人体耐冷还是耐热？答案颠覆直觉！
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:02 | Hi, this is Kate from MinuteEarth. | 嗨,这是凯特 从分钟地球。 |
| 0:04 | My temperature is just under 37 degrees Celsius, 98.6 for you Fahrenheiters, normal for a human. | 我温度刚刚低于37摄氏度 你们华氏98.6度 对于人类来说是正常的 |
| 0:12 | But here's something weird about our temperature. | 但是我们的温度有些怪异 |
| 0:15 | The highest body temp we know someone survived isn't that far above normal, but the lowest | 体温最高的温度,我们知道有人活下来了 不是比正常人高得多,而是最低的 |
| 0:20 | is more than twice as far in the other direction. | 在另一个方向上是两倍多。 |
| 0:23 | Why can we get so much colder than we can hot before our body calls it quits? | 为什么在身体停止前 我们能变得这么冷? |
| 0:28 | It turns out that we're already playing with fire, as far as what's happening inside | 原来我们已经在玩火了 就里面发生的事来说 |
| 0:33 | our bodies. | 我们的身体。 |
| 0:34 | Proteins we rely on to perform critical biological jobs work better when they're toasty because | 我们依赖蛋白质来完成重要的生物工作 当它们烤焦时,它们的工作效果更好 |
| 0:39 | heat loosens up their coiled structure, making them flexible enough to interact with other | 热能能拉开其圈状结构,使其具有足够的灵活性,可以与其他结构相互作用。 |
展开字幕全文（45 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hi, this is Kate from MinuteEarth. | 嗨,这是凯特 从分钟地球。 |
| 2 | My temperature is just under 37 degrees Celsius, 98.6 for you Fahrenheiters, normal for a human. | 我温度刚刚低于37摄氏度 你们华氏98.6度 对于人类来说是正常的 |
| 3 | But here's something weird about our temperature. | 但是我们的温度有些怪异 |
| 4 | The highest body temp we know someone survived isn't that far above normal, but the lowest | 体温最高的温度,我们知道有人活下来了 不是比正常人高得多,而是最低的 |
| 5 | is more than twice as far in the other direction. | 在另一个方向上是两倍多。 |
| 6 | Why can we get so much colder than we can hot before our body calls it quits? | 为什么在身体停止前 我们能变得这么冷? |
| 7 | It turns out that we're already playing with fire, as far as what's happening inside | 原来我们已经在玩火了 就里面发生的事来说 |
| 8 | our bodies. | 我们的身体。 |
| 9 | Proteins we rely on to perform critical biological jobs work better when they're toasty because | 我们依赖蛋白质来完成重要的生物工作 当它们烤焦时,它们的工作效果更好 |
| 10 | heat loosens up their coiled structure, making them flexible enough to interact with other | 热能能拉开其圈状结构,使其具有足够的灵活性,可以与其他结构相互作用。 |
| 11 | molecules. | 分子(分子数) |
| 12 | Plus, warmer temps boost our immune system, making it tough for germs to gain a foothold. | 此外,温暖的温度会增强我们的免疫系统, 使得细菌很难获得立足点。 |
| 13 | But there is a limit to how hot any given molecule in our body can get before it breaks. | 但是我们体内任何一种分子的热量 在它破裂之前是有限的。 |
| 14 | Over 40 degrees or so, certain proteins get so loose that they start to uncoil completely. | 超过40度左右, 某些蛋白质变得如此松散, 从而开始完全脱落。 |
| 15 | Not only can they no longer do their critical jobs, uncoiled proteins start tangling up | 他们不仅不能再做关键的工作, 没有油的蛋白质开始纠结 |
| 16 | in tight clumps which can gum up cells. | 紧紧的胶囊 能够口香糖细胞。 |
| 17 | This tangling is what you're seeing when you fry an egg, although the egg's hardy | 你煎鸡蛋时看到的就是这种叮当 虽然鸡蛋很硬 |
| 18 | proteins can tolerate way more heat than the delicate proteins in our cells. | 蛋白质比我们细胞中微妙的蛋白质更能耐热. |
| 19 | Other things start breaking above 40 degrees too. | 其他的东西也开始突破40度以上. |
| 20 | Membranes made of fatty molecules start to liquefy, and channels in and between our cells | 由脂肪分子制成的膜开始液化, 和我们的细胞内部和之间的通道 |
| 21 | malfunction, so stuff leaks where it isn't supposed to. | 故障,所以东西会泄漏 因为它不应该。 |
| 22 | By the time our body reaches about 47 degrees, enough critical components have broken down | 等我们身体达到47度时 足够重要的部件已经破碎了 |
| 23 | that we're toast. | 我们敬酒 |
| 24 | Yet because of the benefits of warmth, the human body, like the bodies of lots of other | 然而,由于温暖的好处, 人体,像很多其他身体 |
| 25 | warm-blooded critters, has evolved to operate pretty close to this breaking point, with | 温血的动物 已经进化到接近这个断点 |
| 26 | only a little wiggle room for the occasional fever or overexertion. | 只是偶尔发烧或过度劳累的空间 |
| 27 | There's way more wiggle room in the other direction. | 另一方向还有更摇摆的房间. |
| 28 | As molecules get colder, they become less prone to interacting, which slows chemical | 随着分子变冷,它们变得不太容易发生相互作用,这减缓了化学作用。 |
| 29 | reactions down. | 反应下降。 |
| 30 | Your body can't metabolize food as readily, electrical activity in your brain decreases, | 你的身体不能随时代谢食物 大脑中的电活减少 |
| 31 | and less blood gets pumped through your body. | 血流得少一点 |
| 32 | This slowdown isn't inherently deadly. | 减速不是致命的 |
| 33 | It can actually be helpful, because the slower reactions happen, the less energy and oxygen | 反应越慢 能量和氧气就越少 |
| 34 | organs require. | 机关需要。 |
| 35 | That's why we chill organs before transplanting them, and induce hypothermia in people with | 所以在移植器官之前先冷却一下 并引起人们的低温 |
| 36 | brain injuries. | 脑损伤. |
| 37 | And it's part of how bears and other animals survive huge wintertime drops in their body | 这是熊和其他动物 如何生存 巨大的冬季 下降在他们的身体 |
| 38 | temperature. | 温度。 |
| 39 | But there is a limit to how slow, and therefore how low, you can go. | 但有限度 有多慢, 因此,多低,你可以去。 |
| 40 | Even cold, slowed-down organs require some blood flow to supply life-sustaining resources | 即使是寒冷,减速的器官 也需要一些血液来供应维持生命的资源 |
| 41 | and take away life-threatening toxins. | 带走威胁生命的毒素 |
| 42 | Without that, we die. | 没有它,我们就死定了。 |
| 43 | But as long as the temperature of a person, or a snoozing bear, stays just high enough | 但只要一个人的体温, 或偷窥熊, 保持足够高 |
| 44 | to keep our organs working, we can generally reverse the problems caused by cold. | 我们一般可以扭转寒冷带来的问题。 |
| 45 | Just warm up again, slowly, and things will go more or less back to normal. | 再热一下,慢慢地, 事情会或多或少恢复正常。 |
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