TED演讲：学习一门外语的秘诀
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:14 | I love learning foreign languages. | 我喜欢学习外语 |
| 0:16 | In fact, I love it so much | 其实,我很喜欢它 |
| 0:18 | that I like to learn a new language every two years, | 我喜欢每两年学习一次新语言, |
| 0:20 | currently working on my eighth one. | 正在处理我的第八部 |
| 0:23 | When people find out about me, they always ask me, | 当人们发现我, 他们总是问我, |
| 0:25 | how do you do that? | 你怎么会这样? |
| 0:26 | What's your secret? | 你的秘密是什么来着? |
| 0:27 | And to be honest, for many years, my answer would be, | 说实话 多年来 我的答案是 |
| 0:30 | I don't know, I simply love learning languages. | 我不知道,我只是喜欢学习语言。 |
| 0:33 | But people were never happy with that answer. | 但人们从不满意这个答案。 |
展开字幕全文（221 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I love learning foreign languages. | 我喜欢学习外语 |
| 2 | In fact, I love it so much | 其实,我很喜欢它 |
| 3 | that I like to learn a new language every two years, | 我喜欢每两年学习一次新语言, |
| 4 | currently working on my eighth one. | 正在处理我的第八部 |
| 5 | When people find out about me, they always ask me, | 当人们发现我, 他们总是问我, |
| 6 | how do you do that? | 你怎么会这样? |
| 7 | What's your secret? | 你的秘密是什么来着? |
| 8 | And to be honest, for many years, my answer would be, | 说实话 多年来 我的答案是 |
| 9 | I don't know, I simply love learning languages. | 我不知道,我只是喜欢学习语言。 |
| 10 | But people were never happy with that answer. | 但人们从不满意这个答案。 |
| 11 | They wanted to know why they are spending years | 他们想知道为什么他们要花很多年 |
| 12 | trying to learn even one language. | 试图学习一种语言。 |
| 13 | They wanted to know the secret of polyglots, | 他们想知道多胞胎的秘密 |
| 14 | people who speak a lot of languages. | 说很多语言的人 |
| 15 | And that made me wonder, too, | 我也觉得奇怪 |
| 16 | how do actually other polyglots do it? | 其它多块块块是怎么做的? |
| 17 | What do we have in common? | 我们有什么共同点? |
| 18 | And what is it that enables us to learn languages | 是什么让我们能够学习语言 |
| 19 | so much faster than other people? | 比别人快得多? |
| 20 | I decided to meet other people like me and find it out. | 我决定去见像我这样的人 找出答案 |
| 21 | The best place to meet a lot of polyglots | 认识很多多姐妹的最好地方 |
| 22 | is an event where hundreds of language lovers | 是数百名语言爱好者的事件 |
| 23 | meet in one place to practice their languages. | 在一个地方开会练习他们的语言。 |
| 24 | But I decided to meet other people like me | 但我决定遇见像我这样的人 |
| 25 | because there are several of such polyglot events | 因为有很多这样的多块事件 |
| 26 | organized all around the world, | 组织世界各地, |
| 27 | and so I decided to go there and ask polyglots about the methods that they use. | 于是我决定去那里 问多块块 他们使用的方法。 |
| 28 | And so I met Benny from Ireland, | 所以我遇到了来自爱尔兰的班尼 |
| 29 | who told me that his method is to start speaking from day one. | 他告诉我 他的方法就是从第一天开始说话 |
| 30 | He learns a few phrases from a travel phrasebook | 他从旅行语录里学了几句话 |
| 31 | and goes to meet native speakers | 去见讲母语的人 |
| 32 | and starts having conversations with them right away. | 然后立刻开始和他们谈话 |
| 33 | He doesn't mind making even 200 mistakes a day, | 他不介意每天犯200个错误 |
| 34 | because that's how he learns, based on the feedback. | 因为这是他如何学习, 根据反馈。 |
| 35 | And the best thing is, he doesn't even need to travel a lot today, | 而最好的是,他甚至不需要 旅行很多今天, |
| 36 | because you can easily have conversations with native speakers | 因为你可以很容易地和讲母语的人交谈 |
| 37 | from the comfort of your living room, using websites. | 从舒适的客厅,使用网站。 |
| 38 | I also met Lucas from Brazil, | 我也见过卢卡斯 来自巴西, |
| 39 | who had a really interesting method to learn Russian. | 他有一个非常有趣的方法 学习俄语。 |
