智商测试骗了我们多少年？
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:00 | Most people think IQ tests are a straightforward measure of intelligence. | 大多数人认为智商测试是直截了当的智能度量. |
| 0:04 | You take a test, answer some questions, and get a number that supposedly defines how smart you are. | 你接受一个测试,回答一些问题, 并获得一个数字,应该 确定你有多聪明。 |
| 0:10 | But what if I told you that IQ tests are actually all wrong? | 如果我告诉你智商测试都错了呢? |
| 0:15 | That's right, they're about as reliable as using a ruler to measure how funny someone is. | 没错 他们和用尺子衡量某人有多有趣一样可靠 |
| 0:20 | Employers back in the day were so fed up with the time-consuming grind of getting to know potential hires | 当时的雇主 已经厌倦了 了解潜在的雇佣费 |
| 0:26 | that they decided to take a shortcut. | 他们决定走一条捷径。 |
| 0:28 | Someone thought, hey, what if we just throw a bunch of questions at people and hire whoever scores highest? | 有人想,嘿,如果我们只是 扔一堆问题的人 和雇用谁得分最高? |
| 0:35 | Genius, right? | 天才 对吧? |
| 0:36 | Enter the IQ test, the ultimate lazy hack for measuring intelligence. | 输入智商测试,是衡量智能的终极懒惰黑客. |
| 0:42 | The first major IQ test was developed by Alfred Binet in the early 1900s. | 第一次主要的智商测试是由阿尔弗雷德·比内特在1900年代初开发的. |
展开字幕全文（128 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Most people think IQ tests are a straightforward measure of intelligence. | 大多数人认为智商测试是直截了当的智能度量. |
| 2 | You take a test, answer some questions, and get a number that supposedly defines how smart you are. | 你接受一个测试,回答一些问题, 并获得一个数字,应该 确定你有多聪明。 |
| 3 | But what if I told you that IQ tests are actually all wrong? | 如果我告诉你智商测试都错了呢? |
| 4 | That's right, they're about as reliable as using a ruler to measure how funny someone is. | 没错 他们和用尺子衡量某人有多有趣一样可靠 |
| 5 | Employers back in the day were so fed up with the time-consuming grind of getting to know potential hires | 当时的雇主 已经厌倦了 了解潜在的雇佣费 |
| 6 | that they decided to take a shortcut. | 他们决定走一条捷径。 |
| 7 | Someone thought, hey, what if we just throw a bunch of questions at people and hire whoever scores highest? | 有人想,嘿,如果我们只是 扔一堆问题的人 和雇用谁得分最高? |
| 8 | Genius, right? | 天才 对吧? |
| 9 | Enter the IQ test, the ultimate lazy hack for measuring intelligence. | 输入智商测试,是衡量智能的终极懒惰黑客. |
| 10 | The first major IQ test was developed by Alfred Binet in the early 1900s. | 第一次主要的智商测试是由阿尔弗雷德·比内特在1900年代初开发的. |
| 11 | Binet wanted to help kids who needed extra support in school, but of course, things went off the rails. | Binet想帮助那些在学校需要额外支持的孩子, 但当然,事情失控了。 |
| 12 | Soon, everyone from military recruiters to college admissions officers was using IQ tests to sort people like socks. | 很快,从军队招募人员到大学招生人员 都利用智商测试 来整理袜子之类的人 |
| 13 | The smart ones go here, the not-so-smart ones over there. | 聪明的人到这儿去 聪明的人到那边去 |
| 14 | Simple, right? | 很简单吧? |
| 15 | The biggest issue is that IQ tests are heavily influenced by your background and education. | 最大的问题是智商测试受到你的背景和教育的很大影响. |
| 16 | Imagine Kid A living in a mansion with tutors, educational toys, and a home library | 想象一下,小A住在一个豪宅里 有家教、教育玩具和书房 |
| 17 | that would make Belle from Beauty and the Beast jealous. | 那会使美人和野兽的贝儿嫉妒 |
| 18 | Their parents, basically personal cheerleaders, shouting, you can do it every step of the way. | 他们的父母,基本上个人的啦啦队队长,大喊大叫,你可以做到每一步. |
| 19 | Now, Kid B, on the other hand, lives in a small apartment, works after school to support their family, | 而B小子则住在一间小公寓里 放学后要养家糊口 |
| 20 | and their school's idea of a library is a dusty shelf with a few outdated books. | 而他们的学校对图书馆的想法 是一个灰尘般的架子 有一些过时的书籍。 |
| 21 | Now, if both kids take the same IQ test, guess who scores higher? | 现在,如果两个孩子都接受同样的智商测试, 猜猜谁得分更高? |
| 22 | 惊喜,这是Kid A。 | |
