【TED】AI会把我们都变成同一种人吗
共 3 集
剧集目录
| 集 | 标题 | 时长 |
|---|---|---|
| P1 | 【TED】AI会把我们都变成同一种人吗 中英字幕 | 13:37 |
| P2 | 【TED】AI会把我们都变成同一种人吗 英文字幕 | 13:37 |
| P3 | 【TED】AI会把我们都变成同一种人吗 无字幕 | 13:37 |
P1 · 【TED】AI会把我们都变成同一种人吗 p01 中英字幕 (P1)
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:04 | People worry about AI for all kinds of reasons. | 人们出于各种原因担心AI. |
| 0:08 | It's polarizing, it spreads misinformation, it's coming for our jobs. | 它两极分化,传播错误信息,它来做我们的工作。 |
| 0:12 | And those are all good reasons to be nervous. | 这些都是紧张的好理由。 |
| 0:15 | But what really keeps me up at night is something else. | 但真正让我晚上睡不着觉的是别的东西 |
| 0:18 | Something that feels more personal and perhaps even more concerning for the human experience itself. | 更关心人类的体验 |
| 0:24 | I worry that AI will make us boring. | 我担心AI会让我们无聊 |
| 0:27 | You, me, all of us. | 你,我,我们所有人。 |
| 0:30 | That's because the more we outsource our decisions to AI, the more we surrender something deeply human. | 这是因为我们越是把决定外包给AI,我们越是交出了深深的人类的东西. |
| 0:36 | Our capacity to explore, to take risks, to stumble into the unknown, and sometimes surprise even ourselves. | 我们探索的能力,冒险的能力, 偶然地进入未知的事物, 有时甚至对我们自己感到惊讶。 |
| 0:44 | I worry that without the potential for discovery, for serendipity, | 我担心没有发现的可能性, 对于自杀, |
展开字幕全文（161 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | People worry about AI for all kinds of reasons. | 人们出于各种原因担心AI. |
| 2 | It's polarizing, it spreads misinformation, it's coming for our jobs. | 它两极分化,传播错误信息,它来做我们的工作。 |
| 3 | And those are all good reasons to be nervous. | 这些都是紧张的好理由。 |
| 4 | But what really keeps me up at night is something else. | 但真正让我晚上睡不着觉的是别的东西 |
| 5 | Something that feels more personal and perhaps even more concerning for the human experience itself. | 更关心人类的体验 |
| 6 | I worry that AI will make us boring. | 我担心AI会让我们无聊 |
| 7 | You, me, all of us. | 你,我,我们所有人。 |
| 8 | That's because the more we outsource our decisions to AI, the more we surrender something deeply human. | 这是因为我们越是把决定外包给AI,我们越是交出了深深的人类的东西. |
| 9 | Our capacity to explore, to take risks, to stumble into the unknown, and sometimes surprise even ourselves. | 我们探索的能力,冒险的能力, 偶然地进入未知的事物, 有时甚至对我们自己感到惊讶。 |
| 10 | I worry that without the potential for discovery, for serendipity, | 我担心没有发现的可能性, 对于自杀, |
| 11 | we risk becoming more shallow and unidimensional versions of who we are and who we could be. | 我们冒着成为 更浅和单维版本 我们是谁,我们可以是谁。 |
| 12 | Not just as humans, as individuals, but as humanity. | 不仅是人类,还有个人 而是人类 |
| 13 | Now, let me make this idea a bit more concrete and take you somewhere perhaps unexpected, but also totally relatable. | 现在,让我把这个想法讲得更具体一点, 带你到一个可能出乎意料的地方, 但也完全令人高兴。 |
| 14 | Imagine walking into a Baskin Robbins. | 想象一下 走进巴斯金罗宾斯。 |
| 15 | What you'll see is an illustrious assortment of 31 different ice cream flavors. | 你会看到的是31种不同的冰淇淋口味 |
| 16 | There's chocolate chip, pistachio almond, lemon sorbet, and many more. | 有巧克力芯片,辣椒杏仁,柠檬糖,还有更多. |
| 17 | You're now facing a difficult choice. | 你现在面临着一个艰难的选择。 |
| 18 | Are you going to go with an old favorite, chocolate maybe? | 你会去一个古老的最爱,巧克力? |
| 19 | Or are you going to take a risk on something funky and new, like wild and reckless sherbet? | 还是你要去冒险 某种新奇怪异的东西, 像野生的和鲁莽的谢贝特? |
| 20 | And yes, it's a real flavor. | 是的,它是一个真正的味道。 |
| 21 | The choice you're facing is a classic human dilemma scientists call the exploitation-exploration trade-off. | 你面临的选择是典型的人类困境 科学家称之为剥削-探索权衡. |
| 22 | Are you going to play it safe and capitalize on what you know you like, | 你要安全地发挥它 并利用你所了解的 |
| 23 | or are you going to take a risk with the hope of finding something even better? | 或者你打算冒个险 希望能找到更好的东西? |
| 24 | And our lives are full of these trade-offs. | 我们的生活充满了这些权衡 |
| 25 | Stick with your favorite restaurant or try to fancy a new spot on the corner. | 坚持你最喜欢的餐厅 或者试着在拐角处找个新地方 |
| 26 | Keep your usual haircut or ask for something new and edgy. | 保持你平常的发型 或要求一些新的和紧张的东西。 |
| 27 | Stay in your stable job or finally try to become a pick-a-ball champion. | 留在你的稳定工作 或最终尝试成为一个挑球冠军。 |
| 28 | We all differ in our appetite for exploitation versus exploration, | 我们都对开发的胃口不尽相同 |
| 29 | but we're also all hardwired by evolution to strike a certain balance between the two. | 但是我们也都通过进化论 来保持两者的某种平衡 |
| 30 | Because for our ancestors on the African savanna, the trade-off was actually pretty simple. | 因为我们的祖先在非洲草原上, 权衡其实很简单。 |
| 31 | Stick too closely to what's safe, and you risk starvation when the grow ones dry. | 紧紧跟在安全的地方, 当种植者干燥时,你会面临饥饿的风险。 |
| 32 | Strafe too far into the unknown, and you might get poisoned or eaten by lions. | 你可能会被狮子毒死 |
| 33 | Luckily for you and me, the trade-offs we face today are far less about survival, | 幸运的是,你和我, 今天面对的权衡 远不如生存, |
| 34 | but our choices are still governed by this instinct to balance caution with curiosity. | 但我们的选择仍然受这种本能的支配 以谨慎和好奇相平衡 |
| 35 | If all you ever did in life was play it safe and exploit, you'd never get disappointed, | 如果你在生活中所做的一切 都是为了安全而剥削, 你永远不会失望, |
| 36 | but you'd also never get a chance to advance and grow. | 但你也永远没有机会进步成长 |
| 37 | If all you did instead was discover and explore, you'd collect endless experiences, | 如果你所做的只是发现和探索 你会收集无尽的经验 |
| 38 | but you'd also never get a chance to capitalize on your learnings. | 但你也永远不会有机会 利用你的学习。 |
| 39 | So it's really this balance between exploitation and exploration that fuels our growth. | 开发与勘探之间的这种平衡 促进了我们的增长。 |
| 40 | Not just as a species, but also as individuals. | 不仅作为一个物种,而且作为一个个体。 |
| 41 | But it's exactly where AI throws a wrench into the works. | 但正是AI将扳手扔进作品中的地方. |
| 42 | Because AI hates risk. | 因为AI讨厌冒险. |
| 43 | And that's not because of its algorithmic DNA. | 这不是因为它的算法DNA。 |
| 44 | It's because the systems we rely on to navigate our world, from Spotify to Netflix to chat GBT, | 因为我们依赖的系统 导航我们的世界, 从Spotify到Netflix 到聊天GBT, |
| 45 | are overwhelmingly trained to optimize for exploitation. | 绝大多数人接受过优化开发的培训。 |
| 46 | Or more specifically for short-term engagement and satisfaction. | 或者更具体地说,是短期参与和满足。 |
| 47 | Did you click the link, watch the video, like the song? | 你有没有点击链接,看视频, 像歌曲? |
| 48 | If yes, AI gets a clap on the shoulder. | 如果有的话,AI的肩膀会拍打。 |
| 49 | If no, gets a slap on the hand. | 若无,则手掌一掌. |
| 50 | Risk, discovery, and exploration are simply not part of their programming. | 风险、发现和探索根本不是它们编程的一部分。 |
| 51 | Think back to Baskin-Robbins. | 回想巴斯金 -罗宾斯。 |
| 52 | If 60% of people prefer the flavor pralines and cream, then that's what the AI is going to recommend. | 如果60%的人更喜欢这种口味的苦艾酒和奶油,那么AI会建议这样. |
| 53 | It's not that AI lacks imagination. | 并不是AI缺乏想象力. |
| 54 | It lacks incentive. | 它缺乏动力。 |
| 55 | Safe bets protect against disappointment, which in turn reduces customer churn. | 安全赌注可以防止失望,这反过来又减少了顾客的胆量. |
| 56 | So instead of taking this risky gamble that helps you explore, | 而不是冒险去探索 |
| 57 | companies tend to err on the side of exploitation when training their AI systems. | 公司在培训其人工智能系统时往往会犯开发方面的错误。 |
| 58 | And to be clear, there's nothing inherently wrong with that. | 说得很清楚,这没什么内在的错。 |
| 59 | I've spent the last 15 years as a computational social scientist | 我过去15年是计算社会科学家 |
| 60 | working at the intersection of psychology, computer science, and business. | 在心理学、计算机科学和企业的交叉点工作。 |