| 40 | He simply added a hundred random Russian speakers on Skype as friends. | 他只是作为朋友在Skype上增加了一百个随机的俄语演讲者. |
| 41 | And then, seriously, | 然后,说真的, |
| 42 | and then he opened a chat window with one of them | 然后他打开了一个聊天窗口与其中之一 |
| 43 | and wrote, hi, in Russian. | 用俄语写作,你好。 |
| 44 | And the person replied, hi, how are you? | 那个人回答,你好,你好吗? |
| 45 | Lucas copied this and put it into a text window with another person. | 卢卡斯复制了这个并和另一个人一起放进文本窗口. |
| 46 | And the person replied, I'm fine, thank you, and how are you? | 那个人回答说,我很好,谢谢,你好吗? |
| 47 | Lucas copied this back to the first person, | 卢卡斯把这个复制回第一人称 |
| 48 | and in this way, he had two strangers have a conversation with each other | 这样,他有两个陌生人 互相交谈 |
| 49 | without knowing about it. | 却不知道 |
| 50 | And soon, he would start typing himself, | 很快他开始打字 |
| 51 | because he had so many of these conversations | 因为他有这么多这样的谈话 |
| 52 | that he figured out how the Russian conversation usually starts. | 他知道俄国人的对话通常是怎么开始的 |
| 53 | What an ingenious method, right? | 多么巧妙的方法,对吧? |
| 54 | And then I met polyglots who always start | 后来我遇见了 总是从头开始的多姐妹 |
| 55 | by imitating sounds of the language | 通过模仿语言的声音 |
| 56 | and others who always learn the 500 most frequent words of the language, | 以及那些总是学习500个最常用语言词的人, |
| 57 | and yet others who always start by reading about the grammar. | 还有一些总是从阅读语法开始 |
| 58 | If I asked a hundred different polyglots, | 如果我问一百个不同的多块, |
| 59 | I heard a hundred different approaches to learning languages. | 我听到一百种学习语言的方法。 |
| 60 | Everybody seems to have a unique way how they learn a language, | 每个人都有独特的方法 如何学习语言, |
| 61 | and yet we all come to the same result of speaking several languages fluently. | 然而,我们都取得了同样的结果,能够流利地说几种语言。 |
| 62 | And as I was listening to these polyglots telling me about their methods, | 当我听到这些多姐妹告诉我他们的方法时 |
| 63 | it suddenly dawned on me. | 突然间我突然发现 |
| 64 | The one thing we all have in common | 唯一的共同点 |
| 65 | is that we simply found ways how to enjoy the language-learning process. | 我们只是找到了如何享受语言学习进程的方法。 |
| 66 | All of these polyglots were talking about language learning | 所有这些多语种都在谈论语言学习 |
| 67 | as if it was great fun. | 感觉很好玩 |
| 68 | You should have seen their faces when they were showing me | 你该看看他们给我看的表情 |
| 69 | their colorful grammar charts and their carefully handmade flashcards | 他们的色彩多彩的语法图和精心制作的闪卡 |
| 70 | and their statistics about learning vocabulary using apps, | 以及他们使用应用软件学习词汇的统计数据, |
| 71 | or even how they love to cook | 甚至他们喜欢做饭 |
| 72 | based on recipes in a foreign language. | 基于一种外语的食谱。 |
| 73 | All of them use different methods, | 他们都使用不同的方法, |
| 74 | but they always make sure it's something that they personally enjoy. | 但他们总是确保 这是他们个人喜欢的东西。 |
| 75 | I realized that this is actually how I learned languages myself. | 我意识到这其实是我自己学会语言的方式。 |
| 76 | When I was learning Spanish, I was bored with the text in the textbook. | 学习西班牙语时,对教科书中的文字感到厌烦. |
| 77 | I mean, who wants to read about Jose | 我的意思是,谁想读 关于何塞 |
| 78 | asking about the directions to the train station, right? | 问到火车站的方向,对不对? |
| 79 | I wanted to read Harry Potter instead, | 我想读哈利・波特, |
| 80 | because that was my favorite book as a child, | 那是我小时候最喜欢的书 |
| 81 | and I had read it many times. | 我读过很多遍了 |
| 82 | So I got the Spanish translation of Harry Potter and started reading, | 于是我拿到哈利·波特的西班牙文译本 开始阅读 |
| 83 | and sure enough, I didn't understand almost anything at the beginning. | 我一开始几乎什么都不懂 |
