小蜜蜂也是天才建筑大师之一

发布于 2026-05-30 · 时长 15:43

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:01	The nest of the honeybee is a bit, well, I'll say it, anal.	蜜蜂的巢有点,好吧,我会说,肛门。
0:05	And I don't mean because of all the holes, I just mean it's a little too perfect.	我不是说因为所有洞, 我只是说它有点太完美了。
0:09	These sheets of honeycomb are used to raise bebe's and to store honey and pollen.	这些蜂窝的床单被用来饲养贝贝,并储存蜂蜜和花粉.
0:14	And this comb is made from a series of hexagonal cells.	而这种梳子是由一系列六边形细胞制成的.
0:17	And this shape, the hexagon, turns out to be quite special.	而这个形状,六边形, 原来是非常特殊的。
0:21	To make these cells, honeybees use wax, which they secrete from their own tum-tum areas.	为了制造这些细胞,蜜蜂使用蜡,它们将蜡从自己的肿瘤区域中分泌出来.
0:26	I mean, that alone, you tried building something with your secretions.	我的意思是,只有这样, 你试图用你的分泌。
0:29	But to make a pound of wax, you need the nectar from about two million flowers.	但是要制成一磅蜡,你需要大约200万朵花的花蜜.
0:33	Then you process that into about seven pounds of honey, and then you get your secretions.	然后把它加工成7磅的蜂蜜然后得到分泌物
0:38	It's a real bitch.	这是一个真正的婊子。

展开字幕全文（257 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	The nest of the honeybee is a bit, well, I'll say it, anal.	蜜蜂的巢有点,好吧,我会说,肛门。
2	And I don't mean because of all the holes, I just mean it's a little too perfect.	我不是说因为所有洞, 我只是说它有点太完美了。
3	These sheets of honeycomb are used to raise bebe's and to store honey and pollen.	这些蜂窝的床单被用来饲养贝贝,并储存蜂蜜和花粉.
4	And this comb is made from a series of hexagonal cells.	而这种梳子是由一系列六边形细胞制成的.
5	And this shape, the hexagon, turns out to be quite special.	而这个形状,六边形, 原来是非常特殊的。
6	To make these cells, honeybees use wax, which they secrete from their own tum-tum areas.	为了制造这些细胞,蜜蜂使用蜡,它们将蜡从自己的肿瘤区域中分泌出来.
7	I mean, that alone, you tried building something with your secretions.	我的意思是,只有这样, 你试图用你的分泌。
8	But to make a pound of wax, you need the nectar from about two million flowers.	但是要制成一磅蜡,你需要大约200万朵花的花蜜.
9	Then you process that into about seven pounds of honey, and then you get your secretions.	然后把它加工成7磅的蜂蜜然后得到分泌物
10	It's a real bitch.	这是一个真正的婊子。
11	So when you build with wax, you want to make something as strong as possible using the least amount of wax you can.	所以,当你用蜡来建造的时候,你想用你所能的最少的蜡来做尽可能坚固的东西.
12	Now bee babies are sort of shaped like a tube, and they can curl up around too, so they fit quite well in a circle.	现在蜜蜂宝宝的形状有点像管子, 它们也可以卷起来, 所以它们很适合圆形。
13	But if you put a bunch of circles next to each other, there's a lot of gaps, and you don't share much material between cells.	但是,如果把一串圆圈放在彼此的旁边,就会有很多的缺口,细胞之间没有太多的共享材料.
14	Not great for conserving your building material.	保存你的建材不好
15	To save some wax by sharing walls, what you want is a shape that tessellates, fits together perfectly when tiled.	为了通过共享墙壁来保存一些蜡,你想要的是一个形状,它能将瓦片配齐,在瓦片上完美地组合在一起.