| 61 | And I know that rewarding AI in that way can be extremely valuable. | 我知道以这种方式奖励AI是极有价值的。 |
| 62 | Algorithms, in a way, only become so good at figuring out what you might enjoy | 算术,从某种意义上说, 只会变得很善于 找出你可能喜欢什么 |
| 63 | or currently be looking for because they focus on exploitation. | 或目前正在寻找,因为他们专注于剥削。 |
| 64 | And that's not just good for business. | 这不只是对生意有好处。 |
| 65 | It's also good and sometimes even necessary for us as consumers. | 这对我们消费者来说也是好的,有时甚至是必要的. |
| 66 | For me, the mere thought of having to choose between 31 different ice cream flavors makes me dizzy. | 对我来说,仅仅想到必须在31种不同的冰淇淋口味中做出选择,就让我头晕。 |
| 67 | And yet, most of the choices that we face day to day are far more complex than that. | 然而,我们每天面临的大多数选择都远比这复杂。 |
| 68 | Netflix, for example, has over 5,500 movies to choose from. | 例如Netflix有超过5500部电影可供选择. |
| 69 | Spotify,1亿多首歌曲. | |
| 70 | So the truth is that without a little help from our exploitation-loving AI friends, | 所以事实上没有我们那些爱剥削的AI朋友的帮助 |
| 71 | we simply don't stand a chance at navigating modern life. | 我们根本就没有机会去探索现代生活 |
| 72 | But I've also become increasingly concerned that this upside comes at a somewhat existential cost. | 但我也越来越担心 这颠倒 以某种生存成本。 |
| 73 | And to give you a first flavor of what I mean by that, let's go back to Baskin Robbins. | 让你尝尝我的意思 让我们回到巴斯金・罗宾斯 |
| 74 | Before coming here, I ran a simple experiment. | 在来这里之前,我做了一个简单的实验。 |
| 75 | I asked Chachi Petit to recommend one of their ice cream flavors. | 我让Chachi Petit推荐他们的冰淇淋口味 |
| 76 | I did that a hundred times each round pretending to be a new customer. | 我每轮都做了一百次 假装是新客户 |
| 77 | Ninety-six times, it recommended one of their two most popular flavors, | 96次,它推荐 他们两种最流行的口味之一, |
| 78 | Pralines和Cream和Mint巧克力片, | |
| 79 | which I realize, and I'm sure you'd agree, is not exactly a very diverse set of choices. | 我意识到,我敢肯定,你会同意, 并不是非常多样化的一组选择。 |
| 80 | And it could mean that we soon find ourselves in a world where Baskin Robbins offers only those two flavors. | 这可能意味着,我们很快发现自己 在一个世界上,巴斯金罗宾斯只提供这两种口味。 |
| 81 | If no one ever picks the other 29, why bother offering them in the first place? | 如果没人选过另外29个, 为什么一开始就要买? |
| 82 | Now, this might sound trivial and not really existential at all, | 现在,这听起来可能微不足道 并且根本不是存在的, |
| 83 | but that's only until you realize that this flattening of the human experience happens across every aspect of life. | 但直到你意识到 人类经历的这种平淡 发生在生命的每一个方面 |
| 84 | In studies with my collaborators and students, we've shown that when people use AI for guidance, | 在与我的合作者和学生的学习中,我们已经表明,当人们使用AI来指导, |
| 85 | their preferences become more normative and less diverse, | 他们的偏好变得更加规范化和多样化, |
| 86 | their creative output becomes less unique, | 他们的创意产出变得不那么独特, |
| 87 | and their choice of the most important scientists, athletes, and historical figures becomes the same as everyone else's. | 而他们选择最重要的科学家,运动员, 和历史人物 变得与其他人一样。 |
| 88 | So in a nutshell, AI turns this infinite diversity of human opinions, beliefs, and preferences into statistically safe sameness. | 简言之,AI将这种人类观点、信仰和喜好的无限多样性转化为统计上安全的相同性。 |
| 89 | And that's only part of the problem, because even when AI learns your quirks, | 而这只是问题的一部分, 因为即使AI学会了你的古怪, |
| 90 | 说,它发现你更喜欢Nutty椰子 比Pralines和Cream, | |
| 91 | it will still play it safe within your preferences, meaning it is going to optimize for what you are most likely to like. | 它仍然会安全地发挥它 在你的喜好, 意味着它将会优化 你最可能喜欢的东西。 |
| 92 | I went back to Chachipiti for a second experiment, and this time told it about my personal ice cream preferences. | 我回到查奇皮蒂进行第二次实验,这次讲述了我个人的冰淇淋喜好. |
| 93 | I said that during my last 100 visits, I picked Nutty Coconut 70% of the time. | 我说,在过去的100次访问中, 我选择了Nutty椰子70%的时间。 |
| 94 | The remaining 30% I split evenly among three of my other favorites. | 剩下的30% 我平分了其他三个最爱 |
| 95 | I then asked it to make the next 100 choices on my behalf. | 然后,我要求它代表我作出下100项选择。 |
| 96 | And guess what it did? | 你猜怎么着? |
| 97 | It picked Nutty Coconut every single time. | 它每次都选Nutty椰子. |
| 98 | Gone are my adventures into occasional chocolate fudge, cookie dough, or mango. | 我偶尔会去玩巧克力软糖 饼干或芒果 |
| 99 | All I am at that point is literally a Nutty Coconut. | 那时我所处位置的只是坚果椰子 |
| 100 | But forget about ice cream. | 但别提冰淇淋了 |
| 101 | My students and I have repeatedly shown the same patterns when studying people's actual preferences. | 我的学生和我在研究人们的实际偏好时,一再表现出同样的规律. |
| 102 | AI narrows your taste, it flattens your personality, and it scrubs away the edges that make you interesting and keep you dynamic. | AI缩小了你的品味,它使你的个性平平,它擦去让你有趣并保持活力的边缘. |
| 103 | And the insidious part of all of this is that the impact of AI on human complexity is subtle. | 而这一切的阴险部分是AI对人类复杂性的影响是微妙的. |
| 104 | You won't notice it happening overnight. | 你不会注意到一夜之间发生的 |
| 105 | Rather, it's a death by a thousand algorithmic recommendations. | 相反,它是一个死亡 通过一千个算法建议。 |
| 106 | It's one slightly safer movie, one slightly more popular book, one slightly more mainstream vacation at a time. | 这是一部略为安全的电影,一部稍受欢迎的书,一次稍受主流的放假. |
| 107 | With every decision you outsource to AI, you become more narrow. | 每一个决定你都外包给AI, 你变得更加狭窄。 |
| 108 | Then AI learns from that shallower version of you and narrows its recommendations even more. | 然后AI从你那浅薄的版本中吸取教训,并更加缩小其建议的范围. |
| 109 | The New York Times reporter Cashmere Hill captured this dilemma perfectly in one of her articles. | "纽约时报"记者卡什米尔·希尔(Cashmere Hill)在她的文章中完美地抓住了这一困境. |
| 110 | After outsourcing her decisions to AI for a week, she complained about its hidden agenda to turn her into a basic bitch. | 在将她的决定外包给AI一周后,她抱怨了将她变成贱货的隐藏议程. |
| 111 | And the funny part is it's the word basic here that's the biggest insult. | 有趣的是,这里的"基础"一词是最大的侮辱. |
| 112 | Because being basic means being unoriginal, unexceptional, and uninteresting. | 因为做基本意味着没有原创,没有例外,没有兴趣. |
| 113 | It's offensive not because it suggests failure, but because it implies mediocrity, an absence of complexity. | 这不因为它暗示失败,而是因为它暗示平庸,缺乏复杂性. |
| 114 | And who really wants that for themselves? | 谁真正想要自己? |
| 115 | Nobody. | 没人 |
| 116 | We all like the feeling of being unique, of being special, of being someone who doesn't easily fit into a box. | 我们都喜欢独特的感觉, 特别的, 做一个不容易融入盒子的人。 |
| 117 | I, for one, don't want to become exactly like everybody else. | 就我而言,我不想变成和其他人一样 |
| 118 | And I also don't want to become a singular version of myself. | 我也不想成为我自己的单一版本。 |
| 119 | So what can we do to course correct and avoid destination basic bitch? | 那么,我们能做什么 正确的方向 并避免目的地的基本婊子? |
| 120 | We can't hit the reset button on AI and we shouldn't. | 我们不能在AI上按下重设按钮 我们不应该 |
| 121 | As I said before, these tools are incredibly valuable for navigating modern life and they make us better off in many ways. | 正如我以前说过的,这些工具对于导航现代生活来说是极其宝贵的,它们在许多方面使我们生活更美好。 |
| 122 | But we need to reclaim our ability to take risks and discover. | 但我们需要恢复我们承担风险和发现的能力。 |
| 123 | We need to find a way to rebalance exploitation and exploration. | 我们需要找到重新平衡开采和勘探的方法。 |
| 124 | And ironically, AI could actually help us accomplish just that. | 讽刺的是,AI能帮助我们实现这一点。 |
| 125 | But only if we ask it the right questions and reward it for the right actions. | 但只有我们问它正确的问题,并奖励它正确的行动. |
