冷冻食品如何制造？为什么它比新鲜蔬菜更营养？

发布于 2026-08-03 · 时长 8:13

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:00	A bag of frozen peas costs $1.69.	一袋冻豆要1.69美元。
0:03	The fresh ones next to them cost three times more.	旁边的新鲜的要花三倍
0:06	You reach for the fresh because frozen means lower quality.	你接触新鲜的,因为冷冻意味着质量较低。
0:10	But those fresh peas were picked 7 to 14 days ago, losing vitamin C every hour in transit.	但是这些新鲜的豌豆是7到14天前摘的,每小时在中转中都会失去维生素C.
0:17	The frozen peas were picked at peak ripeness, blanched, and to flash frozen within hours	冰冻的豌豆在峰值成熟时被摘下,被烧焦,在数小时内被冷冻
0:23	of leaving the soil.	离开土壤。
0:25	After five days in your refrigerator, a University of Georgia study found the frozen peas had	在你的冰箱里呆了五天后佐治亚大学的一个研究发现冻豌豆
0:29	more vitamins than the fresh ones.	维他命比新鲜的多
0:32	So how does freezing actually preserve food?	冻怎么保存食物?
0:35	What happens inside the cell when ice forms?	当冰形成时,细胞内部会发生什么?

展开字幕全文（129 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	A bag of frozen peas costs $1.69.	一袋冻豆要1.69美元。
2	The fresh ones next to them cost three times more.	旁边的新鲜的要花三倍
3	You reach for the fresh because frozen means lower quality.	你接触新鲜的,因为冷冻意味着质量较低。
4	But those fresh peas were picked 7 to 14 days ago, losing vitamin C every hour in transit.	但是这些新鲜的豌豆是7到14天前摘的,每小时在中转中都会失去维生素C.
5	The frozen peas were picked at peak ripeness, blanched, and to flash frozen within hours	冰冻的豌豆在峰值成熟时被摘下,被烧焦,在数小时内被冷冻
6	of leaving the soil.	离开土壤。
7	After five days in your refrigerator, a University of Georgia study found the frozen peas had	在你的冰箱里呆了五天后佐治亚大学的一个研究发现冻豌豆
8	more vitamins than the fresh ones.	维他命比新鲜的多
9	So how does freezing actually preserve food?	冻怎么保存食物?
10	What happens inside the cell when ice forms?	当冰形成时,细胞内部会发生什么?
11	And how do you tell which frozen products are worth buying?	你怎么知道哪些冷冻产品值得买?
12	Humans have frozen food for as long as there has been winter.	人类已经冷冻食物,直到冬天。
13	But modern frozen food begins with one man watching the Inuit fish.	但现代的冰冻食物从一个人看因纽特鱼开始.
14	In 1912, Clarence Birdseye, a naturalist from Brooklyn, moved to Labrador in northern Canada.	1912年,来自布鲁克林的自然学家克拉伦斯·伯德赛(Clarence Birdseye)搬到加拿大北部的拉布拉多.
15	The Inuit taught him to ice fish through thick frozen lakes.	因纽特人教他通过厚厚的冰冻湖来冰钓鱼.
16	When they pulled fish from the water, the catch froze almost instantly in minus 40 degree	当他们从水里捞鱼时,渔获物几乎瞬间冻结在零下40度
17	air.	空气空气空气空气
18	Months later, thawed and cooked, it tasted fresh.	数月后,解冻煮熟,味鲜.
19	Birdseye understood why.	鸟眼明白原因
20	Extreme cold froze the fish so fast that ice crystals had no time to grow large enough	极冷把鱼冻得这么快冰晶没有时间长得足够大
21	to damage cells.	破坏细胞。
22	Back in New York, commercially frozen fish sold poorly, mushy, watery, tasteless.	回到纽约,商业冷冻的鱼卖得很差,黏糊糊的,多水的,没有味道。
23	That fish had been frozen slowly, giving ice crystals time to expand and puncture cell	那条鱼被缓慢地冰冻冰晶有时间膨胀和刺穿细胞
24	walls.	墙壁
25	When thawed, ruptured cells leaked fluid, and the food fell apart.	解冻后,细胞破裂渗出液体,食物分解.
26	Birdseey花了十年时间制造机器复制了Labrador Air自然而然做的
27	In 1924, he patented a process that packed food into waxed cartons and froze them between	1924年,他申请了将食物包装成蜡纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸纸
28	refrigerated metal plates under pressure.	压下冷冻金属板.