16	Now in terms of simple shapes that tessellate, you got the triangle.	现在,从简单形状上看,你得到了三角形。
17	But now you're building more than you have to, with a lot of extra space around the larvae.	但是现在你正在建造更多的更多的空间围绕幼虫。
18	Next would be the square, but you run into a similar problem.	接下来是广场但你遇到了一个类似的问题
19	And then you come to the hexagon, and you can see just how much of an upgrade that is.	然后,你来到六边形, 你可以看到,这是多少升级。
20	Each cell shares walls on all sides, with very little wasted space inside.	每个细胞在四面各有墙壁,内部很少浪费空间.
21	But why stop there?	但为什么停下来?
22	The bottoms of these hexagonal cells aren't flat, but instead are a kind of cup made of three diamond shapes.	这些六边形细胞的底部并不平坦,而是一种由三个菱形组成的杯子.
23	What this means is that when you put three cells together and then flip them over,	这意味着当你把三个细胞组合起来然后把它们翻过来
24	you can see that between them you form the bottom shape for a cell on the other side.	您可以在它们之间看到,为另一边的单元格形成底部形状。
25	So now you're sharing material there too.	所以现在你也在那里分享材料。
26	This winds up being one of the most efficient configurations,	这最终成为了最有效的配置之一,
27	creating something that's both strong, but that also maximizes the amount of cells you can make with your materials.	创造出一个既强又能使你用材料制造的细胞量最大化的东西
28	Now I said one of the most efficient configurations,	现在,我说一个最有效的配置,
29	because some math hippie found an even more efficient way of doing it,	因为一些数学嬉皮士找到了一个更有效率的方法来做到这一点,
30	by changing the shape of the base and how they're aligned back to back.	通过改变基部的形状,以及它们如何向后对齐.
31	Probably felt quite superior to the bees until they found that some bees make that shape too.	也许觉得比蜜蜂优越直到它们发现有些蜜蜂也做出这种形状
32	Now let's hold on a second.	现在让我们等一下。
33	It took me several hours to make this piece of crap, and I had a ruler and a compass.	我花了几个小时才弄成这样我有一个尺子和一个指南针
34	And meanwhile, these honeybees can build mathematical perfection often in total darkness.	同时,这些蜜蜂可以建立数学完美经常在完全黑暗中。
35	And you know who they're working with?	你知道他们和谁一起工作吗?
36	Their own family.	他们自己的家庭。
37	You can imagine the arguments.	你可以想象这些争论
38	And if they screw up and the thing falls apart, they lose like generations.	如果它们搞砸了东西会分崩离析就会失去几代人
39	And what's even crazier is that paper wasps independently evolved the ability to build something similar,	更疯狂的是纸质黄蜂独立地发展了建造类似东西的能力
40	except not out of body wax, but rather chewed up bits of wood pulp.	除了不出体蜡, 而是咀嚼的木浆。
41	Now to get a sense of how this came to be, get it?	现在想一想这是怎么回事,明白吗?
42	It's worth going over a history of their approach to childcare.	值得回顾一下他们照顾孩子的做法的历史。
43	Now bees evolved from wasps.	现在蜜蜂是从黄蜂中进化而来的.
44	But before bees existed, the wasps that were around could give a shit about changing diapers.	但是在蜜蜂存在之前周围的黄蜂可能会在乎换尿布
45	They looked a lot like these ones.	他们看起来很像这些
46	That tube in the back is not a stinger, but rather a sort of drill slash baby delivery system.	背部的管子不是刺痛器而是某种钻刀式的婴儿分娩系统
47	These ones would find insect larvae, often hidden in plants.	这些动物会发现昆虫幼虫,常隐藏在植物中.
48	Their version of parenting was to drill down, lay an egg on that larva, and then leave.	他们的育儿模式是钻下去, 在幼虫上下蛋,然后离开。
49	When the baby hatches, it eats the larva, but otherwise has to fend for itself.	当婴儿孵化时,它会吃掉幼虫,但除此之外,它必须自行解决.
50	Now if you have children and you're thinking they're on to something, well, the wasps would agree.	如果你有孩子,而你认为他们有所作为, 那么,黄蜂会同意的。
