法里德观点：川普政府发动的“大学战争” | 2025.3.1
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:01 | Here's my take. | 这是我的选择 |
| 0:03 | There is no area where America's global dominance is more total than higher education. | 没有任何地区美国在全球的主导地位比高等教育更全面. |
| 0:10 | With about 4% of the world's population and 25% of its GDP, America has 72% of the world's | 美国拥有约4%的世界人口和25%的国内生产总值,拥有72%的世界人口。 |
| 0:19 | 25 top universities by one ranking and 64% by another. | 25所大学排名最高,64%排名最高。 |
| 0:24 | But this crucial American competitive advantage is being undermined by the Trump administration's | 但这种关键的美国竞争优势正受到特朗普政府的破坏 |
| 0:31 | war on colleges. | 对大学的战争。 |
| 0:33 | Hat tip to the New York Times' Michelle Goldberg for raising this issue as well. | 帽子小费给纽约时报的 米歇尔·戈德伯格 也提出这个问题。 |
| 0:38 | Listen to what J.D. | 听甚么J. D. 师曰. |
| 0:39 | Vance said at the National Conservatism Conference in 2021. | 万斯在2021年全国保守党会议上表示. |
| 0:44 | We have to honestly and aggressively attack the universities in this country. | 我们必须诚实而积极地攻击这个国家的大学。 |
展开字幕全文（67 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Here's my take. | 这是我的选择 |
| 2 | There is no area where America's global dominance is more total than higher education. | 没有任何地区美国在全球的主导地位比高等教育更全面. |
| 3 | With about 4% of the world's population and 25% of its GDP, America has 72% of the world's | 美国拥有约4%的世界人口和25%的国内生产总值,拥有72%的世界人口。 |
| 4 | 25 top universities by one ranking and 64% by another. | 25所大学排名最高,64%排名最高。 |
| 5 | But this crucial American competitive advantage is being undermined by the Trump administration's | 但这种关键的美国竞争优势正受到特朗普政府的破坏 |
| 6 | war on colleges. | 对大学的战争。 |
| 7 | Hat tip to the New York Times' Michelle Goldberg for raising this issue as well. | 帽子小费给纽约时报的 米歇尔·戈德伯格 也提出这个问题。 |
| 8 | Listen to what J.D. | 听甚么J. D. 师曰. |
| 9 | Vance said at the National Conservatism Conference in 2021. | 万斯在2021年全国保守党会议上表示. |
| 10 | We have to honestly and aggressively attack the universities in this country. | 我们必须诚实而积极地攻击这个国家的大学。 |
| 11 | The professors are the enemy. | 教授为敌. |
| 12 | The administration has put those words into action. | 行政当局已把这些话付诸行动。 |
| 13 | The most dramatic assault has been financial, a freezing or massive reduction in research | 最戏剧性的攻击是财政、冻结或大量减少研究 |
| 14 | grants and loans from the federal government. | 联邦政府的赠款和贷款。 |
| 15 | Some of these efforts are under court review, but the cumulative impact could be billions | 其中一些努力正在接受法庭审查,但累积影响可能达数十亿 |
| 16 | of dollars in cuts to basic research, much of it disrupting ongoing projects and programs. | 削减了基础研究的美元, 大部分破坏正在进行的项目和方案。 |
| 17 | High quality research in the United States has emerged in a unique ecosystem. | 美国在独特的生态系统中出现了高质量的研究。 |
| 18 | The federal government provides much of the funding through high quality institutions | 联邦政府通过高质量的机构提供大部分资金 |
| 19 | like the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation and private | 国家卫生研究所、国家科学基金会和私人 |
| 20 | foundations and companies account for most of the rest. | 其余大部分是基金会和公司。 |
| 21 | Professors at universities, both public and private, use these funds to conduct the research. | 公立和私立大学的教授利用这些资金进行研究。 |
| 22 | No other country has a system that works as well. | 没有其他国家有同样有效的制度。 |
| 23 | 现在的危险是Holden Thorpe 主编科学呼吁 | |
| 24 | social contract that the federal government and institutions have had to enable the scientific | 联邦政府和各机构必须建立的社会契约 |
| 25 | research enterprise in America in the last 80 years. | 过去80年在美国的研究企业。 |
| 26 | Take a university like Duke, which ranked 11th in total grants received from the NIH | 上像杜克那样的大学 在NIH的赠款总额中排名第11位 |
| 27 | last year. | 去年的事了 说吧 |
| 28 | Of its $1.33 billion research budget, $863 million came from Washington, according to | 根据其13.3亿美元的研究预算,8.63亿美元来自华盛顿。 |
| 29 | AP。 。 。 。 | |
| 30 | That includes funds for critical research projects on cancer and other diseases, but | 其中包括用于癌症和其他疾病关键研究项目的资金,但 |