| 84 | But I kept on reading because I loved the book, | 但我一直读 因为我喜欢这本书, |
| 85 | and by the end of the book, | 在书的结尾, |
| 86 | I was able to follow it almost without any problems. | 我几乎可以毫无问题地跟踪它。 |
| 87 | And the same thing happened when I was learning German. | 我学德语的时候也发生了同样的事情。 |
| 88 | I decided to watch Friends, my favorite sitcom in German. | 我决定看《朋友》 我最喜欢的德国喜剧 |
| 89 | And again, at the beginning, it was all just gibberish. | 再说一遍,一开始,一切都是胡言乱语。 |
| 90 | I didn't know where one word finished and another one started. | 我不知道一个词从哪里完成,另一个词从哪里开始. |
| 91 | But I kept on watching every day because it's Friends, | 但我每天都在看 因为那是朋友 |
| 92 | I can watch it in any language, I love it so much. | 我可以用任何语言看,我很喜欢它。 |
| 93 | And after the second or third season, | 第二季或第三季过后 |
| 94 | seriously, the dialogue started to make sense. | 对话开始变得有意义。 |
| 95 | I only realized this after meeting other polyglots. | 我遇见了其他的多姐妹才意识到这一点 |
| 96 | We are no geniuses, | 我们不是天才 |
| 97 | and we have no shortcut to learning languages. | 我们没有学习语言的捷径。 |
| 98 | We simply found ways how to enjoy the process, | 我们只是想办法享受这个过程, |
| 99 | how to turn language learning from a boring school subject | 如何从无聊的学校课程中学习语言 |
| 100 | into a pleasant activity which you don't mind doing every day. | 进入一个愉快的活动 你不介意每天做。 |
| 101 | If you don't like writing words down on paper, | 如果你不喜欢在纸上写字 |
| 102 | you can always type them in an app. | 您可以在应用程序中输入 。 |
| 103 | If you don't like listening to boring textbook material, | 如果你不喜欢听无聊的教材 |
| 104 | find interesting content on YouTube or in podcasts for any language. | 在YouTube或播客中找到任何语言的有趣内容。 |
| 105 | If you're a more introverted person | 如果你是一个更内向的人 |
| 106 | and you can't imagine speaking to native speakers right away, | 你无法想象马上跟本地人说话 |
| 107 | you can apply the method of self-talk. | 可以应用自言自语的方法。 |
| 108 | You can talk to yourself in the comfort of your room, | 你可以在舒适的房间里自言自语 |
| 109 | describing your plans for the weekend, how your day has been, | 描述你的周末计划, 你今天过得如何, |
| 110 | or even take a random picture from your phone | 甚至从手机上随机拍照 |
| 111 | and describe the picture to your imaginary friend. | 并描述你想象中的朋友的照片。 |
| 112 | This is how polyglots learn languages. | 这就是多语种学习语言的方式. |
| 113 | And the best news is, | 最好的新闻是, |
| 114 | it's available to anyone who's willing to take the learning | 任何愿意学习的人都可以 |
| 115 | into their own hands. | 他们的手。 |
| 116 | So meeting other polyglots helped me realize | 所以遇见其他的多姐妹 帮助我意识到 |
| 117 | that it is really crucial to find enjoyment | 找到享受是关键 |
| 118 | in the process of learning languages. | 在学习语言的过程中。 |
| 119 | But also, that joy in itself is not enough. | 但是,这种快乐本身是不够的。 |
| 120 | If you want to achieve fluency in a foreign language, | 如果你想在外语中达到流利 |
| 121 | you'll also need to apply three more principles. | 你还需要适用三个原则。 |
| 122 | First of all, you'll need effective methods. | 首先,你需要有效的方法。 |
| 123 | If you try to memorize a list of words for a test tomorrow, | 如果你试着记下明天的测试词单 |
| 124 | the words will be stored in your short-term memory, | 这些文字将储存在你的短期记忆中, |
| 125 | and you'll forget them after a few days. | 过几天你会忘记的 |
| 126 | If you, however, want to keep words long-term, | 但是,如果你想 保持长话短说, |
| 127 | you need to revise them in the course of a few days repeatedly | 您需要在几天内反复修改 |
| 128 | using the so-called spaced repetition. | 使用所谓的间距重复。 |
| 129 | You can use apps which are based on this system, | 您可以使用基于此系统的应用程序, |