51	Because the vast majority still do this today.	因为绝大多数人今天仍然这样做。
52	Boom.
53	Now there was a group of wasps whose ovipositors evolved into a stinger that could deliver venom.	现在有一群黄蜂它的紫外线进化成一个能送毒的刺客
54	Good for defense, but also, it allowed them to hunt insects and then paralyze them.	对防守有好处,但也让他们捕食昆虫,然后麻痹.
55	Keeping them alive long enough to stuff them in a hole somewhere, lay an egg on them,	让他们活得够久把他们塞进洞里给他们下个蛋
56	seal up the hole, and then leave.	把洞封起来然后离开
57	But back then, this was sort of like helicopter parenting.	但那时,这有点像直升机的养育。
58	Now over time, some of them learned how to dig their own holes.	现在,随着时间推移,有些人学会了如何挖自己的洞.
59	And those holes got some depth to them.	而那些洞得到了一些深度。
60	Now if they wanted to lay more than one egg, they could create these offshoot tunnels.	现在如果他们想要下一个以上的蛋, 他们可以创建这些离线隧道。
61	Each ending in a little baby room.	每一个结局在一个小婴儿室。
62	Now around this time, and I mean that very loosely, flowering plants appeared.	大约这个时候,我的意思是,非常松散的开花植物出现了。
63	I mean, before that, you'd get a fistful of fern on Valentine's Day.	我的意思是,在那之前, 你会得到一个拳头在情人节。
64	With the flowers came pollen.	花朵来了
65	Quite nutritious, proteins, lipids, sugars.	营养丰富的,蛋白质,脂质,糖类.
66	Now some wasps developed a taste for pollen.	现在有些黄蜂对花粉有了一种味道.
67	Maybe because the insects they were catching were covered with it.	也许是因为他们捕捉的昆虫被它覆盖了
68	And now, instead of insects, they would pack their little baby rooms full of pollen.	现在,他们不是昆虫而是把婴儿小房间装满花粉
69	Some of these became today's pollen wasps.	其中一些成为今天的花粉黄蜂.
70	And some of them became the first bees.	而其中一些也成为了第一只蜜蜂.
71	Hi, I'm Ze Frank.	嗨,我是泽・弗兰克。
72	Jerry, the camera's not pointed right.	杰瑞,相机不对劲
73	Oh, right.	对
74	So the bees went vegetarian, and they're out there shoving their pollen into underground baby holes.	所以蜜蜂们开始吃素, 他们把花粉扔进地下婴儿洞。
75	Now storing any kind of food underground has some challenges.	现在在地下储存任何食物都有一些挑战。
76	To keep out the moisture and fungus and whatnot,	为了保持水分和真菌等等
77	some bees start lining their cells with saliva and other regurgitants.	一些蜜蜂开始用唾液和其他重氮剂在细胞内排入体内.
78	So, so far, the major innovation in parenting is apparently shoving your baby in a plastic bag.	所以,到目前为止, 育儿的主要创新显然是将你的孩子扔在一个塑料袋。
