一光年到底有多远？人类最快飞船也要飞一万八千年

发布于 2026-09-08 · 时长 8:50

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:00	There is a number that will make you feel very small.	有个数字会让你觉得很小
0:03	One light year.	光阴一年.
0:04	The distance light travels	灯光的距离
0:06	in a single year.	一年之内。
0:07	It sounds like a unit of time.	这听起来像一个单位的时间。
0:10	It is not.	事实并非如此。
0:11	It is a unit of distance so vast	这么远的单位
0:14	that our fastest spacecraft moving at full speed right now would need more than 18,000 years to	我们最快的飞船现在全速运行需要超过18000年的时间
0:20	cross it.	穿过它。
0:21	And the nearest star to our sun is 4.2 of those light years away.	离我们太阳最近的恒星是那些光年中的4.2个

展开字幕全文（172 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	There is a number that will make you feel very small.	有个数字会让你觉得很小
2	One light year.	光阴一年.
3	The distance light travels	灯光的距离
4	in a single year.	一年之内。
5	It sounds like a unit of time.	这听起来像一个单位的时间。
6	It is not.	事实并非如此。
7	It is a unit of distance so vast	这么远的单位
8	that our fastest spacecraft moving at full speed right now would need more than 18,000 years to	我们最快的飞船现在全速运行需要超过18000年的时间
9	cross it.	穿过它。
10	And the nearest star to our sun is 4.2 of those light years away.	离我们太阳最近的恒星是那些光年中的4.2个
11	By the time you finish	当你完成的时候
12	watching this video, you will understand exactly how far that really is.	看这段视频,你会明白这到底有多远。
13	And it is going to hurt	会很痛的
14	a little.	一点点。
15	In 1676, a Danish astronomer named Ole Romer did something that changed physics forever.	1676年,一位丹麦天文学家Ole Romer做了一些永远改变物理学的事情.
16	He noticed that Jupiter's moon Io kept appearing slightly earlier or later than predicted,	他发现木星的月亮木卫一一直出现稍早或稍晚于预测,
17	depending on where Earth was in its orbit.	取决于地球的轨道位置
18	He realized this wasn't a mistake in the math.	他意识到这不是数学上的错误.
19	It was the time it took light to cross the extra distance between Earth and Jupiter.	穿越地球和木星之间的额外距离的时间到了.
20	For the first time in history, someone had proved that light has a speed.	历史上第一次有人证明了光有速度.
21	It isn't instantaneous.	这不是瞬间。
22	It travels.	其行迹.
23	And when you calculate how fast, the number is staggering.	当你计算速度时,数字是惊人的。
24	Roughly 186,000 miles per	每公里约186,000英里
25	second, or about 670 million miles per hour.	第二,大约每小时6.7亿英里。
26	At that speed, light crosses the distance from	在这样的速度下,光穿过距离
27	Earth to the moon in about 1.3 seconds.	约1.3秒后地球到月球.
28	It reaches the sun in 8 minutes and 20 seconds.	它在8分20秒内到达太阳.
29	It reaches Neptune, the outermost planet, in about 4 hours.	它到达海王星,最外层的行星, 大约4小时。
30	And in one full year,	一年之内
31	it travels approximately 5.88 trillion miles.	它行驶约5.88万亿英里.
32	That distance is one light year.	距离是光年。
33	5.88 trillion miles.	5.88万亿英里.
34	That is the unit.	这是单位。
35	That is what we are trying to cross.	这就是我们试图跨越的。
36	The fastest object humanity has ever built is the Parker Solar Probe.	人类建造最快的物体是帕克太阳探测器.
37	Launched in 2018,	2018年开通,
38	it uses repeated gravity assists from Venus to accelerate toward the sun.	它利用金星的重复引力加速向太阳前进
39	And in December 2024,	而在2024年12月,
40	it reached a peak speed of around 430,000 miles per hour.	它达到每小时43万英里的最高速度
41	The fastest any human-made object	最快的人类造物
42	has ever moved.	曾经移动过。
43	430,000 miles per hour.	时速43万英里.
44	That is fast enough to travel from New York to Los Angeles	这么快就能从纽约到洛杉矶了
45	in under a second.	在一秒钟。
46	Fast enough to circle Earth in about 3.5 minutes.	速度足以在3.5分钟左右环绕地球.
47	And at that speed,	以那样的速度
48	to cross one light year, the Parker Solar Probe would need approximately 1,500 years.	穿越一个光年,帕克太阳探测器将需要大约1500年。
