法里德观点：美国需要重建民主精英统治制度 | 2025.11
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:02 | But first, here's my take. | 但首先,这是我的主意。 |
| 0:04 | For some years now, the Democratic Party looked as if it could do nothing right. | 几年来,民主党似乎无能为力。 |
| 0:09 | It lost the presidency twice to Donald Trump, the Biden victory looking more like an interregnum | 拜登的胜利看起来更像是间断 |
| 0:15 | now. | 现在 |
| 0:16 | Once solid blue states turned red, its working class base eroded. | 一旦坚固的蓝色国家变成红色,它的工人阶级基础就受到侵蚀. |
| 0:20 | In 2024, even non-white voters drifted away. | 2024年,甚至非白人选民也纷纷漂移. |
| 0:24 | This week's elections mark a reprieve, and perhaps the start of a recovery. | 本周的选举标志着缓刑,或许是恢复的开始。 |
| 0:30 | But only if Democrats draw the right lessons. | 但只有民主党人吸取正确的教训. |
| 0:34 | The race that drew the most attention was Zoran Mamdani's, a stunning rise from near | 最引起人们注意的比赛是Zoran Mamdani的比赛,从近处的惊人上升 |
| 0:39 | obscurity just 10 months ago. | 10个月前就变得模糊不清了 |
展开字幕全文（90 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | But first, here's my take. | 但首先,这是我的主意。 |
| 2 | For some years now, the Democratic Party looked as if it could do nothing right. | 几年来,民主党似乎无能为力。 |
| 3 | It lost the presidency twice to Donald Trump, the Biden victory looking more like an interregnum | 拜登的胜利看起来更像是间断 |
| 4 | now. | 现在 |
| 5 | Once solid blue states turned red, its working class base eroded. | 一旦坚固的蓝色国家变成红色,它的工人阶级基础就受到侵蚀. |
| 6 | In 2024, even non-white voters drifted away. | 2024年,甚至非白人选民也纷纷漂移. |
| 7 | This week's elections mark a reprieve, and perhaps the start of a recovery. | 本周的选举标志着缓刑,或许是恢复的开始。 |
| 8 | But only if Democrats draw the right lessons. | 但只有民主党人吸取正确的教训. |
| 9 | The race that drew the most attention was Zoran Mamdani's, a stunning rise from near | 最引起人们注意的比赛是Zoran Mamdani的比赛,从近处的惊人上升 |
| 10 | obscurity just 10 months ago. | 10个月前就变得模糊不清了 |
| 11 | But Mamdani is a singular figure, unusually charismatic and politically deft. | 但马姆达尼是一个单一的人物,异常的魅力和政治性狡猾. |
| 12 | And New York City is unlike most of America. | 而纽约市与美国大部分地区不同. |
| 13 | He won with 50% of the vote. | 他以50%的选票获胜. |
| 14 | Bill de Blasio won his 2013 race with 73%. | 比尔·德·布拉西奥以73%的成绩赢得了他的2013年比赛. |
| 15 | The more telling bellwether was Virginia, a state with a popular outgoing Republican | 弗吉尼亚州是一个非常受欢迎的 即将离任的共和党人 |
| 16 | governor where Democrat Abigail Spanberger trounced her opponent by nearly 15 points. | 民主党人阿比盖尔·斯潘伯格以近15分击败对手的州长. |
| 17 | Mikey Sherrill did the same in New Jersey, winning the governor's mansion by 13. | 迈克·谢里尔在新泽西州也做了同样的事情,以13胜州长宅. |
| 18 | Both women ran as centrist Democrats focused on the economy and studiously avoided getting | 两位女性都以中间派民主党人的身份竞选, 专注于经济, |
| 19 | drawn into the culture wars. | 进入文化大战 |
| 20 | Even Mamdani, though clearly progressive, ran a campaign relentlessly centered on affordability. | 甚至马姆达尼,虽然明显是进步的,但一直以承受能力为中心开展一场运动. |
| 21 | There's an ongoing debate within the Democratic Party about whether to move left on economics | 民主党内部正在争论 是否在经济学上左倾 |
| 22 | or right on culture. | 或右对文化。 |
| 23 | That debate misses a deeper shift in American life. | 这场辩论错过了美国生活的更深刻转变。 |
| 24 | The largest chunk of voters still say the economy is their top concern, but they increasingly | 大部分选民仍然认为经济是他们最关心的问题, |