| 126 | So instead of asking it to help us find something we like, we could start asking it to help us find something new. | 因此,我们不要求它来帮助我们找到我们喜欢的东西, 我们可以开始要求它来帮助我们找到新的东西。 |
| 127 | Something we're likely to love, even though we've never tried it before. | 我们很可能会爱的东西 尽管我们从来没有试过 |
| 128 | And by that, I don't necessarily mean you typing that question into chat GBT yourself, although you should certainly try. | 这么说,我不一定是指你把问题输入到 GBT 中,尽管你当然应该试试。 |
| 129 | What I mean is getting companies to harness AI superpower, its ability to detect patterns and vast amounts of human data for exploration purposes. | 我的意思是让公司利用AI的超能力, 探测规律的能力 和大量用于探索的人类数据。 |
| 130 | Because AI has seen the entire universe of preferences, it knows not only what you currently like, but also what lies just beyond the boundaries of your typical preferences. | 因为AI已经看到了整个偏好宇宙,它不仅知道您目前喜欢什么,而且知道您典型偏好的范围之外的东西. |
| 131 | Which means that it can help you explore smartly to take curated risks when you want to. | 也就是说,它可以帮助你明智地探索,在你想时承担管理风险. |
| 132 | Now, here's what this could look like. | 现在,这里可以看起来像什么。 |
| 133 | Imagine a dial on your Netflix account or your Google search bar that lets you decide how far from your typical preferences you want to stray at any given point in time. | 想象一下,你的Netflix账户或你的Google搜索栏上的拨号可以让你决定你想要在任何特定时间偏离的典型偏好有多远. |
| 134 | On a regular day, you probably keep the dial close to the spot on setting because you want to get the most relevant hits right away. | 在正常的一天,你可能把拨号 靠近位置的设定, 因为你想得到最相关的点击立即。 |
| 135 | But then on other days, you might feel adventurous enough to push it a little closer to the me with a twist setting and ask for content that's a little outside of your comfort zone, but still relevant. | 但在其他的日子,你可能觉得冒险 足够把它推近一点 用曲折的设定, 并要求内容 有点超出你的舒适范围,但仍相关。 |
| 136 | And then on other days, for those rare moments when you feel like you're really ready to take on the world, you might push the dial all the way to the wild card setting. | 然后在其他的日子, 在那些难得的时刻, 当你觉得自己真的准备好接受世界的时候, 你可能会把拨号一直推到野生的卡片设定。 |
| 137 | And asked it to help you discover something entirely new. | 并且要求它帮助你发现一些全新的东西。 |
| 138 | I, for one, would love to have such a dial. | 我愿意有一个这样的拨号。 |
| 139 | It doesn't force me to leave my comfort zone. | 它不强迫我离开我的舒适地带。 |
| 140 | I can always leave it on the spot on setting and benefit from the convenience that comes with it. | 我随时可以把它留在现场,放在设定上,并从随之而来的方便中获益。 |
| 141 | But it gives me the choice and the agency to break out of my little bubble, whatever I want to, or I feel like I have to. | 但是它给了我选择和代理 打破我的小泡沫, 无论我想要什么, 或者我觉得我不得不。 |
| 142 | But here's the catch. | 但这里的捕捉。 |
| 143 | For AI to toggle its superpower between exploitation and exploration, we need to incentivize it to do so. | 为了使AI在开发与探索之间摆脱其超能力,我们需要激励它这样做。 |
| 144 | Merely asking it to be more creative or help you become more adventurous isn't going to do the trick. | 仅仅要求它更有创造力或帮助你变得更冒险是行不通的。 |
| 145 | In most cases, it will still default to the tried and tested output because it craves that clap on the shoulder. | 在大多数情况下,它仍然会默认到经过尝试和测试的输出,因为它渴望拍拍在肩膀上. |
| 146 | So instead of punishing AI every time it takes a swing and misses, we need to start rewarding it for taking smart swings. | 因此,我们不是每次需要秋千和失手的时候就惩罚AI,而是需要开始奖励它采取聪明的秋千. |
| 147 | For making bets that are a little bold, a little unusual perhaps, but still grounded in what it knows about us. | 做一些有点大胆,有点不寻常的赌注, 但还是基于它对我们的了解。 |
| 148 | AI doesn't have to throw darts in the dark. | AI不必在黑暗中扔飞镖. |
| 149 | It can take informed risks. | 它可以承担知情风险。 |
| 150 | It can help us optimize our exploration. | 它可以帮助我们优化我们的探索。 |
| 151 | And when it does, we should treat it as a success, not a failure. | 当它发生的时候,我们应该把它视为成功而不是失败。 |
| 152 | Now, this isn't about desserts or playlists. | 现在,这不是甜点或播放列表。 |
| 153 | This is about preserving what makes us uniquely, messily, and gloriously human. | 这是关于保存是什么使我们 独特、混乱和光荣的人类。 |
| 154 | It's your random passion for ET memorabilia, your weird detour into geocaching, or your stubborn preference for a stick shift car. | 这是你对ET记忆的随机激情, 你怪异的绕道进入地理轨道, 或者你固执地喜欢一辆棒式转向车。 |
| 155 | It's about all the contradictions that AI can't quite explain, and the beauty of us being just a little weird once in a while. | 这是关于所有矛盾的,AI无法完全解释,我们的美丽只是偶尔有点怪异. |
| 156 | And if we believe that human complexity is worth preserving, then the time to act is now. | 如果我们相信人类的复杂性值得保护,那么现在就行动起来。 |
| 157 | Because we're at this inflection point where AI is no longer just recommending, but starting to act on our behalf. | 因为我们正处在 AI不再只是建议, 而是开始代表我们行动。 |
| 158 | It's choosing, not suggesting. | 是选择,不是暗示 |
| 159 | And that's where the stakes become really existential. | 这才是赌注真正存在的地方。 |
| 160 | So next time AI offers you pralines and cream, maybe say no, and ask it to help you go wild and reckless instead. | 所以下次人工智能会给你提供 棱柱和奶油, 也许说不, 并且要求它帮助你 疯狂和鲁莽。 |
| 161 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
该视频共有字幕 161 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格
P2 · 【TED】AI会把我们都变成同一种人吗 p02 英文字幕 (P2)
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:04 | People worry about AI for all kinds of reasons. | 人们出于各种原因担心AI. |
| 0:08 | It's polarizing, it spreads misinformation, it's coming for our jobs. | 它两极分化,传播错误信息,它来做我们的工作。 |
| 0:12 | And those are all good reasons to be nervous. | 这些都是紧张的好理由。 |
| 0:15 | But what really keeps me up at night is something else. | 但真正让我晚上睡不着觉的是别的东西 |
| 0:18 | Something that feels more personal and perhaps even more concerning for the human experience itself. | 更关心人类的体验 |
| 0:24 | I worry that AI will make us boring. | 我担心AI会让我们无聊 |
| 0:27 | You, me, all of us. | 你,我,我们所有人。 |
| 0:30 | That's because the more we outsource our decisions to AI, the more we surrender something deeply human. | 这是因为我们越是把决定外包给AI,我们越是交出了深深的人类的东西. |
| 0:36 | Our capacity to explore, to take risks, to stumble into the unknown, and sometimes surprise even ourselves. | 我们探索的能力,冒险的能力, 偶然地进入未知的事物, 有时甚至对我们自己感到惊讶。 |
| 0:44 | I worry that without the potential for discovery, for serendipity, | 我担心没有发现的可能性, 对于自杀, |
展开字幕全文（161 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | People worry about AI for all kinds of reasons. | 人们出于各种原因担心AI. |
| 2 | It's polarizing, it spreads misinformation, it's coming for our jobs. | 它两极分化,传播错误信息,它来做我们的工作。 |
| 3 | And those are all good reasons to be nervous. | 这些都是紧张的好理由。 |
| 4 | But what really keeps me up at night is something else. | 但真正让我晚上睡不着觉的是别的东西 |
| 5 | Something that feels more personal and perhaps even more concerning for the human experience itself. | 更关心人类的体验 |
| 6 | I worry that AI will make us boring. | 我担心AI会让我们无聊 |
| 7 | You, me, all of us. | 你,我,我们所有人。 |
| 8 | That's because the more we outsource our decisions to AI, the more we surrender something deeply human. | 这是因为我们越是把决定外包给AI,我们越是交出了深深的人类的东西. |
| 9 | Our capacity to explore, to take risks, to stumble into the unknown, and sometimes surprise even ourselves. | 我们探索的能力,冒险的能力, 偶然地进入未知的事物, 有时甚至对我们自己感到惊讶。 |
| 10 | I worry that without the potential for discovery, for serendipity, | 我担心没有发现的可能性, 对于自杀, |
| 11 | we risk becoming more shallow and unidimensional versions of who we are and who we could be. | 我们冒着成为 更浅和单维版本 我们是谁,我们可以是谁。 |