49	1,500 years.	一千五百年了一千五百岁
50	From the year of a Roman Emperor to today.	从罗马皇帝的年号到今天.
51	To cross a single light year.	过一光年.
52	But the Parker Solar Probe can't actually go anywhere useful at that speed.	但帕克太阳探测器不能以那样的速度去任何有用的地方.
53	It's locked in	锁在里面了
54	an orbit around the sun.	环绕太阳的轨道
55	Using the sun's own gravity as part of its trajectory, it isn't heading	利用太阳本身的引力作为其轨迹的一部分它不会前进
56	to another star.	给另一颗恒星
57	Nothing we have built is capable of that journey.	我们建造的任何东西都无法完成这一旅程。
58	Not yet.	还没
59	Not even close.	还差一点
60	Voyager 1.	变速器 1.
61	Launched September 5, 1977.	1977年9月5日启用.
62	The farthest human-made object from Earth.	地球最远的人造物体.
63	Moving at roughly 38,000 miles per hour.	时速约38000英里
64	It has been traveling for nearly 50 years without ever	它已经旅行了将近50年
65	stopping.	停下来。
66	And on November 18, 2026, at exactly 2.16 in the morning Pacific time, NASA has calculated	2026年11月18日太平洋时间凌晨2.16分 NASA已经计算出
67	down to the precise second that Voyager 1 will cross a milestone no human creation	准确的第二秒沃亚格1号将跨越一个里程碑没有人类创造
68	has ever reached.	已经到达。
69	It will be exactly one light day from Earth.	离地球只有一天光
70	Not a light year.	没有光年。
71	A light day.	光明日报.
72	The distance light travels in just 24 hours.	距离光在24小时之内就到了
73	After 49 years of constant travel, at 38,000 miles per	经过49年的不断旅行,每公里38 000英里
74	hour, Voyager 1 will have covered 1 24th of a single light year.	小时,Voyager 1将覆盖单一光年的124。
75	Let that settle.	就这么定了
76	1 24th	1月24日 (中文(简体) ).
77	of one light year in 50 years.	50年中的光年。
78	At that same rate, to cross one full light year,	以同样的速度,跨越一个完整的光年,
79	Voyager 1需要大约18000年的时间才能到达最近的恒星Prosima Centauri,
80	at 4.2 light years away.	在4.2光年远。
81	It would take roughly 73,000 years.	大约需要73,000年。
82	Nobody alive today, or anyone born	今天没有人活着也没有人出生
83	in the next thousand generations, would be there to see it arrive.	在后千代, 将会看到它到达。
84	That is what a light year means	这就是光年的意思
85	in terms of our actual technology.	就我们的实际技术而言
86	Not a poetic number.	不是一个诗人的数字。
87	A physical fact about the gap between	相差的物理事实
88	what we can build and where we want to go.	我们能建的和我们想去的地方。
89	Here's the detail that makes everything worse.	下面是细节使一切更糟。
90	The solar system is not just the sun and the eight planets.	太阳系不仅仅是太阳和八颗行星.
91	Around it, at an enormous distance,	绕着它,在巨大的距离,
92	sits what astronomers call the Oort Cloud, a vast spherical shell of icy objects, comets, and debris	坐着天文学家所谓的"奥特云", 巨大的球形外壳冰层物体,彗星,和碎片
93	left over from the formation of the solar system billions of years ago.	数十亿年前太阳系形成时留下的
94	The Oort Cloud doesn't	乌龟云不会
95	end at a neat boundary, but estimates suggest it extends somewhere between half a light year	以整齐的边界结束,但估计它大约在半光年之间
96	and potentially two light years from the sun.	可能离太阳还有两光年
97	Which means that, even if you could somehow travel	也就是说,即使你能去旅行
98	one full light year from Earth, you might still technically be inside our solar system's outer	离地球一整年的光线你可能还在我们的太阳系外层
99	envelope.	信封内。
100	Voyager 1 crossed the heliopause, the boundary where the sun's direct influence ends,	Voyager 1号穿过太阳系,太阳的直接影响结束的边界,
101	back in 2012.	回到2012年时.
102	But the Oort Cloud is a different thing entirely.	但乌龟云是完全不同的
103	It's the gravitational reach of	这是引力到达
104	the sun extended across an almost incomprehensible distance.	太阳伸展了几乎无法理解的距离
105	And we have never sent anything to study	我们从来没有送过任何东西去学习
106	it directly.	直接说
107	Nobody has.	没有人知道。
108	We know it exists largely because of the long period comets it occasionally	我们知道它的存在很大程度上是因为彗星存在的时间很长
109	flings toward the inner solar system.	飞向太阳系
110	So when we say that crossing a light year is almost impossible	所以当我们说渡过光年几乎是不可能的
111	with current technology, we are also saying that the edge of what could reasonably be called our	以目前的技术,我们也说, 边缘是合理可以称为我们的
112	neighborhood might be a light year away.	街坊可能离这里很近
113	And we have barely left the driveway.	我们几乎没离开车道
114	The obvious question	很明显的问题
115	is, why don't we just build something faster?	是,我们为什么不只是建造更快的东西?