79	But one of the biggest bummers of living underground is the ants.	但生活在地下最大的流浪汉是蚂蚁
80	I mean, you've been at a picnic.	你去过野餐
81	Now instead of your quinoa, I imagine they're going after your babies.	现在,而不是你的奎诺亚, 我想他们去追你的孩子。
82	And you!	还有你!
83	So some bees went upstairs.	所以有些蜜蜂上楼了
84	Plenty of holes now that you got flowering plants like trees.	有很多洞,现在你有开花植物像树。
85	Come on, you want to explore that hole.	来吧,你想探索那个洞。
86	Now, if you want to lay multiple eggs, you can't just dig a side tunnel.	现在,如果你想产多个蛋, 你不能只是挖一个侧式隧道。
87	You got to pack them in.	你得把它们打包进去
88	Create a little series of rooms, each one with some food and larvae.	创建一些小系列房间,每个房间都有一些食物和幼虫.
89	Kind of sucks to be the first egg laid.	第一次下蛋真烂
90	You got to wait for everyone else before you can get out.	你得等其他人才能出来
91	Anyway, now they're putting their babies in all sorts of crap.	不管怎么样,现在他们把孩子扔在各种垃圾。
92	Find a snail shell, stuff a baby in it.	找到一个螺壳里面装着婴儿
93	And they get all creative with the materials too.	他们对材料也有创意。
94	Start using leaves and sap.	开始用树叶和树苗
95	And you know they use them on the secretions too.	你知道他们也会用在分泌物上
96	Some of the wasps, they do their own version of this.	有些黄蜂,他们做自己的版本。
97	Start building their little baby rooms on things like branches.	开始在树枝上建造他们的婴儿室
98	Now there's two important things that happen.	现在有两件大事发生.
99	One is, some of these mummies don't seal the room up right away.	首先,有些木乃伊不会马上封住房间
100	And they start feeding and guarding their larvae until they're a little further along.	它们开始喂食和守护幼虫直到它们走得更远
101	And the second thing is thought to have been the result of a bit of a timing hiccup.	第二件事被认为是时间打嗝的结果。
102	Imagine a mother who builds and lays eggs in a number of baby rooms.	想象一下一个母亲在多个婴儿室里制造和产卵.
103	And it takes long enough that she's still working when the first child emerges.	而当第一个孩子出现时,她仍然在工作,需要足够长的时间.
104	The first children often emerge smaller from being undernourished.	第一个儿童往往因营养不良而变小。
105	Give mom a break, single working mother.	让妈妈休息一下,单身工作的母亲。
106	So they hang around a bit before going off to start a new nest.	所以在开始新的巢穴之前,它们会停留一段时间。
107	Now let's say that their maternal instincts kick in a bit early.	现在让我们假设,他们的母性本能踢得有点早。
108	And so they start taking care of their sisters and maybe helping mom build some new rooms.	所以他们开始照顾自己的姐妹也许可以帮助妈妈建一些新房间。
109	So the idea is that slight changes to the timing of their development	所以这个想法是他们的发展时间略有改变
110	can lead to solitary insects becoming social insects, a family business.	会导致孤独的昆虫成为社会昆虫,一种家族企业.
111	The stingless bees were thought to be the first ones to evolve this.	无刺的蜜蜂被认为是第一个进化出来的.
112	With generations working together you can start to go big.	几代人一起工作你就可以开始大干一场了
113	And some of these nests can have some complexity to them.	而其中一些巢穴可以对它们有一些复杂性.
114	With a sort of defensive labyrinth down at the bottom.	底部有个防守迷宫
115	And then plates or spirals of ordered baby rooms on top.	然后上面的婴儿室的盘子或螺旋
116	Can start looking a bit similar to a honeybee comb.	可以开始看起来像蜜蜂梳
117	But these are more like little rounded pots put next to each other.	但这些更像是放在彼此旁边的小圆形锅。
118	But becoming social doesn't guarantee complexity.	但社交并不能保证复杂性.
119	Bumblebees became social and their nests are a mess.	大黄蜂变成社交,它们的巢穴一团糟.
120	No, it's not until you get to the honeybee and later the paper wasps.	不,直到你到达蜜蜂和后来的纸蜂。
121	Who use costly materials to make things that often hang down and have to support weight.	他们使用昂贵的材料来制造经常被悬挂下来的东西,并且必须支撑重量.
122	Before you start getting that insanely obsessive geometry.	在你开始得到那疯狂的迷恋几何之前。
123	But how do they know how to do it?	但他们怎么知道怎么做到的?
124	Do they have some idea what it should look like?	他们知道它应该是什么样子吗?
125	I mean, even a simple structure like this.	我的意思是,即使是这样的简单结构。
126	Let alone when thousands of them are collaborating on a nest.	更别提成千上万人在窝里合作了
127	I mean, you know, statistically there's got to be a few idiots in there.	我的意思是,你知道,统计一定有一些白痴在那里。
128	Well, for this it's helpful to go over a concept called stigmurgy.	那么,对于这个,它有帮助超越一个概念叫Stigmurgy。
129	Stigmurgy, terrible word, is the idea that a signal in the environment triggers some sort of behavioral response in the animal.	Stigmurgy,可怕的词,是认为环境中的信号触发动物的某种行为反应.