| 130 | such as Anki or Memrise, | 譬如安基或麦米立斯, |
| 131 | or you can write lists of words in a notebook using the GoldList method, | 或者你可以用GoldList的方法 在笔记本上写字表 |
| 132 | which is also very popular with many polyglots. | 它也非常流行 在许多多块。 |
| 133 | If you're not sure which methods are effective | 如果你不确定哪种方法有效 |
| 134 | and what is available out there, | 以及那里有的, |
| 135 | 看看Polyglot的YouTube频道和网站 | |
| 136 | and get inspiration from them. | 并获得他们的启示。 |
| 137 | If it works for them, it will most probably work for you too. | 如果这对他们有用,它很可能对你也是有效的。 |
| 138 | The third principle to follow | 第三条原则 |
| 139 | is to create a system in your learning. | 在你的学习中创建一个系统。 |
| 140 | We're all very busy, | 我们都很忙 |
| 141 | and no one really has time to learn a language today. | 今天没人有时间学习语言 |
| 142 | But we can create that time if we just plan a bit ahead. | 但是,如果我们能提前计划一下,我们就能创造出时间。 |
| 143 | Can you wake up 15 minutes earlier than you normally do? | 你能比平常早15分钟醒来吗? |
| 144 | Well, that would be the perfect time to revise some vocabulary. | 那么,这将是一个完美的时间 修改一些词汇。 |
| 145 | Can you listen to a podcast on your way to work while driving? | 你能在开车的路上听播客讲吗? |
| 146 | Well, that would be great to get some listening experience. | 嗯,那太好了 得到一些倾听经验。 |
| 147 | There are so many things we can do without even planning that extra time, | 有很多事情我们可以做,甚至没有计划 额外的时间, |
| 148 | such as listening to podcasts on our way to work | 比如在上班的路上听播客 |
| 149 | or doing our household chores. | 或者做我们的家务。 |
| 150 | The important thing is to create a plan in the learning. | 重要的是在学习中创造计划. |
| 151 | I will practice speaking every Tuesday and Thursday | 我每周二和周四练习演讲 |
| 152 | with a friend for 20 minutes. | 和一个朋友在一起20分钟 |
| 153 | I will listen to a YouTube video while having breakfast. | 我会一边听YouTube的视频一边吃早餐 |
| 154 | If you create a system in your learning, | 如果你在学习中创造了一个系统, |
| 155 | you don't need to find that extra time, | 你不需要找到额外的时间, |
| 156 | because it will become a part of your everyday life. | 因为这将成为你日常生活的一部分 |
| 157 | And finally, if you want to learn a language fluently, | 最后,如果你想学一个流利的语言, |
| 158 | you need also a bit of patience. | 您还需要一些耐心。 |
| 159 | It's not possible to learn a language within two months, | 两个月内不可能学语言 |
| 160 | but it's definitely possible to make a visible improvement in two months | 但两个月后肯定可以明显改善 |
| 161 | if you learn in small chunks every day in a way which you enjoy. | 如果你每天以你喜欢的方式小块地学习 |
| 162 | And there is nothing that motivates us more than our own success. | 没有什么比我们自己的成功更能激励我们。 |
| 163 | I vividly remember the moment | 我清楚地记得那一刻 |
| 164 | when I understood the first joke in German when watching Friends. | 当我在看"朋友"的时候理解了德语的第一个笑话 |
| 165 | I was so happy and motivated | 我是如此快乐和积极 |
| 166 | that I just kept on watching that day two more episodes. | 那天我一直在看两集 |
| 167 | And as I kept watching, | 而当我一直看着, |
| 168 | I had more and more of those moments of understanding, | 我越来越了解这些时刻, |
| 169 | these little victories. | 这些小小的胜利。 |
| 170 | And step by step, I got to a level | 一步一步,我到了一个水平 |
| 171 | where I could use the language freely and fluently to express anything. | 在那里,我可以使用语言 自由和流利地表达任何东西。 |
| 172 | And this is a wonderful feeling. | 这感觉真好 |
| 173 | I can't get enough of that feeling, | 我受不了那种感觉 |
| 174 | and that's why I learn a language every two years. | 所以我每两年学一次语言 |
| 175 | So this is the whole polyglot secret. | 这就是整个多块块的秘密。 |
