小小蜜蜂如何变身“制糖大师”
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:01 | Imagine uncovering a tomb in ancient Egypt, sealed away in the dark for over 3,000 years. | 想象一下在古埃及揭开一座墓穴,被封在黑暗中长达3000多年. |
| 0:08 | Inside, among the gold and priceless artifacts, archaeologists find a simple, unassuming jar. | 内部,在黄金和无价的文物中,考古学家发现了一个简单的,不假设的罐子. |
| 0:16 | When they open it, they find a thick, golden liquid that is completely, perfectly edible. | 当他们打开它时,他们发现一种厚的,金色的液体是完全,完全可食用的. |
| 0:23 | That liquid is honey. | 那个液体是蜂蜜。 |
| 0:25 | It is the only natural food on Earth that practically never spoils, | 这是地球上唯一没有破坏过的天然食物 |
| 0:30 | but how does a tiny insect create a substance that outlasts empires? | 但是一只小昆虫 如何产生一种 超过帝国的物质? |
| 0:36 | Welcome to Simple Things, Surprising Histories. | 欢迎来到简单的事情,令人惊讶的历史。 |
| 0:40 | Today, we're looking at a simple jar of honey sitting in your kitchen pantry | 今天,我们正看着一罐蜂蜜 坐在你的厨房储藏室里 |
| 0:44 | and uncovering the incredible, almost magical chemistry it took to get there. | 并发现了不可思议的, 几乎神奇的化学 它到达那里。 |
| 0:49 | The journey of honey doesn't actually begin with bees, it begins with flowers. | 蜂蜜的旅程实际上不是从蜜蜂开始,而是从花朵开始. |
展开字幕全文（54 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Imagine uncovering a tomb in ancient Egypt, sealed away in the dark for over 3,000 years. | 想象一下在古埃及揭开一座墓穴,被封在黑暗中长达3000多年. |
| 2 | Inside, among the gold and priceless artifacts, archaeologists find a simple, unassuming jar. | 内部,在黄金和无价的文物中,考古学家发现了一个简单的,不假设的罐子. |
| 3 | When they open it, they find a thick, golden liquid that is completely, perfectly edible. | 当他们打开它时,他们发现一种厚的,金色的液体是完全,完全可食用的. |
| 4 | That liquid is honey. | 那个液体是蜂蜜。 |
| 5 | It is the only natural food on Earth that practically never spoils, | 这是地球上唯一没有破坏过的天然食物 |
| 6 | but how does a tiny insect create a substance that outlasts empires? | 但是一只小昆虫 如何产生一种 超过帝国的物质? |
| 7 | Welcome to Simple Things, Surprising Histories. | 欢迎来到简单的事情,令人惊讶的历史。 |
| 8 | Today, we're looking at a simple jar of honey sitting in your kitchen pantry | 今天,我们正看着一罐蜂蜜 坐在你的厨房储藏室里 |
| 9 | and uncovering the incredible, almost magical chemistry it took to get there. | 并发现了不可思议的, 几乎神奇的化学 它到达那里。 |
| 10 | The journey of honey doesn't actually begin with bees, it begins with flowers. | 蜂蜜的旅程实际上不是从蜜蜂开始,而是从花朵开始. |
| 11 | To entice insects, flowers produce nectar, a sweet, watery liquid. | 为了诱捕昆虫,花朵会产生花蜜,一种甜美,水性液体. |
| 12 | This is where our hero, the female worker bee, comes in. | 这是我们的英雄 女工蜂进来的地方 |
| 13 | She is a forager. | 她是一个伪造者。 |
| 14 | Every single day, she visits up to 1,500 flowers. | 每一天,她都会参观多达1500朵花. |
| 15 | To make just one pound of honey, a colony needs to visit around 2 million flowers, | 要做一磅的蜂蜜, 一个殖民地需要参观 大约200万花, |
| 16 | flying a cumulative distance equal to orbiting the Earth three times. | 飞行的累积距离等于地球轨道飞行三次。 |
| 17 | When a forager lands on a bloom, she uses her long, tube-like tongue, | 当一个伪造者在开花地上降落时 她会用她长长的管状舌头 |
| 18 | called a proboscis, to suck up the nectar. | 来吸花蜜 |
| 19 | But she doesn't digest it. | 但她不会消化它。 |
| 20 | Instead, she stores it in a specialized internal pouch called a honey stomach. | 相反,她把它储存在一个叫做蜂蜜胃的专门的内部邮袋中. |
| 21 | This is where the true science begins. | 这是真正的科学开始的地方。 |
| 22 | Inside the bee's honey stomach, the nectar mixes with a special enzyme called invertase. | 在蜜蜂的蜂蜜胃内,花蜜与一种特殊的酶混合,称为倒置酶. |