| 12 | Not just as humans, as individuals, but as humanity. | 不仅是人类,还有个人 而是人类 |
| 13 | Now, let me make this idea a bit more concrete and take you somewhere perhaps unexpected, but also totally relatable. | 现在,让我把这个想法讲得更具体一点, 带你到一个可能出乎意料的地方, 但也完全令人高兴。 |
| 14 | Imagine walking into a Baskin Robbins. | 想象一下 走进巴斯金罗宾斯。 |
| 15 | What you'll see is an illustrious assortment of 31 different ice cream flavors. | 你会看到的是31种不同的冰淇淋口味 |
| 16 | There's chocolate chip, pistachio almond, lemon sorbet, and many more. | 有巧克力芯片,辣椒杏仁,柠檬糖,还有更多. |
| 17 | You're now facing a difficult choice. | 你现在面临着一个艰难的选择。 |
| 18 | Are you going to go with an old favorite, chocolate maybe? | 你会去一个古老的最爱,巧克力? |
| 19 | Or are you going to take a risk on something funky and new, like wild and reckless sherbet? | 还是你要去冒险 某种新奇怪异的东西, 像野生的和鲁莽的谢贝特? |
| 20 | And yes, it's a real flavor. | 是的,它是一个真正的味道。 |
| 21 | The choice you're facing is a classic human dilemma scientists call the exploitation-exploration trade-off. | 你面临的选择是典型的人类困境 科学家称之为剥削-探索权衡. |
| 22 | Are you going to play it safe and capitalize on what you know you like, | 你要安全地发挥它 并利用你所了解的 |
| 23 | or are you going to take a risk with the hope of finding something even better? | 或者你打算冒个险 希望能找到更好的东西? |
| 24 | And our lives are full of these trade-offs. | 我们的生活充满了这些权衡 |
| 25 | Stick with your favorite restaurant or try to fancy a new spot on the corner. | 坚持你最喜欢的餐厅 或者试着在拐角处找个新地方 |
| 26 | Keep your usual haircut or ask for something new and edgy. | 保持你平常的发型 或要求一些新的和紧张的东西。 |
| 27 | Stay in your stable job or finally try to become a pick-a-ball champion. | 留在你的稳定工作 或最终尝试成为一个挑球冠军。 |
| 28 | We all differ in our appetite for exploitation versus exploration, | 我们都对开发的胃口不尽相同 |
| 29 | but we're also all hardwired by evolution to strike a certain balance between the two. | 但是我们也都通过进化论 来保持两者的某种平衡 |
| 30 | Because for our ancestors on the African savanna, the trade-off was actually pretty simple. | 因为我们的祖先在非洲草原上, 权衡其实很简单。 |
| 31 | Stick too closely to what's safe, and you risk starvation when the grow ones dry. | 紧紧跟在安全的地方, 当种植者干燥时,你会面临饥饿的风险。 |
| 32 | Strafe too far into the unknown, and you might get poisoned or eaten by lions. | 你可能会被狮子毒死 |
| 33 | Luckily for you and me, the trade-offs we face today are far less about survival, | 幸运的是,你和我, 今天面对的权衡 远不如生存, |
| 34 | but our choices are still governed by this instinct to balance caution with curiosity. | 但我们的选择仍然受这种本能的支配 以谨慎和好奇相平衡 |
| 35 | If all you ever did in life was play it safe and exploit, you'd never get disappointed, | 如果你在生活中所做的一切 都是为了安全而剥削, 你永远不会失望, |
| 36 | but you'd also never get a chance to advance and grow. | 但你也永远没有机会进步成长 |
| 37 | If all you did instead was discover and explore, you'd collect endless experiences, | 如果你所做的只是发现和探索 你会收集无尽的经验 |
| 38 | but you'd also never get a chance to capitalize on your learnings. | 但你也永远不会有机会 利用你的学习。 |
| 39 | So it's really this balance between exploitation and exploration that fuels our growth. | 开发与勘探之间的这种平衡 促进了我们的增长。 |
| 40 | Not just as a species, but also as individuals. | 不仅作为一个物种,而且作为一个个体。 |
| 41 | But it's exactly where AI throws a wrench into the works. | 但正是AI将扳手扔进作品中的地方. |
| 42 | Because AI hates risk. | 因为AI讨厌冒险. |
| 43 | And that's not because of its algorithmic DNA. | 这不是因为它的算法DNA。 |
| 44 | It's because the systems we rely on to navigate our world, from Spotify to Netflix to chat GBT, | 因为我们依赖的系统 导航我们的世界, 从Spotify到Netflix 到聊天GBT, |
| 45 | are overwhelmingly trained to optimize for exploitation. | 绝大多数人接受过优化开发的培训。 |
| 46 | Or more specifically for short-term engagement and satisfaction. | 或者更具体地说,是短期参与和满足。 |
| 47 | Did you click the link, watch the video, like the song? | 你有没有点击链接,看视频, 像歌曲? |
| 48 | If yes, AI gets a clap on the shoulder. | 如果有的话,AI的肩膀会拍打。 |
| 49 | If no, gets a slap on the hand. | 若无,则手掌一掌. |
| 50 | Risk, discovery, and exploration are simply not part of their programming. | 风险、发现和探索根本不是它们编程的一部分。 |
| 51 | Think back to Baskin-Robbins. | 回想巴斯金 -罗宾斯。 |
| 52 | If 60% of people prefer the flavor pralines and cream, then that's what the AI is going to recommend. | 如果60%的人更喜欢这种口味的苦艾酒和奶油,那么AI会建议这样. |
| 53 | It's not that AI lacks imagination. | 并不是AI缺乏想象力. |
| 54 | It lacks incentive. | 它缺乏动力。 |
| 55 | Safe bets protect against disappointment, which in turn reduces customer churn. | 安全赌注可以防止失望,这反过来又减少了顾客的胆量. |
| 56 | So instead of taking this risky gamble that helps you explore, | 而不是冒险去探索 |
| 57 | companies tend to err on the side of exploitation when training their AI systems. | 公司在培训其人工智能系统时往往会犯开发方面的错误。 |
| 58 | And to be clear, there's nothing inherently wrong with that. | 说得很清楚,这没什么内在的错。 |
| 59 | I've spent the last 15 years as a computational social scientist | 我过去15年是计算社会科学家 |
| 60 | working at the intersection of psychology, computer science, and business. | 在心理学、计算机科学和企业的交叉点工作。 |
| 61 | And I know that rewarding AI in that way can be extremely valuable. | 我知道以这种方式奖励AI是极有价值的。 |
| 62 | Algorithms, in a way, only become so good at figuring out what you might enjoy | 算术,从某种意义上说, 只会变得很善于 找出你可能喜欢什么 |
| 63 | or currently be looking for because they focus on exploitation. | 或目前正在寻找,因为他们专注于剥削。 |
| 64 | And that's not just good for business. | 这不只是对生意有好处。 |
| 65 | It's also good and sometimes even necessary for us as consumers. | 这对我们消费者来说也是好的,有时甚至是必要的. |
| 66 | For me, the mere thought of having to choose between 31 different ice cream flavors makes me dizzy. | 对我来说,仅仅想到必须在31种不同的冰淇淋口味中做出选择,就让我头晕。 |
| 67 | And yet, most of the choices that we face day to day are far more complex than that. | 然而,我们每天面临的大多数选择都远比这复杂。 |
| 68 | Netflix, for example, has over 5,500 movies to choose from. | 例如Netflix有超过5500部电影可供选择. |
| 69 | Spotify,1亿多首歌曲. | |
| 70 | So the truth is that without a little help from our exploitation-loving AI friends, | 所以事实上没有我们那些爱剥削的AI朋友的帮助 |
| 71 | we simply don't stand a chance at navigating modern life. | 我们根本就没有机会去探索现代生活 |
| 72 | But I've also become increasingly concerned that this upside comes at a somewhat existential cost. | 但我也越来越担心 这颠倒 以某种生存成本。 |
| 73 | And to give you a first flavor of what I mean by that, let's go back to Baskin Robbins. | 让你尝尝我的意思 让我们回到巴斯金・罗宾斯 |
| 74 | Before coming here, I ran a simple experiment. | 在来这里之前,我做了一个简单的实验。 |
| 75 | I asked Chachi Petit to recommend one of their ice cream flavors. | 我让Chachi Petit推荐他们的冰淇淋口味 |
| 76 | I did that a hundred times each round pretending to be a new customer. | 我每轮都做了一百次 假装是新客户 |
| 77 | Ninety-six times, it recommended one of their two most popular flavors, | 96次,它推荐 他们两种最流行的口味之一, |
| 78 | Pralines和Cream和Mint巧克力片, | |
| 79 | which I realize, and I'm sure you'd agree, is not exactly a very diverse set of choices. | 我意识到,我敢肯定,你会同意, 并不是非常多样化的一组选择。 |
| 80 | And it could mean that we soon find ourselves in a world where Baskin Robbins offers only those two flavors. | 这可能意味着,我们很快发现自己 在一个世界上,巴斯金罗宾斯只提供这两种口味。 |
| 81 | If no one ever picks the other 29, why bother offering them in the first place? | 如果没人选过另外29个, 为什么一开始就要买? |
| 82 | Now, this might sound trivial and not really existential at all, | 现在,这听起来可能微不足道 并且根本不是存在的, |
| 83 | but that's only until you realize that this flattening of the human experience happens across every aspect of life. | 但直到你意识到 人类经历的这种平淡 发生在生命的每一个方面 |