130	I'm sure you know a bit about it because of the ants.	我敢肯定,你知道一些因为它的蚂蚁。
131	When they're out exploring and looking for food, they lay down a little Hansel and Gretel breadcrumb trail as they go.	当他们外出探索和寻找食物时,他们一去不复返,就放下了一小块汉塞尔和格雷特面包屑的痕迹.
132	But instead of breadcrumbs from the hand, it's pheromones from their butt region.	但与其说是手的面包屑,不如说是屁股部位的费洛蒙。
133	You can see that one plop some down right there.	你可以看到,一个跳出一些在那里。
134	You can think of it as a butt perfume that fades over time.	你可以把它看作是屁股香水逐渐淡出。
135	Now, when the next ant comes across these pheromones on the ground, it gets a signal to follow that trail.	现在,当下一个蚂蚁在地面上穿过这些费洛蒙时,它会得到一个信号来跟踪这条小径.
136	And the stronger that signal is, the more likely they are to do that.	信号越强,他们就越可能这样做。
137	Now, this simple rule famously allows ants to find the shortest distance between their nest and a food source.	现在,这个简单的规则著名的允许蚂蚁找到最短的距离他们的巢和食物来源。
138	At first, there's ants walking all over the place.	初有蚂蚁遍行.
139	But the ants that happen to follow the shorter path double back first and reinforce that route more quickly, which leads others to do the same.	但碰巧走较短的路的蚂蚁先双反,更快地强化这条路,这导致其他人也这样做.
140	Now, when ants build their nests, they do something similar.	当蚂蚁筑巢时它们也会做类似的事情
141	This right here is the nest of the common black ant, Lassius niger.	这里就是普通黑蚁的巢穴拉修斯尼格
142	You can see the inside looks a bit like a problematic colonoscopy.	你可以看到里面看起来有点像一个有问题的结肠镜检查。
143	But if you zoom out a bit, you can see there's some sense to it.	但是,如果你放大一点, 你可以看到它有一些意义。
144	Sort of a multi-level condo.	多层公寓
145	Now, to build these nests, each individual ant only has to follow a few simple rules.	现在,要建造这些巢穴,每个个体的蚂蚁只需要遵循几个简单的规则.
146	First, find a little pellet of dirt to pick up that is not covered in pheromones.	首先,找点小桶的泥土来捡那些没有被费洛蒙覆盖的东西.
147	Then add your pheromones to that pellet.	那就把你的费洛蒙塞进球丸里
148	Next, walk around until you find other pellets that do have pheromone on them.	接下来,四处走走,直到你找到其他的粒上面有激素。
149	The more the better.	越发好。
150	Then drop your pellet on top of them.	那就把你的球扔在他们上面
151	Next, if you find a pile of butt-stank pellets that's about as tall as you are, add your pellet up top but to the side.	接下来,如果你发现一堆屁股的罐子大约和你一样高, 加上你的球上但侧。
152	Using these rules, you can see that they build the supporting columns.	使用这些规则,你可以看到它们构建了支撑柱.
153	And then, as those side bridges start to join up, they're building the floor of the next level.	然后,随着这些侧桥开始连接起来,它们正在建造下一层的地板.
154	On top of which, they'll start building new columns on the next floor.	在其中,他们将开始在下一层建造新的柱子.
155	As the nest grows bigger, ants start reusing pellets from the bottom to build the top.	随着巢体增大,蚂蚁开始从底部重新使用球粒来建立顶部.
156	The pheromones down there have evaporated.	下面的球体蒸发了
157	And this means that the nest is like a constantly moving escalator, with layers on the bottom disappearing as new layers get added on top.	这意味着巢穴就像一个不断移动的扶梯,底部的层层随着新的层层被添加到顶部而消失.