| 25 | view the economy through a partisan lens. | 通过党派视角看待经济。 |
| 26 | When their party is in power, they think the economy is strong. | 他们的党执政时,认为经济很强. |
| 27 | When the other side takes over, that same economy suddenly looks dire. | 当另一方接管, 同样的经济突然看起来很可怕。 |
| 28 | In effect, politics now shapes people's sense of economic reality, not the other way around. | 实际上,政治现在塑造了人们的经济现实感,而不是相反. |
| 29 | And people choose their political tribe using two markers the left has long struggled to | 人们用左翼的两个标记 选择自己的政治部落 |
| 30 | navigate, culture and class. | 导航 文化和阶级 |
| 31 | Across the democratic world, the pattern is familiar, as I outline in my book Age of Revolutions. | 正如我在《革命时代》一书中概述的那样,在整个民主世界,这种模式是熟悉的。 |
| 32 | The changes of recent decades, globalization, the digital revolution, mass migration, new | 近几十年来的变化、全球化、数字革命、大规模移徙、 |
| 33 | gender and identity norms, have produced a backlash that is primarily cultural. | 性别和身份规范产生了主要是文化性的反弹。 |
| 34 | It has appeared in countries that have boomed, like the U.S. and Poland, and in those that | 它出现在那些繁荣起来的国家,例如美国和波兰,以及那些繁荣起来的国家。 |
| 35 | have stagnated, like France and Italy. | 像法国和意大利一样 停滞不前 |
| 36 | It's arisen where inequality is high, as in America, and where it's low, as in Sweden | 在不平等程度高的地方出现 在美国和瑞典一样 |
| 37 | or the Netherlands. | 或荷兰。 |
| 38 | It's shaken economies that still make things, Germany, and those that rely on services, | 德国和那些依赖服务的国家 经济动荡不安 |
| 39 | like Britain. | 就像英国一样 |
| 40 | A 2023 Ipsos Global Trends survey showed that in many advanced democracies, large majorities | 2023年的Ipsos全球趋势调查显示,在许多先进民主国家,绝大多数国家 |
| 41 | think the world is changing too fast, including 75% in Germany and nearly 90% in South Korea. | 包括德国75%和韩国近90%。 |
| 42 | The right has learned to weaponize people's unease, offering a story that is emotionally | 权利学会了武器化 人们的不安, 提供了一个故事 情感上 |
| 43 | incoherent, even when factually thin. | 不连贯,即使事实上是瘦的。 |
| 44 | It promises a return to the world many people remember, if only the global elites are cast | 它保证了世界的回归,很多人记得,如果只有全球精英被铸造的话 |
| 45 | down. | 下来 |
| 46 | The left, by contrast, tends to counter emotion with information. | 相比之下,左派倾向于用信息对抗情绪. |
| 47 | But people do not want to be told that they are wrong to feel uneasy. | 但人们不想被告知,他们感到不安是错误的。 |
| 48 | They want leaders who acknowledge that unease and help them navigate it. | 他们希望领导人承认这种不安并帮助他们导航。 |
| 49 | If culture has been the first great shock to the modern left, class has been the second. | 如果文化一直是现代左派的第一大冲击,那么阶级就是第二大冲击. |
| 50 | The divide today is not between capitalists and workers, it's between those who flourish | 今天的鸿沟不是资本家和工人之间的鸿沟,而是繁荣者之间的鸿沟 |
| 51 | in a credential-driven economy and those who feel locked out of it. | 在一个信用驱动的经济 和那些觉得被锁在其中的人。 |
| 52 | The right has exploited that perception masterfully. | 这项权利已经成功地利用了这种观念。 |
| 53 | Trump's movement has never followed through on an anti-elitist economics. | 特朗普运动从未在反极端主义经济学上追随. |
| 54 | His cabinets have been packed with billionaires, but it has been ferociously anti-elitist in | 他的柜子里装满了亿万富翁 但却是强烈的反极端主义分子 |
| 55 | culture. | 文化 文化 文化 文化 文化 |
| 56 | His enemy is not the hedge funder, but the Harvard professor, not the CEO, but the columnist. | 他的敌人不是对冲基金人,而是哈佛教授,不是CEO,而是专栏作家. |
| 57 | The professors are the enemy, Nixon once quipped, and J.D. | 教授是敌人,尼克松曾经被抽打过,J. D. |