| 84 | In studies with my collaborators and students, we've shown that when people use AI for guidance, | 在与我的合作者和学生的学习中,我们已经表明,当人们使用AI来指导, |
| 85 | their preferences become more normative and less diverse, | 他们的偏好变得更加规范化和多样化, |
| 86 | their creative output becomes less unique, | 他们的创意产出变得不那么独特, |
| 87 | and their choice of the most important scientists, athletes, and historical figures becomes the same as everyone else's. | 而他们选择最重要的科学家,运动员, 和历史人物 变得与其他人一样。 |
| 88 | So in a nutshell, AI turns this infinite diversity of human opinions, beliefs, and preferences into statistically safe sameness. | 简言之,AI将这种人类观点、信仰和喜好的无限多样性转化为统计上安全的相同性。 |
| 89 | And that's only part of the problem, because even when AI learns your quirks, | 而这只是问题的一部分, 因为即使AI学会了你的古怪, |
| 90 | 说,它发现你更喜欢Nutty椰子 比Pralines和Cream, | |
| 91 | it will still play it safe within your preferences, meaning it is going to optimize for what you are most likely to like. | 它仍然会安全地发挥它 在你的喜好, 意味着它将会优化 你最可能喜欢的东西。 |
| 92 | I went back to Chachipiti for a second experiment, and this time told it about my personal ice cream preferences. | 我回到查奇皮蒂进行第二次实验,这次讲述了我个人的冰淇淋喜好. |
| 93 | I said that during my last 100 visits, I picked Nutty Coconut 70% of the time. | 我说,在过去的100次访问中, 我选择了Nutty椰子70%的时间。 |
| 94 | The remaining 30% I split evenly among three of my other favorites. | 剩下的30% 我平分了其他三个最爱 |
| 95 | I then asked it to make the next 100 choices on my behalf. | 然后,我要求它代表我作出下100项选择。 |
| 96 | And guess what it did? | 你猜怎么着? |
| 97 | It picked Nutty Coconut every single time. | 它每次都选Nutty椰子. |
| 98 | Gone are my adventures into occasional chocolate fudge, cookie dough, or mango. | 我偶尔会去玩巧克力软糖 饼干或芒果 |
| 99 | All I am at that point is literally a Nutty Coconut. | 那时我所处位置的只是坚果椰子 |
| 100 | But forget about ice cream. | 但别提冰淇淋了 |
| 101 | My students and I have repeatedly shown the same patterns when studying people's actual preferences. | 我的学生和我在研究人们的实际偏好时,一再表现出同样的规律. |
| 102 | AI narrows your taste, it flattens your personality, and it scrubs away the edges that make you interesting and keep you dynamic. | AI缩小了你的品味,它使你的个性平平,它擦去让你有趣并保持活力的边缘. |
| 103 | And the insidious part of all of this is that the impact of AI on human complexity is subtle. | 而这一切的阴险部分是AI对人类复杂性的影响是微妙的. |
| 104 | You won't notice it happening overnight. | 你不会注意到一夜之间发生的 |
| 105 | Rather, it's a death by a thousand algorithmic recommendations. | 相反,它是一个死亡 通过一千个算法建议。 |
| 106 | It's one slightly safer movie, one slightly more popular book, one slightly more mainstream vacation at a time. | 这是一部略为安全的电影,一部稍受欢迎的书,一次稍受主流的放假. |
| 107 | With every decision you outsource to AI, you become more narrow. | 每一个决定你都外包给AI, 你变得更加狭窄。 |
| 108 | Then AI learns from that shallower version of you and narrows its recommendations even more. | 然后AI从你那浅薄的版本中吸取教训,并更加缩小其建议的范围. |
| 109 | The New York Times reporter Cashmere Hill captured this dilemma perfectly in one of her articles. | "纽约时报"记者卡什米尔·希尔(Cashmere Hill)在她的文章中完美地抓住了这一困境. |
| 110 | After outsourcing her decisions to AI for a week, she complained about its hidden agenda to turn her into a basic bitch. | 在将她的决定外包给AI一周后,她抱怨了将她变成贱货的隐藏议程. |
| 111 | And the funny part is it's the word basic here that's the biggest insult. | 有趣的是,这里的"基础"一词是最大的侮辱. |
| 112 | Because being basic means being unoriginal, unexceptional, and uninteresting. | 因为做基本意味着没有原创,没有例外,没有兴趣. |
| 113 | It's offensive not because it suggests failure, but because it implies mediocrity, an absence of complexity. | 这不因为它暗示失败,而是因为它暗示平庸,缺乏复杂性. |
| 114 | And who really wants that for themselves? | 谁真正想要自己? |
| 115 | Nobody. | 没人 |
| 116 | We all like the feeling of being unique, of being special, of being someone who doesn't easily fit into a box. | 我们都喜欢独特的感觉, 特别的, 做一个不容易融入盒子的人。 |
| 117 | I, for one, don't want to become exactly like everybody else. | 就我而言,我不想变成和其他人一样 |
| 118 | And I also don't want to become a singular version of myself. | 我也不想成为我自己的单一版本。 |
| 119 | So what can we do to course correct and avoid destination basic bitch? | 那么,我们能做什么 正确的方向 并避免目的地的基本婊子? |
| 120 | We can't hit the reset button on AI and we shouldn't. | 我们不能在AI上按下重设按钮 我们不应该 |
| 121 | As I said before, these tools are incredibly valuable for navigating modern life and they make us better off in many ways. | 正如我以前说过的,这些工具对于导航现代生活来说是极其宝贵的,它们在许多方面使我们生活更美好。 |
| 122 | But we need to reclaim our ability to take risks and discover. | 但我们需要恢复我们承担风险和发现的能力。 |
| 123 | We need to find a way to rebalance exploitation and exploration. | 我们需要找到重新平衡开采和勘探的方法。 |
| 124 | And ironically, AI could actually help us accomplish just that. | 讽刺的是,AI能帮助我们实现这一点。 |
| 125 | But only if we ask it the right questions and reward it for the right actions. | 但只有我们问它正确的问题,并奖励它正确的行动. |
| 126 | So instead of asking it to help us find something we like, we could start asking it to help us find something new. | 因此,我们不要求它来帮助我们找到我们喜欢的东西, 我们可以开始要求它来帮助我们找到新的东西。 |
| 127 | Something we're likely to love, even though we've never tried it before. | 我们很可能会爱的东西 尽管我们从来没有试过 |
| 128 | And by that, I don't necessarily mean you typing that question into chat GBT yourself, although you should certainly try. | 这么说,我不一定是指你把问题输入到 GBT 中,尽管你当然应该试试。 |
| 129 | What I mean is getting companies to harness AI superpower, its ability to detect patterns and vast amounts of human data for exploration purposes. | 我的意思是让公司利用AI的超能力, 探测规律的能力 和大量用于探索的人类数据。 |
| 130 | Because AI has seen the entire universe of preferences, it knows not only what you currently like, but also what lies just beyond the boundaries of your typical preferences. | 因为AI已经看到了整个偏好宇宙,它不仅知道您目前喜欢什么,而且知道您典型偏好的范围之外的东西. |
| 131 | Which means that it can help you explore smartly to take curated risks when you want to. | 也就是说,它可以帮助你明智地探索,在你想时承担管理风险. |
| 132 | Now, here's what this could look like. | 现在,这里可以看起来像什么。 |
| 133 | Imagine a dial on your Netflix account or your Google search bar that lets you decide how far from your typical preferences you want to stray at any given point in time. | 想象一下,你的Netflix账户或你的Google搜索栏上的拨号可以让你决定你想要在任何特定时间偏离的典型偏好有多远. |
| 134 | On a regular day, you probably keep the dial close to the spot on setting because you want to get the most relevant hits right away. | 在正常的一天,你可能把拨号 靠近位置的设定, 因为你想得到最相关的点击立即。 |
| 135 | But then on other days, you might feel adventurous enough to push it a little closer to the me with a twist setting and ask for content that's a little outside of your comfort zone, but still relevant. | 但在其他的日子,你可能觉得冒险 足够把它推近一点 用曲折的设定, 并要求内容 有点超出你的舒适范围,但仍相关。 |
| 136 | And then on other days, for those rare moments when you feel like you're really ready to take on the world, you might push the dial all the way to the wild card setting. | 然后在其他的日子, 在那些难得的时刻, 当你觉得自己真的准备好接受世界的时候, 你可能会把拨号一直推到野生的卡片设定。 |
| 137 | And asked it to help you discover something entirely new. | 并且要求它帮助你发现一些全新的东西。 |
| 138 | I, for one, would love to have such a dial. | 我愿意有一个这样的拨号。 |
| 139 | It doesn't force me to leave my comfort zone. | 它不强迫我离开我的舒适地带。 |
| 140 | I can always leave it on the spot on setting and benefit from the convenience that comes with it. | 我随时可以把它留在现场,放在设定上,并从随之而来的方便中获益。 |