| 23 | Does this mean Kid A is inherently smarter? | 这是否意味着A小子天生聪明? |
| 24 | Not really, it's like giving a head start in a race, and then claiming victory was based on skill alone. | 并非真的,这就像在比赛中给予领先的开始,然后声称胜利是仅仅基于技能. |
| 25 | Real-life examples? | 现实生活的例子? |
| 26 | Take William James Siddis, a child prodigy with an estimated IQ between 250 and 300. | 带着威廉·詹姆斯·西迪斯,一个儿童天才,估计智商在250到300之间. |
| 27 | He was fluent in multiple languages by age 6 and attended Harvard at 11. | 他在6岁时流利地掌握多种语言,11岁时就读于哈佛大学. |
| 28 | Despite his early promise, he lived a reclusive life, working menial jobs and avoiding public attention. | 尽管他很早就答应了,他还是过着隐居的生活,从事体力工作,避免公众的注意. |
| 29 | High IQ didn't guarantee success or happiness for him. | 高智商并没有为他保证成功或幸福. |
| 30 | It's like having the latest iPhone, but only using it to play Snake. | 这就像有最新的iPhone,但只用它来演奏Snake. |
| 31 | All those features, and you're stuck with a 90s game. | 所有这些特性,你被困在90年代的游戏。 |
| 32 | Now, let's flip the script. | 现在,让我们翻翻剧本。 |
| 33 | Consider Richard Branson, the founder of the Virgin Group. | 以圣母集团创始人理查德·布兰森为例. |
| 34 | Branson struggled with dyslexia, and did poorly on traditional IQ tests. | 布兰森挣扎于阅读障碍,在传统的智商测试上表现不佳. |
| 35 | Yet, he built a multi-billion dollar empire, and is known for his innovative and adventurous spirit. | 然而,他建立了一个数十亿美元的帝国,并以他的创新和冒险精神而闻名. |
| 36 | There was a psychologist who believed high IQ was the golden ticket to success. | 有一位心理学家认为高智商是成功金票. |
| 37 | In the early 20th century, he identified a group of children with exceptionally high IQs, calling them the Termites, and tracked their progress. | 在20世纪初,他发现了一群智商异常高的儿童,称他们为泰米特人,并跟踪他们的进展. |
| 38 | Terman was convinced these kids would become the world's leading scientists, artists, and leaders. | 泰曼相信这些孩子会成为世界领先的科学家,艺术家和领袖. |
| 39 | Spoiler alert, they didn't. | 破坏者警报,他们没有。 |
| 40 | While some achieved notable success, many led average lives. | 虽然有些人取得了显著的成功,但许多人过着平均的生活。 |
| 41 | None became the groundbreaking geniuses Terman envisioned. | 没有人成为特曼设想的开创性天才 |
| 42 | Some even faced significant personal and professional struggles. | 有些人甚至面临重大的个人和专业斗争。 |
| 43 | It's like expecting little puppies to all become police dogs. | 这就像期待小狗 成为警察狗。 |
| 44 | Some just want to chase their tails, and that's okay. | 有些人只想追尾巴,没关系 |
| 45 | IQ tests only measure a tiny slice of what we consider intelligence. | 智商测试只测量我们所认为的智能的一小部分。 |
| 46 | They focus on math, logic, language, and maybe a bit of spatial awareness. | 他们关注数学,逻辑,语言, 以及一些空间意识。 |
| 47 | It's like judging a fish by how well it can climb a tree. | 就像是用鱼爬树的能力来判断 |
| 48 | Sure, it might flop around and make it halfway, but it's not exactly designed for that, right? | 当然,它可能晃动 并让它半途而废, 但是它不是完全为这个设计的,对不对? |
| 49 | Your brain is a complex powerhouse with different parts handling different types of intelligence. | 你的大脑是一个复杂的电源 不同部分处理不同类型的智能。 |
| 50 | The prefrontal cortex is like the project manager, dealing with planning and decision making. | 前额皮层与项目经理一样,负责规划和决策. |
| 51 | The temporal lobes are your memory vaults and language processors. | 时间叶是您的记忆库和语言处理器. |
| 52 | The parietal lobes handle your spatial awareness. | 鹦鹉叶子处理你的空间意识 |
| 53 | Basically, they keep you from bumping into things. | 基本上,他们让你 避免碰上的东西。 |
| 54 | IQ tests mainly tap into these areas, like testing your ability to solve puzzles or do quick math. | 智商测试主要挖掘到这些区域,比如测试你解决谜题或快速数学的能力. |
| 55 | But what about emotional intelligence? | 但情绪智能呢? |
| 56 | That's your amygdala and prefrontal cortex working together, helping you understand your feelings. | 这就是你的阿米格达拉和前额皮层合作,帮助你理解你的感受. |