29	In 1929, he sold the company for $22 million to what became General Foods.	1929年,他以2200万美元的价格将公司出售给后来成为通用食品公司.
30	The first retail frozen products hit shelves in 1930.	1930年第一批零售冷冻产品撞到货架.
31	The frozen aisle was born.	冰冻的过道诞生了
32	Everything in frozen food comes down to one question.	冰冻食物中的所有东西都有一个问题
33	How big are the ice crystals?	冰晶体有多大?
34	Water makes up 60 to 90 percent of most fresh produce by weight.	水占大多数新鲜产品重量的60%至90%。
35	When temperature drops below 0 degrees Celsius, that water begins to crystallize.	当温度下降到摄氏0度以下时,水开始结晶.
36	If the cooling is slow, a few ice crystals form first and then grow outward, absorbing	如果冷却缓慢,先形成几个冰晶,然后向外生长,吸收
37	surrounding water molecules into larger and larger structures.	环绕水分子形成更大的结构。
38	These crystals are big enough to pierce cell walls.	这些晶体足够大,可以刺穿细胞壁.
39	When the food thaws, the damaged cells release their liquid.	食物融化后,受损的细胞释放出液体.
40	That is why a slowly frozen strawberry turns to mush.	这就是为什么一个缓慢冰冻的草莓变成泥浆。
41	The structure is gone.	结构已绝.
42	Flash freezing changes the physics.	闪电冻结会改变物理
43	When temperature drops rapidly to minus 30 or minus 40 degrees Celsius, water molecules	当温度迅速下降到摄氏30度或40度时,水分子
44	crystallize simultaneously across the entire piece of food.	整个食物同时结晶
45	Millions of tiny crystals form at once instead of a few large ones.	数百万个小晶体同时形成而不是几个大晶体
46	These micro-crystals are too small to puncture cell walls.	这些微晶体太小,无法刺穿细胞壁.
47	The cellular structure stays intact.	细胞结构保持不变。
48	When the food thaws, the cells hold their shape, their liquid, and their nutrients.	食物融化后,细胞会保持其形状,液体,营养物质.
49	In a modern frozen vegetable plant, the process starts within hours of harvest.	在现代的冷冻植物中,这一过程在收获后数小时内开始.
50	Peas are picked by machine in the morning, trucked to the factory, washed and blanched	早上用机器捡豆子,卡车到工厂,冲洗和烧焦
51	in steam or hot water at 80 to 95 degrees Celsius for 60 to 90 seconds.	在蒸汽或热水中,摄氏80至95度,持续60至90秒。
52	Blanching deactivates enzymes that would otherwise cause the peas to lose color, flavor, and	断裂阻塞酶否则会使豌豆失去颜色,味道,和
53	vitamins even while frozen.	维他命甚至冻死的时候
54	It is a controlled burst of heat that stops the biological clock.	它是一个可控的热爆发阻止生物钟。
55	Then the peas are cooled immediately in ice water to prevent cooking.	然后豌豆立即在冰水中冷却以防止烹饪.
56	Next comes the freezer.	接下来是冰箱。
57	Most modern plants use individually quick frozen technology, known as IQF.	大多数现代植物都采用单个快速冷冻技术,称为IQF.
58	The peas travel on a mesh conveyor belt through a tunnel, blasting air at minus 35 to minus	豌豆在网状传送带上穿过隧道以零下35度到零下35度吹出空气
59	40 degrees Celsius.	40摄氏度。
60	Each pea freezes individually in minutes rather than clumping into a solid block.	每只豌豆在几分钟内单独冻结而不是挤进一个坚固的块里
61	This is why frozen peas pour freely from the bag instead of coming out as a brick.	这就是为什么冰冻的豌豆从袋子里自由倒,而不是像砖块一样出来.
62	IQF changed the industry because it meant consumers could use exactly as much as they	IQF改变了产业,因为它意味着消费者可以像他们一样使用
63	needed and return the rest to the freezer.	需要把剩下的还给冷藏室
64	The frozen peas are then weighed, packed, sealed, and moved into cold storage at minus	冰冻的豌豆被加重、包装、密封并移入冷藏室
65	18 degrees Celsius or below.	摄氏18度或以下。
66	At that temperature, microbial growth effectively stops.	在这个温度下,微生物生长实际上停止了。
67	Enzymes are dormant.	酶处于休眠状态.
68	Chemical reactions slow to near zero.	化学反应缓慢到接近零.
69	The food is not dead.	食物没死
70	It is suspended.	会议暂停。
71	A bag of properly stored frozen peas will maintain its nutritional value for 8 to 12 months.	一袋妥善储存的冻豌豆将维持其营养价值8至12个月。
72	Compare that timeline to fresh.	把时间比作新鲜的
73	Those peas at the supermarket were picked before peak ripeness to survive transport.	那些在超市的豌豆是在高峰成熟之前摘的在运输中幸存下来的
74	They spent 3 to 14 days in trucks and warehouses at refrigerated but above freezing temperatures.	他们在冷藏但高于冷冻温度的卡车和仓库里呆了3至14天。