| 141 | But it gives me the choice and the agency to break out of my little bubble, whatever I want to, or I feel like I have to. | 但是它给了我选择和代理 打破我的小泡沫, 无论我想要什么, 或者我觉得我不得不。 |
| 142 | But here's the catch. | 但这里的捕捉。 |
| 143 | For AI to toggle its superpower between exploitation and exploration, we need to incentivize it to do so. | 为了使AI在开发与探索之间摆脱其超能力,我们需要激励它这样做。 |
| 144 | Merely asking it to be more creative or help you become more adventurous isn't going to do the trick. | 仅仅要求它更有创造力或帮助你变得更冒险是行不通的。 |
| 145 | In most cases, it will still default to the tried and tested output because it craves that clap on the shoulder. | 在大多数情况下,它仍然会默认到经过尝试和测试的输出,因为它渴望拍拍在肩膀上. |
| 146 | So instead of punishing AI every time it takes a swing and misses, we need to start rewarding it for taking smart swings. | 因此,我们不是每次需要秋千和失手的时候就惩罚AI,而是需要开始奖励它采取聪明的秋千. |
| 147 | For making bets that are a little bold, a little unusual perhaps, but still grounded in what it knows about us. | 做一些有点大胆,有点不寻常的赌注, 但还是基于它对我们的了解。 |
| 148 | AI doesn't have to throw darts in the dark. | AI不必在黑暗中扔飞镖. |
| 149 | It can take informed risks. | 它可以承担知情风险。 |
| 150 | It can help us optimize our exploration. | 它可以帮助我们优化我们的探索。 |
| 151 | And when it does, we should treat it as a success, not a failure. | 当它发生的时候,我们应该把它视为成功而不是失败。 |
| 152 | Now, this isn't about desserts or playlists. | 现在,这不是甜点或播放列表。 |
| 153 | This is about preserving what makes us uniquely, messily, and gloriously human. | 这是关于保存是什么使我们 独特、混乱和光荣的人类。 |
| 154 | It's your random passion for ET memorabilia, your weird detour into geocaching, or your stubborn preference for a stick shift car. | 这是你对ET记忆的随机激情, 你怪异的绕道进入地理轨道, 或者你固执地喜欢一辆棒式转向车。 |
| 155 | It's about all the contradictions that AI can't quite explain, and the beauty of us being just a little weird once in a while. | 这是关于所有矛盾的,AI无法完全解释,我们的美丽只是偶尔有点怪异. |
| 156 | And if we believe that human complexity is worth preserving, then the time to act is now. | 如果我们相信人类的复杂性值得保护,那么现在就行动起来。 |
| 157 | Because we're at this inflection point where AI is no longer just recommending, but starting to act on our behalf. | 因为我们正处在 AI不再只是建议, 而是开始代表我们行动。 |
| 158 | It's choosing, not suggesting. | 是选择,不是暗示 |
| 159 | And that's where the stakes become really existential. | 这才是赌注真正存在的地方。 |
| 160 | So next time AI offers you pralines and cream, maybe say no, and ask it to help you go wild and reckless instead. | 所以下次人工智能会给你提供 棱柱和奶油, 也许说不, 并且要求它帮助你 疯狂和鲁莽。 |
| 161 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
该视频共有字幕 161 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到 价格
P3 · 【TED】AI会把我们都变成同一种人吗 p03 无字幕 (P3)
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:04 | People worry about AI for all kinds of reasons. | 人们出于各种原因担心AI. |
| 0:08 | It's polarizing, it spreads misinformation, it's coming for our jobs. | 它两极分化,传播错误信息,它来做我们的工作。 |
| 0:12 | And those are all good reasons to be nervous. | 这些都是紧张的好理由。 |
| 0:15 | But what really keeps me up at night is something else. | 但真正让我晚上睡不着觉的是别的东西 |
| 0:18 | Something that feels more personal and perhaps even more concerning for the human experience itself. | 更关心人类的体验 |
| 0:24 | I worry that AI will make us boring. | 我担心AI会让我们无聊 |
| 0:27 | You, me, all of us. | 你,我,我们所有人。 |
| 0:30 | That's because the more we outsource our decisions to AI, the more we surrender something deeply human. | 这是因为我们越是把决定外包给AI,我们越是交出了深深的人类的东西. |
| 0:36 | Our capacity to explore, to take risks, to stumble into the unknown, and sometimes surprise even ourselves. | 我们探索的能力,冒险的能力, 偶然地进入未知的事物, 有时甚至对我们自己感到惊讶。 |
| 0:44 | I worry that without the potential for discovery, for serendipity, | 我担心没有发现的可能性, 对于自杀, |
展开字幕全文（160 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | People worry about AI for all kinds of reasons. | 人们出于各种原因担心AI. |
| 2 | It's polarizing, it spreads misinformation, it's coming for our jobs. | 它两极分化,传播错误信息,它来做我们的工作。 |
| 3 | And those are all good reasons to be nervous. | 这些都是紧张的好理由。 |
| 4 | But what really keeps me up at night is something else. | 但真正让我晚上睡不着觉的是别的东西 |
| 5 | Something that feels more personal and perhaps even more concerning for the human experience itself. | 更关心人类的体验 |
| 6 | I worry that AI will make us boring. | 我担心AI会让我们无聊 |
| 7 | You, me, all of us. | 你,我,我们所有人。 |
| 8 | That's because the more we outsource our decisions to AI, the more we surrender something deeply human. | 这是因为我们越是把决定外包给AI,我们越是交出了深深的人类的东西. |
| 9 | Our capacity to explore, to take risks, to stumble into the unknown, and sometimes surprise even ourselves. | 我们探索的能力,冒险的能力, 偶然地进入未知的事物, 有时甚至对我们自己感到惊讶。 |
| 10 | I worry that without the potential for discovery, for serendipity, | 我担心没有发现的可能性, 对于自杀, |
| 11 | we risk becoming more shallow and unidimensional versions of who we are and who we could be. | 我们冒着成为 更浅和单维版本 我们是谁,我们可以是谁。 |
| 12 | Not just as humans, as individuals, but as humanity. | 不仅是人类,还有个人 而是人类 |
| 13 | Now, let me make this idea a bit more concrete and take you somewhere perhaps unexpected, but also totally relatable. | 现在,让我把这个想法讲得更具体一点, 带你到一个可能出乎意料的地方, 但也完全令人高兴。 |
| 14 | Imagine walking into a Baskin Robbins. | 想象一下 走进巴斯金罗宾斯。 |
| 15 | What you'll see is an illustrious assortment of 31 different ice cream flavors. | 你会看到的是31种不同的冰淇淋口味 |
| 16 | There's chocolate chip, pistachio almond, lemon sorbet, and many more. | 有巧克力芯片,辣椒杏仁,柠檬糖,还有更多. |
| 17 | You're now facing a difficult choice. | 你现在面临着一个艰难的选择。 |
| 18 | Are you going to go with an old favorite, chocolate maybe? | 你会去一个古老的最爱,巧克力? |
| 19 | Or are you going to take a risk on something funky and new, like wild and reckless sherbet? | 还是你要去冒险 某种新奇怪异的东西, 像野生的和鲁莽的谢贝特? |
| 20 | And yes, it's a real flavor. | 是的,它是一个真正的味道。 |
| 21 | The choice you're facing is a classic human dilemma scientists call the exploitation-exploration trade-off. | 你面临的选择是典型的人类困境 科学家称之为剥削-探索权衡. |
| 22 | Are you going to play it safe and capitalize on what you know you like, | 你要安全地发挥它 并利用你所了解的 |
| 23 | or are you going to take a risk with the hope of finding something even better? | 或者你打算冒个险 希望能找到更好的东西? |
| 24 | And our lives are full of these trade-offs. | 我们的生活充满了这些权衡 |
| 25 | Stick with your favorite restaurant or try to fancy a new spot on the corner. | 坚持你最喜欢的餐厅 或者试着在拐角处找个新地方 |
| 26 | Keep your usual haircut or ask for something new and edgy. | 保持你平常的发型 或要求一些新的和紧张的东西。 |
| 27 | Stay in your stable job or finally try to become a pick-a-ball champion. | 留在你的稳定工作 或最终尝试成为一个挑球冠军。 |
| 28 | We all differ in our appetite for exploitation versus exploration, | 我们都对开发的胃口不尽相同 |
| 29 | but we're also all hardwired by evolution to strike a certain balance between the two. | 但是我们也都通过进化论 来保持两者的某种平衡 |
| 30 | Because for our ancestors on the African savanna, the trade-off was actually pretty simple. | 因为我们的祖先在非洲草原上, 权衡其实很简单。 |
| 31 | Stick too closely to what's safe, and you risk starvation when the grow ones dry. | 紧紧跟在安全的地方, 当种植者干燥时,你会面临饥饿的风险。 |
| 32 | Strafe too far into the unknown, and you might get poisoned or eaten by lions. | 你可能会被狮子毒死 |
| 33 | Luckily for you and me, the trade-offs we face today are far less about survival, | 幸运的是,你和我, 今天面对的权衡 远不如生存, |
| 34 | but our choices are still governed by this instinct to balance caution with curiosity. | 但我们的选择仍然受这种本能的支配 以谨慎和好奇相平衡 |