| 57 | And then there is creativity. | 还有创造力 |
| 58 | That's the right hemisphere, especially the frontal cortex, lighting up when you think outside the box. | 这就是正确的半球,尤其是前皮层, 当你在盒子外思考时会点亮。 |
| 59 | Practical problem-solving? | 实际解决问题? |
| 60 | IQ tests don't really check these areas. | 智商测试并不真正检查这些区域. |
| 61 | They miss the neural fireworks happening when you navigate social interactions, | 他们错过了在社交互动中发生的神经烟火, |
| 62 | come up with brilliant ideas, or fix that annoying leaky faucet. | 或者修补那个烦人的漏水龙头 |
| 63 | And let's talk about the cultural bias. | 让我们来谈谈文化偏见。 |
| 64 | IQ tests were developed in a specific cultural context, | 智商测试是在特定的文化背景下进行的, |
| 65 | with certain assumptions about what knowledge and skills are valuable. | 有一些关于什么知识和技能是有价值的假设。 |
| 66 | If you're from a different cultural background, you might not do as well. | 如果你来自不同的文化背景, 你可能不会是那么好。 |
| 67 | Not because you're less intelligent, but because the test isn't designed with you in mind. | 不是因为你不太聪明 而是因为测试不是在你的脑海里设计的 |
| 68 | It's like asking someone who's never seen snow to identify different types of snowflakes. | 如是问未见雪者辨别不同种类雪花. |
| 69 | They're not dumb, they just haven't had the same experiences. | 他们不笨,只是没有同样的经历。 |
| 70 | Let's dive deeper with an example. | 让我们用一个例子潜到更深处。 |
| 71 | Imagine an IQ test question that asks about a historical event like the American Revolution. | 想象一下,一个智商测试问题 问到美国革命这样的历史事件 |
| 72 | For someone who grew up in the U.S., this is a piece of cake. | 对于在美国长大的人来说,这是一件小事. |
| 73 | They've likely covered it multiple times in school, seen movies about it, | 他们可能在学校里多次报道 看过电影 |
| 74 | and maybe even dressed up as George Washington for a school play. | 可能甚至打扮成乔治·华盛顿 参加学校演出 |
| 75 | Now, consider someone who grew up in a different country, say Japan. | 想想在另一个国家长大的人 比如日本 |
| 76 | They might have learned a bit about the American Revolution in a world history class, | 他们可能在世界历史课上了解了一下美国革命 |
| 77 | but it's not ingrained in their education or culture. | 但他们的教育或文化中并没有得到重视。 |
| 78 | They might struggle with the question, not because they're less intelligent, | 他们可能会在这个问题上挣扎 而不是因为他们不太聪明 |
| 79 | but because the test assumes a level of familiarity with American history that they simply don't have. | 但因为测试假设了对美国历史的熟悉程度 他们根本就没有 |
| 80 | Or take a question about sports terminology. | 或问体育术语. |
| 81 | A kid from the U.S. might easily identify terms like touchdown or home run, | 从美国来的小孩可能很容易识别到 触地得分或全垒打 |
| 82 | because American football and baseball are ubiquitous. | 因为美国足球和棒球是无处不在的 |
| 83 | But a kid from India, where cricket and field hockey reign supreme, might find these terms baffling. | 但来自印度的一个孩子, 在那里板球和田径曲棍球占主导地位, 可能会发现这些术语令人困惑。 |
| 84 | It's not that they're less capable of understanding sports, | 不是说他们不太懂得运动 |
| 85 | but the test is biased towards certain cultural knowledge. | 但测试偏向于某些文化知识。 |
| 86 | Then there's the language aspect. | 然后是语言方面。 |
| 87 | IQ tests are often administered in a single language, usually English. | 智商测试往往使用单一语言,通常是英语. |
| 88 | If English isn't your first language, you're at a disadvantage right out of the gate. | 如果英语不是你的第一语言, 你处于劣势 从大门。 |
| 89 | Imagine a question that uses idiomatic expressions or slang. | 想象一下一个使用平庸的表达或语气的问题. |
| 90 | A native English speaker breezes through, | 一个英语母语的微风穿过, |
| 91 | while a non-native speaker might struggle to decipher the meaning, | 虽然一个非母语的演讲者可能 拼命破解意义, |
| 92 | even if they understand the individual words perfectly. | 即使他们完全理解这些词 |
| 93 | It's like asking someone to solve a puzzle with missing pieces. | 这就像要求某人用缺失的棋子解决一个谜题. |