158	But here's the crazy thing.	但这里的疯狂的事情。
159	If you look close at this scan of the hive, you'll see that there's connections between the floors.	如果你仔细看这个蜂巢的扫描,你会看到地板之间有联系.
160	Now, here's the thing.	事情是这样的
161	No one builds those.	没有人建造这些。
162	Instead, they're a natural byproduct of the somewhat random unevenness of the building process.	相反,它们是建筑过程有些随意的不平衡的自然副产品.
163	These defects, called edge dislocation and screw dislocation, also happen when crystals grow.	这些缺陷,称为边缘脱落和螺丝脱落,也发生在晶体生长时.
164	And you can see them form and create connectivity between the layers as the nest gets bigger.	你可以看到它们形成并随着巢的增大形成层之间的连接
165	These also show up in termite nests.	这些也出现在白蚁巢中.
166	The point is that complex things can be built using simple patterns of stimulus and response.	要点是,复杂的事物可以使用简单的刺激和反应模式来构建.
167	And some of the chaotic randomness of this can actually be beneficial.	这些杂乱无章的随机性实际上可能是有益的。
168	It's not just pheromones, by the way.	顺便说一句,不只是费洛蒙
169	A signal to do something can come from all sorts of things.	做某事的信号可以来自各种事物.
170	A major signal for termites is humidity, which allows them to create massive structures which are ventilated and temperature controlled.	白蚁的主要信号是湿度,这使得白蚁可以产生大块的结构,这些结构是通风和控制温度的.
171	So if you're looking for stigmurgy, the trick is to find a specific signal that elicits a specific response.	所以,如果你想找一些棘手的问题, 诀窍是找到一个特定的信号, 引起具体的响应。
172	And one way to do that is to mess with an insect while it's building.	其中一个方法就是在昆虫建房时把它弄得一团糟
173	For example, some potter wasps make little entrances to their underground nests.	例如,一些陶器黄蜂在它们的地下巢穴中做小入口.
174	The first stimulus is their hole.	第一个刺激是他们的洞。
175	I'm like 12.	我像12岁。
176	Then there seems to be stimuli related to height and curvature and shape.	然后似乎还有与身高和曲率及形状有关的刺激.
177	And the science hippies figured this out by doing stuff like this.	科学的嬉皮士们通过做这样的事情发现了这一点。
178	If they're building the straight part and you bury it partway, they'll keep building it until it's the right height.	如果他们正在建造直线部分,你把它埋在路边,他们会继续建造直到它达到合适的高度.
179	When it's the right height, that's the stimulus to start curving.	当它的正确高度, 这就是刺激开始曲折。
180	But now, if they're building that curve and you bury it partway, they don't care about the height anymore.	但是现在,如果他们正在建造那条曲线而你把它埋在路边, 他们就不再关心高度了。
181	And they'll build that bell shape right into the ground.	他们会把铃声的形状建在地上
182	If you really want to mess with them, cut a hole in the top after they've finished.	如果你真的想惹他们, 在他们完成后,在顶部切一个洞。
183	Because that hole is back to the first stimulus.	因为那个洞又回到了第一次刺激。
184	And instead of patching it up, they'll build a whole new funnel.	而不是修补它, 他们会建立一个全新的漏斗。
185	So you can make sort of decision tree flow charts out of this stuff.	所以,你可以做一些决定树流程图从这些东西。
186	Kind of makes it more fun to watch a paper wasp queen start a new nest.	看报纸蜂后开始新巢会更有趣
187	Work on the angles of your base until it forms the stimulus to start building the stalk.	研究你基地的角度,直到它形成开始建立树桩的刺激。
188	This stalk, by the way, is cool.	顺便说一句,这个树枝很酷
189	They cover it with ant repellent.	他们用驱蚁剂掩护它
190	A line of defense, literally.	防线,字面上。
191	When the stalk's the right length, you build a sort of flat surface that provides the backing for your first cells.	当树枝的长度合适时,你就会造出一种平坦的表面,为第一个细胞提供支撑.