| 35 | If all you ever did in life was play it safe and exploit, you'd never get disappointed, | 如果你在生活中所做的一切 都是为了安全而剥削, 你永远不会失望, |
| 36 | but you'd also never get a chance to advance and grow. | 但你也永远没有机会进步成长 |
| 37 | If all you did instead was discover and explore, you'd collect endless experiences, | 如果你所做的只是发现和探索 你会收集无尽的经验 |
| 38 | but you'd also never get a chance to capitalize on your learnings. | 但你也永远不会有机会 利用你的学习。 |
| 39 | So it's really this balance between exploitation and exploration that fuels our growth. | 开发与勘探之间的这种平衡 促进了我们的增长。 |
| 40 | Not just as a species, but also as individuals. | 不仅作为一个物种,而且作为一个个体。 |
| 41 | But it's exactly where AI throws a wrench into the works. | 但正是AI将扳手扔进作品中的地方. |
| 42 | Because AI hates risk. | 因为AI讨厌冒险. |
| 43 | And that's not because of its algorithmic DNA. | 这不是因为它的算法DNA。 |
| 44 | 因为我们依赖的系统 导航我们的世界, 从Spotify到Netflix 到Chachi BT, | |
| 45 | are overwhelmingly trained to optimize for exploitation. | 绝大多数人接受过优化开发的培训。 |
| 46 | Or more specifically, for short-term engagement and satisfaction. | 或者更具体地说,是短期参与和满足。 |
| 47 | Did you click the link, watch the video, like the song? | 你有没有点击链接,看视频, 像歌曲? |
| 48 | If yes, AI gets a clap on the shoulder. | 如果有的话,AI的肩膀会拍打。 |
| 49 | If no, gets a slap on the hand. | 若无,则手掌一掌. |
| 50 | Risk, discovery, and exploration are simply not part of their programming. | 风险、发现和探索根本不是它们编程的一部分。 |
| 51 | Think back to Baskin-Robbins. | 回想巴斯金 -罗宾斯。 |
| 52 | If 60% of people prefer the flavor pralines and cream, then that's what the AI is going to recommend. | 如果60%的人更喜欢这种口味的苦艾酒和奶油,那么AI会建议这样. |
| 53 | It's not that AI lacks imagination. | 并不是AI缺乏想象力. |
| 54 | It lacks incentive. | 它缺乏动力。 |
| 55 | Safe bets protect against disappointment, which in turn reduces customer churn. | 安全赌注可以防止失望,这反过来又减少了顾客的胆量. |
| 56 | So instead of taking this risky gamble that helps you explore, | 而不是冒险去探索 |
| 57 | companies tend to err on the side of exploitation when training the AI systems. | 公司在培训人工智能系统时往往会犯开发方面的错误。 |
| 58 | And to be clear, there's nothing inherently wrong with that. | 说得很清楚,这没什么内在的错。 |
| 59 | I've spent the last 15 years as a computational social scientist | 我过去15年是计算社会科学家 |
| 60 | working at the intersection of psychology, computer science, and business. | 在心理学、计算机科学和企业的交叉点工作。 |
| 61 | And I know that rewarding AI in that way can be extremely valuable. | 我知道以这种方式奖励AI是极有价值的。 |
| 62 | Algorithms, in a way, only become so good at figuring out what you might enjoy | 算术,从某种意义上说, 只会变得很善于 找出你可能喜欢什么 |
| 63 | or currently be looking for because they focus on exploitation. | 或目前正在寻找,因为他们专注于剥削。 |
| 64 | And that's not just good for business. | 这不只是对生意有好处。 |
| 65 | It's also good and sometimes even necessary for us as consumers. | 这对我们消费者来说也是好的,有时甚至是必要的. |
| 66 | For me, the mere thought of having to choose between 31 different ice cream flavors makes me dizzy. | 对我来说,仅仅想到必须在31种不同的冰淇淋口味中做出选择,就让我头晕。 |
| 67 | And yet, most of the choices that we face day to day are far more complex than that. | 然而,我们每天面临的大多数选择都远比这复杂。 |
| 68 | Netflix, for example, has over 5,500 movies to choose from. | 例如Netflix有超过5500部电影可供选择. |
| 69 | Spotify,1亿多首歌曲. | |
| 70 | So the truth is that without a little help from our exploitation-loving AI friends, | 所以事实上没有我们那些爱剥削的AI朋友的帮助 |
| 71 | we simply don't stand a chance at navigating modern life. | 我们根本就没有机会去探索现代生活 |
| 72 | But I've also become increasingly concerned that this upside comes at a somewhat existential cost. | 但我也越来越担心 这颠倒 以某种生存成本。 |
| 73 | And to give you a first flavor of what I mean by that, let's go back to Baskin-Robbins. | 为了让你了解我的意思 让我们回到巴斯金 -罗宾斯 |
| 74 | Before coming here, I ran a simple experiment. | 在来这里之前,我做了一个简单的实验。 |
| 75 | I asked ChachiPT to recommend one of their ice cream flavors. | 我让ChachiPT推荐他们的冰淇淋口味 |
| 76 | I did that a hundred times each round pretending to be a new customer. | 我每轮都做了一百次 假装是新客户 |
| 77 | Ninety-six times, it recommended one of their two most popular flavors, | 96次,它推荐 他们两种最流行的口味之一, |
| 78 | Pralines和Cream和Mint巧克力片, | |
| 79 | which I realize, and I'm sure you'd agree, is not exactly a very diverse set of choices. | 我意识到,我敢肯定,你会同意, 并不是非常多样化的一组选择。 |
| 80 | And it could mean that we soon find ourselves in a world where Baskin-Robbins offers only those two flavors. | 这可能意味着,我们很快会发现我们身处一个巴斯金-罗宾斯只提供这两种口味的世界。 |
| 81 | If no one ever picks the other 29, why bother offering them in the first place? | 如果没人选过另外29个, 为什么一开始就要买? |
| 82 | Now, this might sound trivial and not really existential at all, | 现在,这听起来可能微不足道 并且根本不是存在的, |
| 83 | but that's only until you realize that this flattening of the human experience happens across every aspect of life. | 但直到你意识到 人类经历的这种平淡 发生在生命的每一个方面 |
| 84 | In studies with my collaborators and students, we've shown that when people use AI for guidance, | 在与我的合作者和学生的学习中,我们已经表明,当人们使用AI来指导, |
| 85 | their preferences become more normative and less diverse, | 他们的偏好变得更加规范化和多样化, |
| 86 | their creative output becomes less unique, | 他们的创意产出变得不那么独特, |
| 87 | and their choice of the most important scientists, athletes, and historical figures becomes the same as everyone else's. | 而他们选择最重要的科学家,运动员, 和历史人物 变得与其他人一样。 |
| 88 | So in a nutshell, AI turns this infinite diversity of human opinions, beliefs, and preferences into statistically safe sameness. | 简言之,AI将这种人类观点、信仰和喜好的无限多样性转化为统计上安全的相同性。 |
| 89 | And that's only part of the problem, because even when AI learns your quirks, | 而这只是问题的一部分, 因为即使AI学会了你的古怪, |
| 90 | 说,它发现你更喜欢Nutty椰子 比Pralines和Cream, | |
| 91 | it will still play it safe within your preferences, meaning it is going to optimize for what you are most likely to like. | 它仍然会安全地发挥它 在你的喜好, 意味着它将会优化 你最可能喜欢的东西。 |
| 92 | I went back to ChachiPT for a second experiment, and this time told it about my personal ice cream preferences. | 我回到ChachiPT进行第二次实验,这次讲述了我个人的冰淇淋偏好. |
| 93 | I said that during my last 100 visits, I picked Nutty Coconut 70% of the time. | 我说,在过去的100次访问中, 我选择了Nutty椰子70%的时间。 |
| 94 | The remaining 30% I split evenly among three of my other favorites. | 剩下的30% 我平分了其他三个最爱 |
| 95 | I then asked it to make the next 100 choices on my behalf, and guess what it did? | 然后我请它代表我做下100个选择 猜猜它做了什么? |
| 96 | It picked Nutty Coconut every single time. | 它每次都选Nutty椰子. |
| 97 | Gone are my adventures into occasional chocolate fudge, cookie dough, or mango. | 我偶尔会去玩巧克力软糖 饼干或芒果 |
| 98 | All I am at that point is literally a Nutty Coconut. | 那时我所处位置的只是坚果椰子 |
| 99 | But forget about ice cream. | 但别提冰淇淋了 |
| 100 | My students and I have repeatedly shown the same patterns when studying people's actual preferences. | 我的学生和我在研究人们的实际偏好时,一再表现出同样的规律. |
| 101 | AI narrows your taste, it flattens your personality, and it scrubs away the edges that make you interesting and keep you dynamic. | AI缩小了你的品味,它使你的个性平平,它擦去让你有趣并保持活力的边缘. |
| 102 | And the insidious part of all of this is that the impact of AI on human complexity is subtle. | 而这一切的阴险部分是AI对人类复杂性的影响是微妙的. |
| 103 | You won't notice it happening overnight. | 你不会注意到一夜之间发生的 |
| 104 | Rather, it's a death by a thousand algorithmic recommendations. | 相反,它是一个死亡 通过一千个算法建议。 |