| 94 | This cultural bias extends to even seemingly simple questions. | 这种文化偏见甚至延伸到似乎简单的问题。 |
| 95 | Take a math problem that involves converting feet to inches. | 采取一个数学问题,涉及把脚转换成英寸. |
| 96 | For someone from the U.S., where the imperial system is the norm, this is straightforward. | 对于一个以帝国制度为规范的美国人来说,这是直截了当的. |
| 97 | But for someone from most other countries, where the metric system is used, | 但对于大多数其他国家的某个人, 使用度量衡系统, |
| 98 | this requires an extra cognitive step. | 这需要额外的认知步骤。 |
| 99 | Again, it's not about intelligence, but familiarity with the measurement system. | 再说一遍,这不是关于智能,而是对测量系统的熟悉. |
| 100 | They recently conducted another study that will completely change the way you look at IQ tests. | 他们最近又进行了一项研究,将彻底改变你看待智商测试的方式. |
| 101 | Picture this. | 想象一下这个 |
| 102 | A study involving 100,000 people showed that no single test could capture all the complexities of human intelligence. | 一项涉及10万人的研究表明,没有一个单一的测试能够捕捉人类智能的所有复杂性. |
| 103 | Researchers used 12 different cognitive tests covering memory, reasoning, attention, and planning. | 研究人员使用12种不同的认知测试,涵盖记忆,推理,注意力,以及规划. |
| 104 | The results were eye-opening, revealing that factors like short-term memory, reasoning skills, lifestyle, | 结果是睁开眼睛 揭示了短期记忆 推理技巧 生活方式 |
| 105 | and even video game habits significantly influenced scores. | 甚至电子游戏习惯也大大影响了分数. |
| 106 | For instance, gamers outperformed others in short-term memory and reasoning tasks. | 例如,游戏者在短期内存和推理任务中表现优于他人. |
| 107 | So next time someone says you're wasting time playing League of Legends, | 所以下次有人说你在浪费时间 玩传奇联盟 |
| 108 | just tell them you're sharpening your cognitive skills. | 告诉他们你在磨练你的认知能力 |
| 109 | On the other hand, anxiety and smoking negatively affected performance. | 另一方面,焦虑和吸烟对表现产生了负面影响。 |
| 110 | It's also important to recognize that intelligence can change over time. | 同样重要的是要认识到,智能会随着时间而变化. |
| 111 | Just because you score a certain way on an IQ test at one point in your life | 就因为你一生中 一次智商测试得分 |
| 112 | doesn't mean you're stuck with that score forever. | 这不代表你永远坚持这个分数 |
| 113 | Learning new skills, gaining different experiences, and even changes in your environment | 学习新技能,获得不同的经验,甚至环境的变化 |
| 114 | can all affect your cognitive abilities. | 都会影响你的认知能力 |
| 115 | So why should we put so much weight on a test score that's just a snapshot in time? | 那么,为什么我们应该把这么多的重量 一个测试分数,这只是一个及时的快照? |
| 116 | There's also the issue of practical intelligence, sometimes referred to as street smarts. | 还有实用智能的问题,有时被称为街机智能. |
| 117 | This is the ability to solve everyday problems, make sound decisions, and adapt to different situations. | 这就是解决日常问题,作出健全决定,适应不同情况的能力. |
| 118 | Practical intelligence is what helps people succeed in real life, | 实用智能是帮助人们在现实生活中取得成功的 |
| 119 | whether it's managing a household or finding a job. | 无论是管理家庭还是找工作 |
| 120 | It's not measured by IQ tests, but it's incredibly important. | 它不是通过智商测试来测量的,但是它极为重要. |
| 121 | So the next time someone brags about their high IQ score, | 所以下次有人吹嘘他们的高智商分数 |
| 122 | just remember that it's only a small part of the picture. | 记住这只是画面的一小部分 |
| 123 | True intelligence is complex, multifaceted, and ever-changing. | 真正的智慧是复杂的,多方面的, 和不断变化的。 |
| 124 | It's about much more than a number on a test. | 在测试中它比数字要多得多。 |
| 125 | It's about how we interact with the world, solve problems, and connect with others. | 是关于我们如何与世界互动,如何解决问题,如何与他人联系. |
| 126 | And that's something no test can ever fully capture. | 这是无法完全捕捉到的东西 |
| 127 | If you kind of enjoyed this video, you don't want to miss what's coming next. | 如果你喜欢这段视频, 你不会想错过接下来的。 |
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