| 58 | Vance has repeated the line. | 万斯重复了这条线. |
| 59 | Trump turned it into a strategy, waging war on America's cultural institutions. | 特朗普将其转化为战略,对美国的文化机构发动战争. |
| 60 | This inversion, the rich as rebels, the educated as oppressors, has redrawn the map of American | 这种反演,富人如叛军,受教育者如压迫者,重新绘制了美国地图 |
| 61 | politics. | 政治问题。 |
| 62 | In 1996, Bill Clinton won voters without college degrees by 14 points. | 1996年,比尔·克林顿以14分赢得没有大学学位的选民. |
| 63 | By 2024, Kamala Harris lost that same block by 14 points. | 到了2024年,卡马拉·哈里斯以14分的比分输掉了同一块. |
| 64 | The answer is not to tear down the meritocratic elite. | 答案是不要瓦解精英精英 |
| 65 | The alternative is worse, an aristocracy of birth or the family and friends cabal surrounding | 更糟糕的是 出身贵族 或家人和朋友 |
| 66 | Donald Trump's White House. | 唐纳德·特朗普的白宫. |
| 67 | Better to rebuild a genuine democratic meritocracy, one that wields its advantages with humility | 最好重建一个真正的民主的精英政府 一个谦卑地发挥优势的人 |
| 68 | and a sense of stewardship. | 和一种指导感。 |
| 69 | That means expanding access to education and networks so that mobility is real while cultivating | 这意味着扩大获得教育和网络的机会,以便实现人员流动,同时培养劳动力。 |
| 70 | leaders who can see beyond their class and credentials. | 领导者可以超越他们的阶级和资格。 |
| 71 | Renewal and reconnection are possible. | 更新和重新连接是可能的。 |
| 72 | Denmark offers a model. | 丹麦提供了一个模式。 |
| 73 | Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen tightened immigration rules and demanded integration, | 总理梅特·弗雷德里克森(Mette Frederiksen)加紧移民规则,要求融入社会, |
| 74 | but those measures are paired with robust social investment. | 但是,这些措施与有力的社会投资相结合。 |
| 75 | Critics on the left called the Prime Minister's approach illiberal, but it worked. | 左翼的批评者称总理的方法是不自由的,但奏效了. |
| 76 | The Danish Social Democrats Coalition won a majority in 2022 and the party had its best | 丹麦社会民主党联盟在2022年赢得多数,该党拥有最好的 |
| 77 | performance in two decades. | 二十年来的表现。 |
| 78 | The lesson for Democrats is not to copy Denmark's laws, but to emulate its sensibility. | 民主党人的教训不是抄袭丹麦的法律,而是模仿其感性. |
| 79 | That means marrying the party's best instincts, compassion, inclusion, reform, with a tone | 这意味着要与党的最佳本能,同情,包容,改革,以基调结婚. |
| 80 | of steadiness and respect. | 准备与尊重。 |
| 81 | It means remembering that patriotism is not the property of the right, that liberalism | 这意味着要记住爱国主义不是权利的财产,就是自由主义 |
| 82 | too can speak the language of tradition. | 也会说传统语言 |
| 83 | In the 19th century, nationalism and liberalism rose together as revolts against imperial | 在19世纪,民族主义和自由主义一起兴起,作为反抗帝国主义的起义 |
| 84 | hierarchy and arbitrary rule. | 等级和任意规则。 |
| 85 | The task now is to reunite them, to make the national project a liberal project, rooted | 现在的任务是统一他们,使国家项目成为一个自由项目,扎根于 |
| 86 | in dignity, pluralism and fairness. | 尊严、多元化和公平。 |
| 87 | Right-wing populism is not destiny, it's nostalgia. | 右派民粹主义不是命运,而是怀旧. |
| 88 | Liberal democracy has been counted out many times before, only to prove itself remarkably | 自由民主曾经被计算过很多次,只是证明自己非常明显 |
| 89 | resilient, because in the end, it remains the best roadmap because it addresses the | 具有弹性,因为归根结底,它仍然是最好的路线图,因为它涉及 |
| 90 | most powerful yearnings of human beings – for betterment, progress and for freedom. | 人类最强烈的渴望 — — 改善、进步和自由。 |
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