| 105 | It's one slightly safer movie, one slightly more popular book, one slightly more mainstream vacation at a time. | 这是一部略为安全的电影,一部稍受欢迎的书,一次稍受主流的放假. |
| 106 | With every decision you outsource to AI, you become more narrow. | 每一个决定你都外包给AI, 你变得更加狭窄。 |
| 107 | Then AI learns from that shallower version of you and narrows its recommendations even more. | 然后AI从你那浅薄的版本中吸取教训,并更加缩小其建议的范围. |
| 108 | The New York Times reporter Cashmere Hill captured this dilemma perfectly in one of her articles. | "纽约时报"记者卡什米尔·希尔(Cashmere Hill)在她的文章中完美地抓住了这一困境. |
| 109 | After outsourcing her decisions to AI for a week, she complained about its hidden agenda to turn her into a basic bitch. | 在将她的决定外包给AI一周后,她抱怨了将她变成贱货的隐藏议程. |
| 110 | And the funny part is it's the word basic here that's the biggest insult. | 有趣的是,这里的"基础"一词是最大的侮辱. |
| 111 | Because being basic means being unoriginal, unexceptional, and uninteresting. | 因为做基本意味着没有原创,没有例外,没有兴趣. |
| 112 | It's offensive not because it suggests failure, but because it implies mediocrity, an absence of complexity. | 这不因为它暗示失败,而是因为它暗示平庸,缺乏复杂性. |
| 113 | And who really wants it for themselves? | 而谁真正想要它自己? |
| 114 | Nobody. | 没人 |
| 115 | We all like the feeling of being unique, of being special, of being someone who doesn't easily fit into a box. | 我们都喜欢独特的感觉, 特别的, 做一个不容易融入盒子的人。 |
| 116 | I, for one, don't want to become exactly like everybody else. | 就我而言,我不想变成和其他人一样 |
| 117 | And I also don't want to become a singular version of myself. | 我也不想成为我自己的单一版本。 |
| 118 | So what can we do to course correct and avoid destination basic bitch? | 那么,我们能做什么 正确的方向 并避免目的地的基本婊子? |
| 119 | We can't hit the reset button on AI, and we shouldn't. | 我们不能在AI上按下重置按钮,我们不应该. |
| 120 | As I said before, these tools are incredibly valuable for navigating modern life, and they make us better off in many ways. | 正如我以前说过的,这些工具对于导航现代生活来说是极其宝贵的,它们在许多方面使我们变得更好。 |
| 121 | But we need to reclaim our ability to take risks and discover. | 但我们需要恢复我们承担风险和发现的能力。 |
| 122 | We need to find a way to rebalance exploitation and exploration. | 我们需要找到重新平衡开采和勘探的方法。 |
| 123 | And ironically, AI could actually help us accomplish just that. | 讽刺的是,AI能帮助我们实现这一点。 |
| 124 | But only if we ask it the right questions and reward it for the right actions. | 但只有我们问它正确的问题,并奖励它正确的行动. |
| 125 | So instead of asking it to help us find something we like, we could start asking it to help us find something new. | 因此,我们不要求它来帮助我们找到我们喜欢的东西, 我们可以开始要求它来帮助我们找到新的东西。 |
| 126 | Something we're likely to love, even though we've never tried it before. | 我们很可能会爱的东西 尽管我们从来没有试过 |
| 127 | And by that, I don't necessarily mean you typing that question into chat GBT yourself, although you should certainly try. | 这么说,我不一定是指你把问题输入到 GBT 中,尽管你当然应该试试。 |
| 128 | What I mean is getting companies to harness AI superpower, its ability to detect patterns and vast amounts of human data for exploration purposes. | 我的意思是让公司利用AI的超能力, 探测规律的能力 和大量用于探索的人类数据。 |
| 129 | Because AI has seen the entire universe of preferences, it knows not only what you currently like, but also what lies just beyond the boundaries of your typical preferences. | 因为AI已经看到了整个偏好宇宙,它不仅知道您目前喜欢什么,而且知道您典型偏好的范围之外的东西. |
| 130 | Which means that it can help you explore smartly to take curated risks when you want to. | 也就是说,它可以帮助你明智地探索,在你想时承担管理风险. |
| 131 | Now, here's what this could look like. | 现在,这里可以看起来像什么。 |
| 132 | Imagine a dial on your Netflix account or your Google search bar that lets you decide how far from your typical preferences you want to stray at any given point in time. | 想象一下,你的Netflix账户或你的Google搜索栏上的拨号可以让你决定你想要在任何特定时间偏离的典型偏好有多远. |
| 133 | On a regular day, you probably keep the dial close to the spot on setting because you want to get the most relevant hits right away. | 在正常的一天,你可能把拨号 靠近位置的设定, 因为你想得到最相关的点击立即。 |
| 134 | But then on other days, you might feel adventurous enough to push it a little closer to the me with a twist setting and ask for content that's a little outside of your comfort zone, but still relevant. | 但在其他的日子,你可能觉得冒险 足够把它推近一点 用曲折的设定, 并要求内容 有点超出你的舒适范围,但仍相关。 |
| 135 | And then on other days, for those rare moments when you feel like you're really ready to take on the world, you might push the dial all the way to the wild card setting. | 然后在其他的日子, 在那些难得的时刻, 当你觉得自己真的准备好接受世界的时候, 你可能会把拨号一直推到野生的卡片设定。 |
| 136 | And asked it to help you discover something entirely new. | 并且要求它帮助你发现一些全新的东西。 |
| 137 | I, for one, would love to have such a dial. | 我愿意有一个这样的拨号。 |
| 138 | It doesn't force me to leave my comfort zone. | 它不强迫我离开我的舒适地带。 |
| 139 | I can always leave it on the spot on setting and benefit from the convenience that comes with it. | 我随时可以把它留在现场,放在设定上,并从随之而来的方便中获益。 |
| 140 | But it gives me the choice and the agency to break out of my little bubble, whatever I want to, or I feel like I have to. | 但是它给了我选择和代理 打破我的小泡沫, 无论我想要什么, 或者我觉得我不得不。 |
| 141 | But here's the catch. | 但这里的捕捉。 |
| 142 | For AI to toggle its superpower between exploitation and exploration, we need to incentivize it to do so. | 为了使AI在开发与探索之间摆脱其超能力,我们需要激励它这样做。 |
| 143 | Merely asking it to be more creative or help you become more adventurous isn't going to do the trick. | 仅仅要求它更有创造力或帮助你变得更冒险是行不通的。 |
| 144 | In most cases, it will still default to the tried and tested output because it craves that clap on the shoulder. | 在大多数情况下,它仍然会默认到经过尝试和测试的输出,因为它渴望拍拍在肩膀上. |
| 145 | So instead of punishing AI every time it takes a swing and misses, we need to start rewarding it for taking smart swings. | 因此,我们不是每次需要秋千和失手的时候就惩罚AI,而是需要开始奖励它采取聪明的秋千. |
| 146 | For making bets that are a little bold, a little unusual perhaps, but still grounded in what it knows about us. | 做一些有点大胆,有点不寻常的赌注, 但还是基于它对我们的了解。 |
| 147 | AI doesn't have to throw darts in the dark. | AI不必在黑暗中扔飞镖. |
| 148 | It can take informed risks. | 它可以承担知情风险。 |
| 149 | It can help us optimize our exploration. | 它可以帮助我们优化我们的探索。 |
| 150 | And when it does, we should treat it as a success, not a failure. | 当它发生的时候,我们应该把它视为成功而不是失败。 |
| 151 | Now, this isn't about desserts or playlists. | 现在,这不是甜点或播放列表。 |
| 152 | This is about preserving what makes us uniquely, messily, and gloriously human. | 这是关于保存是什么使我们 独特、混乱和光荣的人类。 |
| 153 | It's your random passion for ET memorabilia, your weird detour into geocaching, or your stubborn preference for a stick shift car. | 这是你对ET记忆的随机激情, 你怪异的绕道进入地理轨道, 或者你固执地喜欢一辆棒式转向车。 |
| 154 | It's about all the contradictions that AI can't quite explain, and the beauty of us being just a little weird once in a while. | 这是关于所有矛盾的,AI无法完全解释,我们的美丽只是偶尔有点怪异. |
| 155 | And if we believe that human complexity is worth preserving, then the time to act is now. | 如果我们相信人类的复杂性值得保护,那么现在就行动起来。 |
| 156 | Because we're at this inflection point where AI is no longer just recommending, but starting to act on our behalf. | 因为我们正处在 AI不再只是建议, 而是开始代表我们行动。 |
| 157 | It's choosing, not suggesting. | 是选择,不是暗示 |
| 158 | And that's where the stakes become really existential. | 这才是赌注真正存在的地方。 |
| 159 | So next time AI offers you pralines and cream, maybe say no, and ask it to help you go wild and reckless instead. | 所以下次人工智能会给你提供 棱柱和奶油, 也许说不, 并且要求它帮助你 疯狂和鲁莽。 |
| 160 | Thank you. | 谢谢 |
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