| 31 | also support for over 630 PhD students at the medical school. | 还支助医学院的630多名博士生。 |
| 32 | Those projects and students will have to be paid back substantially if the cuts go through. | 如果削减完成,这些项目和学生必须获得大量补偿。 |
| 33 | One crucial mechanism to cut funding is through a massive reduction in the overhead or indirect | 削减资金的一个重要机制是大幅度削减间接费用或间接开支。 |
| 34 | costs that universities get reimbursed for from the federal government. | 大学从联邦政府获得补偿的费用。 |
| 35 | Overhead often makes up up to 40 or 50 percent of a grant, but last month the NIH ordered | 间接费用经常占到赠款的40%或50%,但上个月NIH订购了 |
| 36 | that it had to be capped at 15 percent. | 它必须限制在15%。 |
| 37 | This sounds more rational than it is. | 这听起来比它更合理。 |
| 38 | Universities often divide their costs on science grants into research costs, the salaries of | 大学往往将其科学赠款费用分为研究费用、 |
| 39 | the professors and graduate students, and overhead, the costs of the buildings, labs, | 教授和研究生, 间接费用, 建筑物,实验室的费用, |
| 40 | energy and utilities and administrative staff. | 能源和公用事业及行政人员。 |
| 41 | When you are building a complex lab to conduct experiments, the structure and equipment is | 当你建造一个复杂的实验室进行实验时 结构和设备就是 |
| 42 | often more costly than the salaries and stipends of the researchers. | 通常比研究人员的工资和津贴更昂贵。 |
| 43 | Michigan State University has declared that these cuts could make it stop construction | 密歇根州立大学宣布这些削减 可能使其停止建设 |
| 44 | of a $330 million research building for cancer, cardiovascular disease and neuroscience studies. | 在3.3亿美元的研究大楼中,用于癌症、心血管疾病和神经科学研究。 |
| 45 | Government funding plays a unique role. | 政府供资发挥着独特的作用。 |
| 46 | It often supports basic research, the kind that companies have less incentive to do, | 它经常支持基础研究, 那种公司没有多少动力做, |
| 47 | and its results cannot be hoarded by any one company, but rather are provided free to the | 它的结果不能被任何一家公司囤积,而是免费提供给 |
| 48 | entire scientific and technological community so that all can use it to experiment and innovate. | 使所有人都能利用它进行实验和创新 |
| 49 | The mapping of the human genome, for example, cost less than $3 billion and took 13 years. | 例如,人类基因组的测绘费用不到30亿美元,用了13年。 |
| 50 | Because it was government funded, one of its key requirements was that the research should | 由于研究是由政府资助的,因此其主要要求之一是研究应当: |
| 51 | be made publicly available for all within 24 hours of being generated. | 在产生后24小时内向所有人公开。 |
| 52 | The other assault on the universities is a strange new attack on free speech. | 对大学的另一起攻击是对言论自由的陌生的新攻击。 |
| 53 | It began from a principled critique that bureaucracies, universities and elites | 开始于原则性批评 官僚、大学和精英 |
| 54 | had all become woke. | 都醒来了 |
| 55 | True. | 没错 |
| 56 | But the government's response to this problem has been Orwellian, | 但政府对此问题的反应是奥威尔 |
| 57 | searching through these institutions for any mentions of the word diversity or identity | 通过这些机构查找任何关于多样性或身份的提法 |
| 58 | or inclusion, and then shutting down those programs without any review. | 然后在没有任何审查的情况下关闭这些方案。 |
| 59 | Worse, it now punishes universities for having on their campuses people who might | 更糟糕的是,现在它惩罚大学 在他们的校园里 有可能会 |
| 60 | espouse certain views on topics like Israel and Palestine, and now is punishing the protesters | 现在却在惩罚抗议者。 |
| 61 | themselves. | 他们自己。 |
| 62 | Now, I have long argued that universities have a huge problem. | 现在,我长期以来一直认为,大学有一个巨大的问题。 |
| 63 | They have far too little intellectual and ideological diversity, which is the most | 他们的思想和思想多样性太少了,这是最 |
| 64 | important kind of diversity on a campus. | 校园里的重要多样性 |
| 65 | But the way you fix that is not to restrict radical left-wing speech, | 但你修补的方法不是限制激进的左翼言论 |
| 66 | but to add voices and views from other parts of the spectrum. | 但是要加入来自其他谱系的声音和观点. |
| 67 | The answer to censorship by the left is not censorship by the right. | 对左派审查的答案不是右派审查. |
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