192	Now in this case, the cells start off as circular tubes.	在这种情况下,细胞开始成为圆形管。
193	Then she sticks her head in there and applies pressure to form the flat walls of adjoining cells.	然后她把头伸进去,施加压力,形成毗邻细胞的平面壁.
194	So the outermost cells will have a rounded side to them.	所以最外层的细胞会有一个圆形的侧面。
195	Lay an egg in one of them and pretty soon you've got some help.	在其中之一下个蛋很快你得到一些帮助。
196	But now, as the nest grows and you got more workers, things get a bit more complex.	但是现在,随着巢穴的生长, 你得到了更多的工人, 事情变得有点复杂。
197	Depending on where the wasp lands, you've got all sorts of shapes providing stimulus to do different things.	视黄蜂的栖息地而定你有各种各样的形状提供不同的刺激
198	Build a wall higher, start a new cell, stick your head in one and shape it.	建高墙,开新囚室,把头固定在一旁,形成形体.
199	If you give wasps a new color of paper each day to work with, you can see they're building all over the place.	如果你每天给黄蜂一个新颜色的纸张来配合,你可以看到它们正在到处建造.
200	It's not like one starts a cell and sees it through.	这不像一个开始细胞,看到它穿过。
201	They build based on the task at hand wherever they are, as you can see with inmate number seven.	他们以手头的任务为基础,无论他们在哪里,你可以看到囚犯7号。
202	But their responses to stimuli aren't just on-off switches.	但他们对刺激的反应不仅仅是开关
203	You can think of them more like urges, which have different strengths.	你可以把它们想得更像冲动,这些冲动有不同的长处.
204	So depending on the shape they come across, they have different probabilities of doing a particular thing.	所以,根据它们遇到的形状, 它们有不同的概率做一个特定的事情。
205	For example, the probability that a wasp will start a new cell seems to have to do with how many inward corners they come across.	例如,黄蜂启动新细胞的概率似乎与它们遇到多少个内角有关.
206	In the first one, you got a corner, but it's outward-facing, zero probability.	在第一个,你有一个角, 但它是外向的,零概率。
207	Next one, you got one inward corner, goes up to 20%.	下一个,你有一个内角, 高达20%。
208	You get it, and by the time you get to the last one, it's almost guaranteed that they're going to start a new cell there.	你明白了,当你到达最后一个的时候, 几乎可以保证,他们会在那里开始一个新的细胞。
209	But a different species may have instincts with different probabilities.	但不同的物种可能具有不同概率的本能.
210	And you can run simulations that show how you get different nest architectures from them.	你可以进行模拟,展示你如何从它们那里获得不同的巢穴建筑。
211	Now at this point, you might be like, all right, I get it.	现在,你可能喜欢, 好吧,我明白了。
212	Honeybees and their hexagons, they do it the same way as these wasps, right?	蜜蜂和它们的六边形它们和黄蜂一样
213	Instead of pattern responses triggered by stimuli, you fart out a honeycomb.	而不是刺激引发的规律反应, 你放屁出一个蜂窝。
214	And this may be true, but it doesn't stop science hippies from challenging this idea.	这可能是真的,但这并不阻止科学嬉皮士挑战这个想法。
215	One reason for this is how well honeybees do when things get wonky.	其中一个原因是蜜蜂在变得怪怪的状态下有多好.
216	Out in nature, they build their honeycombs in all sorts of places, which means you're not always building in nice flat sheets.	在自然界里,他们在各种地方建蜂窝, 这意味着你并不总是在平坦的床单上建蜂窝。