| 23 | This enzyme immediately starts breaking down the complex sugars of the plant nectar | 这种酶立即开始分解植物花蜜的复杂糖类 |
| 24 | into simpler, more digestible sugars, glucose and fructose. | 变成更简单,更易消化的糖,葡萄糖和葡萄糖. |
| 25 | When her honey stomach is completely full, the forager flies back to the dark of the hive. | 当她的蜂蜜胃完全满时,伪造者会飞回蜂巢的黑暗中. |
| 26 | But she doesn't just spit the nectar into a honeycomb, | 但她不只是把花蜜吐进蜂窝里 |
| 27 | she passes it on to a younger processor bee, mouth to mouth. | 她把它传给一个年轻的处理器蜜蜂 嘴对嘴。 |
| 28 | The processor bee essentially chews the nectar for about half an hour, | 加工者蜜蜂基本上 咀嚼花蜜约半小时, |
| 29 | adding even more enzymes from her own glance. | 从她自己的眼神里添加了更多的酶. |
| 30 | This isn't just about making it sweeter. | 这不仅仅是要让它更甜。 |
| 31 | These enzymes create trace amounts of gluconic acid in hydrogen peroxide, | 这些酶在过氧化氢中产生痕量的葡萄糖酸, |
| 32 | turning the mixture into an acidic environment, highly hostile to bacteria. | 将混合物转化为酸性环境,对细菌具有强烈的敌意. |
| 33 | It's no longer nectar, but it isn't honey yet. | 它已经不是花蜜了,但它还没有蜂蜜。 |
| 34 | At this stage, the liquid is far too watery. | 在目前阶段,液体太过水. |
| 35 | If the bees left it as it is, the high moisture content would cause it to ferment and spoil. | 如果蜜蜂离开它原样,高水分含量会导致它发酵和破坏. |
| 36 | So the processor bees spread the watery syrup across the perfect hexagonal wax cells of the honeycomb, | 因此,处理器蜜蜂将水蜜糖浆 散布到蜂窝完美的六边形蜡细胞中, |
| 37 | then thousands of bees perform a coordinated miracle. | 然后,成千上万的蜜蜂 一个协调的奇迹。 |
| 38 | They stand over the cells and beat their wings at incredible speeds, | 他们站在细胞上 以惊人的速度击败翅膀 |
| 39 | creating a massive, continuous draft of warm air throughout the entire hive. | 形成整个蜂巢中 大量连续的温暖空气 |
| 40 | This constant fanning literally evaporates the water right out of the nectar. | 这种不断的扇形 使花蜜中的水蒸发 |
| 41 | The moisture level drops from around 80% down to less than 18%. | 水分水平从80%左右下降到18%以下. |
| 42 | Finally, the liquid becomes thick, sticky and immortal. | 最后,液体变得浓密,粘稠和不朽. |
| 43 | To protect their masterpiece, the bees seal the cell with a fresh, airtight layer of beeswax, | 为了保护他们的杰作 蜜蜂用一层新鲜的 防气的蜂蜡封住细胞 |
| 44 | locking it away for the harsh winter. | 在严寒的冬天把它锁起来 |
| 45 | The next time you stir a spoonful of honey into your morning tea or drizzle it over your breakfast, | 下次你再把一大勺蜂蜜搅进早茶里 或者在早餐上撒尿 |
| 46 | pause for just a moment. | 暂停一下 |
| 47 | You were looking at the life's work of dozens of bees. | 你看着几十只蜜蜂的一生工作 |
| 48 | In fact, a single worker bee will produce just one-twelfth of a teaspoon of honey in her entire lifetime. | 事实上,单只工蜂在一生中只会产生十二分之一的蜂蜜。 |
| 49 | Your single spoonful took thousands of miles of flight and millions of flowers to create. | 你的单勺子花了几千英里的飞行和数百万的鲜花来创造. |
| 50 | It is a true masterpiece of nature, chemistry and teamwork. | 这是自然、化学和团队合作的真正杰作。 |
| 51 | Thank you for exploring the surprising history behind the simple things with us today. | 感谢你们探索了今天与我们的简单事情背后令人惊讶的历史。 |
| 52 | If you enjoyed this journey, please hit that like button, share this video with a curious friend, | 如果你喜欢这趟旅程 请按下按钮 和一个好奇的朋友分享这段视频 |
| 53 | and subscribe to Simple Things Surprising Histories for more fascinating stories. | 并订阅简单的事情 惊奇的历史故事 更迷人的故事。 |
| 54 | See you next time! | 下次见! |
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