116	The answer is one of the most stubborn facts in	答案是最顽固的事实之一
117	physics.	物理学
118	To go faster, you need to burn more fuel.	要加快速度,你需要燃烧更多的燃料。
119	But fuel has mass.	但燃料有质量。
120	And to carry more mass, you need	并且要携带更多的质量, 你需要
121	more fuel to lift that mass.	更多的燃料来提升质量。
122	And more fuel adds more mass, which requires even more fuel to move.	而更多的燃料会增加更多的质量,这需要更多的燃料才能移动.
123	This relationship grows exponentially, and it gets brutal very quickly.	这种关系呈指数增长,变得非常残忍。
124	To accelerate even a small	来加速一个小
125	spacecraft to 1% of the speed of light, which would still take over 400 years to reach the	宇宙飞船到1%的光速, 仍然需要400多年才能到达
126	nearest star, would require an amount of fuel that outweighs the spacecraft by a factor that	距离最近的恒星,需要超过航天器的燃料量乘以一个因素
127	makes the engineering essentially impossible with any conventional propulsion system we know how to	用我们知道的任何传统推进系统使工程基本无法进行
128	build.	建设。
129	And even if you solved the fuel problem, you face a second one.	即使你解决了燃料问题你也会面临第二个问题
130	Stopping.	停下来
131	You can't just	你不能就这样
132	coast to your destination.	海岸到你的目的地。
133	Arriving at a star system at 1% of the speed of light without slowing	以光速1%的速度到达恒星系统而不减速
134	down means you burn through the entire system in hours, unable to observe or stop or do anything	下来意味着你燃烧整个系统在几个小时, 无法观察或停止或做任何事情
135	useful.	实用。
136	Deceleration requires just as much fuel as acceleration.	减速需要和加速度一样多的燃料.
137	Every gram you burn getting there,	你烧到的每克
138	you have to match again to slow down.	你必须再次匹配以慢下来。
139	The engineers who dream about interstellar travel	梦想星际旅行的工程师
140	are not being naive.	并不是天真无邪
141	They know the numbers.	他们知道数字。
142	Concepts like laser sails, nuclear pulse propulsion,	激光帆、核脉冲推进等概念
143	and anti-matter drives exist because conventional rockets hit a wall that cannot be climbed.	和反物质驱动器的存在,因为常规火箭击中了无法攀登的墙。
144	And even the most optimistic of those concepts, with technology that doesn't yet exist,	即使是最乐观的这些概念, 技术还没有存在,
145	would reduce the journey to Proxima Centauri from 73,000 years to something closer to a few centuries.	将缩短去近西马半人马座的旅程从73000年到几世纪
146	A few centuries to the nearest star.	几世纪前的恒星
147	Voyager 1 turned its camera around and took one last	Voyager一号把摄像机转过来最后拍了一张
148	photograph of home.	回家的照片。。
149	Earth appeared as a pale blue dot, a fraction of a single pixel suspended in a	地球作为一个苍白的蓝点出现,一个像素悬浮的一小部分
150	sunbeam.	太阳束.
151	He said that every human who ever lived, every king and peasant, every mother and child,	他说,每一个曾经活着的人,每一个国王和农民,每一个母亲和孩子,
152	every inventor and explorer, every saint and sinner in the history of our species,	所有发明家和探险家人类历史上的每个圣人和罪人
153	lived out their lives on that mote of dust suspended in a sunbeam, and that our planet is	生活在太阳束中悬浮的尘埃中我们的星球
154	a lonely speck in the great, enveloping cosmic dark.	一个孤独的斑点笼罩着宇宙的黑暗
155	Voyager 1仍然在那里,现在,
156	covering about 900,000 miles every single day.	每天覆盖约90万英里。
157	And on November 18th of this year,	而今年11月18日,
158	it will become the first object we have ever made to be one light day from home.	它将成为我们从家到家的第一个光天化日。
159	After 49 years of	过了49年
160	travel, still inside what some definitions would call our cosmic neighborhood.	旅行,仍然在某些定义会称为我们的宇宙邻居。
161	The question that	问题
162	follows from all of this is not technical, it's philosophical.	从所有这一切都不是技术性的,这是哲学性的。
163	Are we going to stay?	我们要留下来吗?
164	Are we the	是我们
165	it?	是吗?
166	Or are we the kind that keeps throwing bottles into the ocean, knowing most will never be found?	或者我们是那种不停地把瓶子扔到海里的人, 知道大多数都永远找不到吗?
167	Because the act of reaching is itself, what makes us who we are?	因为达到它本身, 是什么使我们是谁?
168	We cannot cross a light year.	我们不能跨越光年。
169	Not	没有
170	yet.	还没有。
171	We keep trying to figure out how.	我们一直在想办法
172	And maybe that is the most human thing about us.	也许这就是我们最人类的东西。

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