217	Science hippies got them to build this shape just by rotating the hive every few days,	科学嬉皮士让他们通过每隔几天旋转蜂巢来造出这种形状,
218	changing the direction of gravity.	改变引力的方向。
219	And what's more is that the hexagons they build aren't always the same size.	更重要的是,它们建造的六边形并非总一样大小。
220	The ones they make for male babies are slightly bigger.	它们为雄性婴儿制作的体型略大一些.
221	So with things like curvature and size differences, you can't really do that nice even tiling we saw in the beginning.	所以随着曲率和体型的差异, 你无法真正做到那么美好, 即使我们从一开始就看到了。
222	In fact, when you look closely at a honeycomb, it's not all hexagons.	事实上,当你仔细看一个蜂窝时,并不是所有的六边形.
223	Look at that, you got squares, pentagons, whatever the seven-sided ones are called, and even an octagon.	你看,你得到了方形,五角星, 无论七边形被称作, 甚至一个八角星。
224	And you can especially find these anomalies when combs merge.	梳子合并时特别可以发现这些异常现象.
225	Those hexagons just don't line up.	这些六边形只是不排队。
226	And that's the thing, honeybees seem to be great at taking lemons and making lemonade.	蜜蜂在吃柠檬和做柠檬汁方面似乎很棒
227	I mean, they have the honey, kill me.	我的意思是,他们有蜂蜜,杀了我。
228	For example, you can get them to start building off of templates of wax.	例如,你可以让他们开始用蜡模板来构建.
229	In this template here, the hexagons were just the right size.	在这个模板中,六边形只是合适的尺寸.
230	But if you start them off with hexagons that are either too small or too large,	但如果你用太小或太大的六边形开始
231	they find ingenious ways of transitioning them to the right size.	他们找到巧妙的方法, 让他们向合适的大小过渡。
232	So one argument is that if this was purely stigmurgy,	因此,一个论点是,如果这是纯粹的模糊,
233	you'd have to have a ridiculous amount of rule sets to deal with all the things that the bees encounter.	要处理蜜蜂遇到的一切就必须有一套可笑的规则
234	So maybe there's something else going on.	所以也许还有别的事发生
235	Maybe they have a template in their mind, or there's something to do with physics like those termite ramps.	也许他们脑子里有样板或者和白蚁坡道一样的物理学有关
236	One idea was that if your heat wacks up, it acts like a liquid.	一种想法是,如果你的热量上升, 它像液体。
237	And maybe that mathematical purity emerges from physical forces like surface tension,	也许数学纯度产生于物理力如表面张力,
238	much like how soap bubbles form geometric patterns.	就像肥皂泡如何形成几何图案
239	But hives don't seem to get hot enough for that to work.	但蜂巢似乎并不够热以便做到这一点。
240	Another thought is that they're just building round tubes,	另一个想法是,他们只是建造圆形管,
241	but neighboring bees pushing walls against each other eventually finds a geometric equilibrium.	但相邻的蜜蜂互相推墙最终发现了几何平衡
242	But on the other hand, when you look at some of these bees start building,	但另一方面,当你看着这些蜜蜂开始建造时,
243	it certainly can seem like they're making hexagons.	看来他们正在制造六边形
244	And the stigmurgists might say, while smoking a pipe,	刺客们可能会说在抽烟的时候
245	I'm thinking like in a rocking chair in Provence,	我想就像在普罗旺斯的摇椅上
246	keep looking, the bees don't need anything to do these magic tricks except for some simple rules.	继续寻找,蜜蜂不需要任何东西来做这些魔术除了一些简单的规则。
247	Also a shitload of flowers.	还有一大堆花
248	You need those.	你需要这些。
249	Oh, and that belly button that makes wax thing.	哦,还有那个能做蜡的肚脐
250	I mean, it'd be pretty cool to have that.	我的意思是,这将是相当酷有这个。
251	But in humans, it'd probably come from our ear holes, which would suck.	但是在人类中,它可能来自我们的耳孔, 这将吸。
252	Hey, Daniel, is your wax ready?	嘿,丹尼尔,你的蜡准备好了吗?
253	What?	你说什么?
254	I said, is your wax ready?	我说,你的蜡准备好了吗?
255	Yeah, I did my taxes already.	是的,我已经做了我的税。
256	That's the sort of comedy writing gold you'll get to witness if you join my Patreon.	这是那种喜剧写黄金你会看到如果你加入我的帕特伦。
257	Members supported dad jokes.	成员们支持爸爸的笑话。

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