | 保健支出增加; |
| 208 | higher dropout rates and more crime. | 辍学率上升,犯罪率上升。 |
| 209 | Now, this is an incredible waste of human potential. | 这是对人类潜力的难以置信的浪费。 |
| 210 | But let's talk about the elephant in the room. | 但说室中大象. |
| 211 | How could we ever afford a basic income guarantee? | 我们怎么支付基本的收入保障? |
| 212 | Well, it's actually a lot cheaper than you may think. | 其实比你想的便宜多了 |
| 213 | What they did in Darwin is they financed it with a negative income tax. | 他们在达尔文所做的是 他们以负所得税资助它。 |
| 214 | This means that your income is topped up | 这就是说,你的收入是最高的 |
| 215 | as soon as you fall below the poverty line. | 一旦你跌到贫困线以下 |
| 216 | And in that scenario, | 在这种情况下, |
| 217 | according to our economist's best estimates, | 根据经济学家的最佳估计 |
| 218 | for a net cost of 175 billion, | 净成本为1 750亿美元, |
| 219 | a quarter of US military spending, | 美国军费的四分之一, |
| 220 | one percent of GDP, | 占国内生产总值的1% |
| 221 | you could lift all impoverished Americans above the poverty line. | 你可以把所有穷困的美国人 抬到贫困线以上 |
| 222 | You could actually eradicate poverty. | 你实际上可以消除贫穷。 |
| 223 | Now, that should be our goal. | 这应该是我们的目标。 |
| 224 | The time for small thoughts and little nudges is past. | 少思少想,小udge之期已过. |
| 225 | I really believe that the time has come for radical new ideas, | 我真的相信,现在该是提出激进的新想法的时候了, |
| 226 | and basic income is so much more than just another policy. | 而基本收入远不止于另一种政策。 |
| 227 | It is also a complete rethink of what work actually is. | 这也是对实际工作的彻底反思。 |
| 228 | And in that sense, it will not only free the poor, | 从这个意义上讲,它不仅能解放穷人, |
| 229 | but also the rest of us. | 还有我们其他人 |
| 230 | Nowadays, millions of people feel that their jobs | 如今,数百万人感到他们的工作 |
| 231 | have little meaning or significance. | 没有什么意义或意义。 |
| 232 | A recent poll among 230,000 employees in 142 countries | 最近对142个国家的23万名雇员进行的民意调查 |
| 233 | found that only 13 percent of workers actually like their job. | 发现只有13%的工人真正喜欢他们的工作。 |
| 234 | And another poll found that as much as 37 percent of British workers | 另一项民意调查发现, 多达37%的英国工人 |
| 235 | have a job that they think doesn't even need to exist. | 有一份他们认为不需要存在的工作 |
| 236 | It's like Brad Pitt says in Fight Club, | 就像布拉德皮特在"格斗俱乐部"里说的 |
| 237 | too often, we're working jobs we hate so we can buy shit we don't need. | 我们经常做我们讨厌的工作 所以我们可以买我们不需要的东西 |
| 238 | Now, don't get me wrong. | 别误会我 |
| 239 | I'm not talking about the teachers and the garbage men | 我不是说老师和垃圾工 |
| 240 | and the care workers here. | 还有这里的护理人员 |
| 241 | If they'd stop working, | 如果他们停止工作, |
| 242 | we'd be in trouble. | 我们会有麻烦的。 |
| 243 | I'm talking about all those well-paid professionals | 我说的是那些高薪的专业人士 |
| 244 | with excellent resumes who earned their money | 拥有出色的履历 赚了他们的钱 |
| 245 | during strategic, transsector, peer-to-peer meetings | 在战略、跨部门、同行会议期间 |
| 246 | while brainstorming the value add-on of disruptive co-creation | 同时集思广益 破坏共创的价值 |
| 247 | in the network society. | 在网络社会中。 |
| 248 | Or something like that. | 或有类者. |
| 249 | Just imagine again how much talent we're wasting | 再想想我们浪费了多少才华 |
| 250 | simply because we tell our kids they'll have to earn a living. | 只是因为我们告诉孩子们 他们得谋生 |
| 251 | Or think of what a math whiz, working at Facebook, | 或者想想在Facebook工作时 算得上什么 |
| 252 | lamented a few years ago. | 哀叹数年前. |
| 253 | The best minds of my generation | 我这一代最好的人才 |
| 254 | are thinking about how to make people click ads. | 正在思考如何让人们点击广告。 |
| 255 | I'm a historian, | 我是个历史学家 |
| 256 | and if history teaches us anything, | 如果历史告诉我们什么, |
| 257 | it is that things could be different. | 事情可能不一样 |
| 258 | There is nothing inevitable about the way we structure our society | 我们社会的结构是不可避免的 |
| 259 | and economy right now. | 和现在的经济。 |
| 260 | Ideas can and do change the world. | 思想能够并确实改变世界。 |
| 261 | And I think that especially in the past few years, | 我认为特别是在过去几年里 |
| 262 | it has become abundantly clear that we cannot stick to the status quo, | 非常清楚,我们不能坚持现状, |
| 263 | that we need new ideas. | 我们需要新的想法。 |
| 264 | I know that many of you may feel pessimistic | 我知道你们很多人可能感到悲观 |
| 265 | about a future of rising inequality, xenophobia and climate change, | 关于日益加剧的不平等、仇外心理和气候变化的未来, |
| 266 | but it's not enough to know what we're against. | 但这不足以知道我们反对什么 |
| 267 | We also need to be for something. | 我们还需要有所作为。 |
| 268 | Martin Luther King didn't say, | 马丁·路德·金没有说 |
| 269 | I have a nightmare. | 我有一个噩梦。 |
| 270 | He had a dream. | 他做了个梦 |
| 271 | So here's my dream. | 这就是我的梦想 |
| 272 | I believe in a future | 我相信未来 |
| 273 | where the value of your work is not determined by the size of your paycheck, | 如果工作价值不取决于工资大小, |
| 274 | but by the amount of happiness you spread | 但以你们所享受的幸福, |
| 275 | and the amount of meaning you give. | 以及你给它的意义 |
| 276 | I believe in a future | 我相信未来 |
| 277 | where the point of education is not to prepare you for another useless job, | 教育的重心不是让你做好 另一项无用的工作, |
| 278 | but for a life well lived. | 但为生活好。 |
| 279 | I believe in a future where an existence without poverty | 我相信一个没有贫困的未来 |
| 280 | is not a privilege but a right we all deserve. | 这不是一种特权,而是我们大家应得的权利。 |
| 281 | So here we are. | 我们到了 |
| 282 | Here we are. | 我们到了。 |
| 283 | We've got the research, we've got the evidence and we've got the means. | 有研究,有证据和手段. |
| 284 | Now, more than 500 years after Thomas More first wrote about basic income | 在托马斯·莫尔第一次写到基本收入后500多年 |
| 285 | and 100 years after George Orwell discovered the true nature of poverty, | 在乔治·奥威尔发现贫穷的真正性质100年后 |
| 286 | we all need to change our worldview. | 我们都需要改变我们的世界观。 |
| 287 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
| 288 | Because poverty is not a lack of character. | 因为贫穷不是缺乏性格。 |
| 289 | Poverty is a lack of cash. | 贫穷是缺乏现金。 |
| 290 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
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