| 176 | Find effective methods which you can use systematically | 找到可以系统使用的有效方法 |
| 177 | over the period of some time in a way which you enjoy. | 在一段时期内,你喜欢这样。 |
| 178 | And this is how polyglots learn languages within months, | 这就是多民族在几个月内学习语言的方式 |
| 179 | not years. | 没有几年。 |
| 180 | Now, some of you may be thinking, | 现在,有些人可能会在想, |
| 181 | that's all very nice to enjoy language learning, | 享受语言学习真好 |
| 182 | but isn't the real secret that you polyglots are just super talented | 但这不是真正的秘密,你们这些多姐妹 只是超级天才 |
| 183 | and most of us aren't? | 我们大部分人不是? |
| 184 | Well, there's one thing I haven't told you about Benny and Lucas. | 有件事我还没告诉你 关于Benny和Lucas的事 |
| 185 | Benny had 11 years of Irish, Gallic and five years of German at school. | 班尼在校期间有11年爱尔兰语,加利语和5年德语. |
| 186 | Couldn't speak them at all when graduating. | 毕业时完全不能说 |
| 187 | Up to the age of 21, he thought he didn't have the language gene, | 21岁之前 他以为自己没有语言基因 |
| 188 | and he could not speak another language. | 他不会说别的语言。 |
| 189 | Benny started to look for his way of learning languages, | Benny开始寻找学习语言的方法 |
| 190 | which was speaking to native speakers and getting feedback from them. | 它向当地人说话,并从他们那里得到反馈。 |
| 191 | And today, Benny can easily have a conversation in 10 languages. | 而今天,本尼可以轻松地用10种语言进行交谈. |
| 192 | Lucas tried to learn English at school for 10 years. | 卢卡斯试图在学校学习英语10年. |
| 193 | He was one of the worst students in class. | 他是班上最差的学生之一. |
| 194 | His friends even made fun of him, | 他的朋友甚至取笑他, |
| 195 | gave him a Russian textbook as a joke | 给了他一本俄国教科书作为笑话 |
| 196 | because they thought he would never learn that language or any language. | 因为他们认为他永远学不到语言或任何语言。 |
| 197 | And then Lucas started to experiment with methods, | 然后卢卡斯开始尝试方法, |
| 198 | looking for his own way to learn. | 寻找自己的学习方法 |
| 199 | For example, by having Skype chat conversations with strangers. | 例如通过Skype和陌生人聊天. |
| 200 | And after just 10 years, | 过了十年 |
| 201 | Lucas is able to speak 11 languages fluently. | 卢卡斯能流利地说出11种语言. |
| 202 | Does that sound like a miracle? | 这听起来像奇迹吗? |
| 203 | Well, I see such miracles every single day. | 我每天都看到这样的奇迹 |
| 204 | As a language mentor, I help people learn languages by themselves. | 作为语言导师,我帮助人们自己学习语言. |
| 205 | And I see this every day. | 我每天都看到这个 |
| 206 | People struggled with language learning for five, 10, even 20 years. | 人们在语言学习方面挣扎了5年,10年,甚至20年. |
| 207 | And then they suddenly take the learning into their own hands, | 然后他们突然把学习带到自己手中, |
| 208 | start using materials which they enjoy, more effective methods, | 开始使用他们喜欢的材料, 更有效的方法, |
| 209 | or they start tracking their learning | 或者他们开始追踪他们的学习 |
| 210 | so that they can appreciate their own progress. | 这样他们就可以欣赏自己的进步。 |
| 211 | And that's when suddenly, | 这时突然, |
| 212 | they magically find the language talent that they were missing | 他们神奇地找到了他们失去的语言天赋 |
| 213 | all their lives. | 他们的一生。 |
| 214 | So if you've also tried to learn a language | 所以,如果你也尝试学习语言 |
| 215 | and you gave up thinking it's too difficult | 你放弃了觉得太难了 |
| 216 | or you don't have the language talent, | 或者你没有语言天赋 |
| 217 | give it another try. | 再试一次 |
| 218 | Maybe you're also just one enjoyable method away | 可能你也是个不错的方法 |
| 219 | from learning that language fluently. | 从学习语言流利。 |
| 220 | Maybe you're just one method away from becoming a polyglot. | 也许你只是一个方法 离开成为一个多块块。 |
| 221 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
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