75	Every day, vitamin C degraded.	每天,维生素C退化.
76	Enzymes continued breaking down sugars and starches.	酶继续分解糖和淀粉.
77	By the time you cook them five days after buying, they may have lost 40 to 50 percent	买完后5天做饭他们可能损失了40%到50%
78	of their original vitamin C. The frozen peas, blanched and locked in at peak ripeness hours	他们最初的维生素C。冰冻的豌豆,在最高峰的成熟时段被烧伤并锁在里面
79	after harvest, still have theirs.	丰收后,他们仍然有。
80	And this is where the money comes in.	钱就在这里
81	Americans throw away roughly 30 to 40 percent of all food purchased.	美国人丢掉所有购买食物的30%到40%。
82	Fresh produce is the single largest category of food waste.	新鲜产品是食物废物中最大的一类。
83	It goes bad before people eat it.	人吃之前情况很糟
84	Frozen food barely contributes because it does not spoil on a weekly schedule.	冰冻食品几乎无法贡献,因为它不会破坏每周的日程安排。
85	The average household wastes over $2,000 in food per year.	每年平均生活垃圾超过2,000美元的食物。
86	A family that shifted a third of their fresh produce to frozen equivalents would save hundreds	一个家庭把三分之一的新鲜产品换成冷冻等价物就能节省上百人
87	annually in waste alone, before counting the lower shelf price.	在计算较低的货架价格之前,每年单独浪费。
88	The frozen pea at $1.69 is not cheaper because it is worse.	冰冻的豌豆1.69美元并不便宜,因为它更糟糕.
89	It is cheaper because it does not rot on the way to your house.	因为它不会在去你家的路上腐烂。
90	But here is the part the frozen food industry does not advertise.	但这里是冰冻食品行业不做广告的部分.
91	Not everything in the frozen aisle is flash frozen.	不是所有在冰冻的过道上的东西都被冻结了
92	Frozen meals, pizzas, and dinners are manufactured products that happen to be stored frozen.	冻饭,披萨,和晚饭都是偶然储存的制成品.
93	Many contain 700 to 1500 milligrams of sodium per serving, sometimes over 60 percent of	其中许多含有700至1500毫克的钠,有时超过60%。
94	the daily limit in a single box.	单个框中的每日限制。
95	Some contain preservatives, stabilizers, and thickeners that have nothing to do with freezing.	有的含有防腐剂,稳定剂,加厚剂,与冷冻无关.
96	The misconception works in both directions.	这种误解在两个方面都有效。
97	People avoid frozen vegetables thinking they are processed.	人们避免冷冻蔬菜认为是加工的.
98	They buy frozen meals thinking they are healthy.	他们买冷冻饭以为他们健康。
99	The vegetables are often less processed than the fresh ones next to them.	蔬菜的加工量往往低于旁边的新鲜蔬菜。
100	The meals are often more processed than anything else in the store.	膳食的加工量往往比店里其他任何东西都多.
101	The freezer aisle is not one category.	冰柜过道不是一类
102	It is two completely different products sharing the same temperature.	它是两种完全不同的产品同样的温度。
103	Next time you stand in front of the freezer case, flip the bag.	下次你站在冷藏箱前把包翻过来
104	For frozen fruits and vegetables, the ingredient list should have one item.	对于冷冻水果和蔬菜,原料清单应有一个项目。
105	Pe豆.
106	Or broccoli.	或西兰花.
107	Or strawberries.	或草莓..
108	If you see sugar, salt, sauce, or anything you cannot pronounce, put it back.	如果你看到糖、盐、酱或任何不能发音的东西,就放回去。
109	A plain frozen vegetable with one ingredient was flash frozen at peak ripeness and is nutritionally	一种成分的普通冷冻蔬菜在最高峰时被冷冻,营养丰富
110	equal to or better than the fresh version sitting in your drawer for five days.	等于或优于在抽屉里坐五天的新版本。
111	For frozen meals, check sodium first.	冻饭先检查一下钠
112	Above 600 mg per serving is high.	每服600毫克以上是很高的。
113	Check the ingredient list length.	检查成分列表长度。
114	30 ingredients means manufactured product.	30种成分是指制成品.
115	A bag of frozen shrimp with one ingredient is just shrimp.	一袋冷冻虾和一种成分只是虾。
116	Price anchor.	价格锚.
117	Plain frozen vegetables run $1 to $3 per pound.	普通冷冻蔬菜每磅1到3美元。
118	Fresh equivalents run $2 to $5.	新鲜当量为2至5美元。
119	Frozen waste lasts less, lasts months, and delivers equal or higher vitamin content.	冷冻废物持续时间较短,持续数月,并产生相等或更高的维生素含量.
120	One rule.	一个规则。
121	If it has one ingredient, it is better than you think.	如果它有一个成分, 它比你想的更好。
122	If it has 30, read the label before you trust the box.	如果它有30,在信任盒子之前先读一下标签.
123	A $1.69 bag of peas.	一袋一万六千九块的豌豆
124	Picked at dawn, frozen by noon, locked in at peak nutrition for a year.	黎明时采,午时时冰冻,在营养高峰时锁定一年.
125	The fresh ones traveled two weeks to reach you.	新鲜的要旅行两周才能找到你
126	That's the process.	就是这样
127	We reveal how things actually work, one story at a time.	我们揭示了事情的实际运作方式, 一次一个的故事。
128	If there's something you'd like us to explore next, let us know.	如果接下来你想让我们探索一些东西告诉我们
129	Until then...	在此之前...

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