《经济学人》印度教育如何沦为收割底层的“痛苦机器” [B2]

共 1 集

剧集目录

集	标题	时长
P1	《经济学人》印度教育如何沦为收割底层的“痛苦机器” [B2]	8:47

P1 · 《经济学人》印度教育如何沦为收割底层的“痛苦机器” [B2] p01 原声 (P1)

《经济学人》印度教育如何沦为收割底层的“痛苦机器” [B2] p01 原声 (P1)

发布于 2026-10-01 · 时长 8:47

字幕摘录

时间	英文	中文
0:03	Asia.	亚洲。
0:06	India.	印地语。
0:07	Misery Machine.	灾难机器
0:10	India's education system is failing in new ways.	印度的教育制度正在以新的方式失败。
0:15	India is talking about education.	印度在谈论教育。
0:18	After a hot summer dominated by youth protests that	在炎热的夏天以青年抗议为主
0:22	toppled the country's education minister, attention has stayed on the schools, colleges	推翻了国家的教育部长, 学校,学院一直受到关注
0:29	in which almost 300 million Indians are enrolled.	将近3亿印度人注册入学。
0:33	The fatal collapse of a	一个致命的崩溃
0:35	student hostel in Delhi on September 6th quickly became another symbol of	9月6日在德里的学生宿舍迅速成为另一个象征:

展开字幕全文（165 条）

序号	英文	中文
1	Asia.	亚洲。
2	India.	印地语。
3	Misery Machine.	灾难机器
4	India's education system is failing in new ways.	印度的教育制度正在以新的方式失败。
5	India is talking about education.	印度在谈论教育。
6	After a hot summer dominated by youth protests that	在炎热的夏天以青年抗议为主
7	toppled the country's education minister, attention has stayed on the schools, colleges	推翻了国家的教育部长, 学校,学院一直受到关注
8	in which almost 300 million Indians are enrolled.	将近3亿印度人注册入学。
9	The fatal collapse of a	一个致命的崩溃
10	student hostel in Delhi on September 6th quickly became another symbol of	9月6日在德里的学生宿舍迅速成为另一个象征:
11	neglect.	忽视。
12	与此同时,领导抗议活动的Cockroach Junta党或CJP已经
13	encouraged its supporters to report on schools across the country, turning the	鼓励支持者报告全国各地的学校情况,
14	gaze of millions on social media onto the shoddy conditions in which Indian	数百万人在社交媒体上关注着印度人的恶劣状况
15	children are supposed to learn.	孩子们应该学习。
16	The spark of street action was an exam leak, but	街头行动的火花是考试漏报,但
17	the fuel was rage at a system that has become what Yamini Iyer of Brown	燃料是愤怒的系统已经成为布朗的亚米尼・艾耶
18	University calls a Misery Machine.	大学称"灾难机器".
19	In what are probably the world's most	世界上最伟大的
20	selective exams, tens of millions of poorly taught students compete for a	有选择的考试, 数千万教学不良的学生竞争
21	tiny number of golden tickets into elite universities and government jobs.	进入精英大学和政府岗位的金票很少
22	Their	他们的
23	families fork out for private coaching schools and colleges.	家庭叉出私人辅导学校和学院。
24	But for most, it	但对于大多数人来说,
25	ends in disappointment.	以失望结束
26	Only seven percent of graduates find a formal job	只有7%的毕业生找到正式工作
27	within a year, according to Azim Premji University in Bangalore.	根据班加罗尔的Azim Premji大学,一年之内。
28	Most are	多数是
29	unemployed for years, thanks to a yawning gap between the numbers of	由于失业人数之间的巨大差距,
30	graduates and jobs.	毕业生和工作。
31	Poor education is not the main reason that India is failing to	教育程度低并不是印度未能实现
32	create enough jobs.	创造足够的就业机会。
33	Weak governance and bad rules that hamper the private sector	阻碍私营部门的治理薄弱和规则不良
34	are more obvious maladies, but it does not help.	更明显的疾病但它没有帮助。
35	Even as the country churns out	即便全国一片混乱
36	graduates, many firms struggle with hiring.	毕业生们,很多公司都在为招聘而挣扎。
37	India is producing people with	印度正在生产人类
38	Kartik Muralidharan说,
39	California, San Diego.	加州,圣地亚哥。
40	For three decades, Indian education has expanded at	30年来,印度的教育在
41	breakneck speed.	突破速度。
42	That has spawned new problems.	这产生了新的问题。
43	To see what is going wrong,	看出什么问题
44	follow the journey of a child.	跟着孩子的旅程
45	On her first day at school, she might feel	在学校第一天她可能觉得
46	thankful.	谢谢
47	In 1990, almost a quarter of Indian children did not attend primary	1990年,将近四分之一的印度儿童没有上小学。
48	school.	学校。
49	Now just two percent miss out.	现在只有2%错过。
50	But as enrollment rose, quality fell.	但随着入学人数增加,质量下降。
51	By	以
52	2022, a survey of rural schools found three in five children in year five	2022年,一项农村学校调查发现,每5名儿童中有3名在五年级
53	could not read a year two text.	无法读取两年的文本。
54	There has since been a modest improvement, with	自那时以来,情况略有改善,
55	some states pushing teachers to focus on basic literacy and numeracy.	有些州敦促教师注重基本识字和算术。
56	But most	但大多数
57	schools still fail to do this, meaning students lack the building blocks they	学校仍然没有做到这一点,这意味着学生缺乏他们的基石
58	As a result, many sit quietly absorbing little or nothing.	因此,许多人静静地坐着,很少或根本没有吸收。
59	That continues at	继续
60	secondary school.	中学。
61	The CJP's focus on shabby classrooms makes sense as a	CJP专注于简陋的教室是有意义的
62	campaign who can defend ceilings with holes, but India's real problem is its	但印度的真正问题在于印度的
63	teachers.	老师
64	State governments are hopeless at holding them to account, partly	州政府没有希望追究他们的责任,部分
65	because teacher unions act as large voting blocks.	因为教师工会是一大块投票区
66	In 2024, rural secondary	2024年,农村中学
67	school teachers were absent for one in every eight days.	每八天有一名教师缺席。
68	India has taken part in	印度参加了
69	international PISA assessments only once in 2009.	2009年国际PISA评估仅有一次.
70	Its schools did miserably,	它的学校很不幸
71	coming in the bottom three out of 74 countries and regions in reading, maths	在74个国家和地区的阅读、数学和数学中排名倒数三
72	and science.	科学
73	No surprise, then, that parents are looking elsewhere.	父母正在寻找别的地方,这不奇怪。
74	Almost 100	将近100人
75	million Indian children attend fee-paying schools.	数百万印度儿童上付费学校。
76	That is 39 percent of	这是39%
77	kids, up from 32 percent in 2015.	孩子们,比2015年的32%有所增加。
78	A handful are excellent, but most are budget	少数是优秀的,但大多是预算
79	private schools for families who scrape by.	私人学校,为家庭刮过。
80	It is good that parents are demanding	父母的要求是不错的
81	better and, in theory, a growing private sector leaves the state with more	从理论上讲,越来越多的私营部门使国家拥有了更多
82	resources per child, but this mass exit means politicians feel even less	但这种大规模退出意味着政客们更不觉得
83	pressure to raise standards.	提高标准的压力。
84	The private sector is also poorly regulated.	私营部门的管理也很差。
85	New	新设
86	problems are thus piled on top of old ones.	因此,问题堆积在旧问题之上。
87	The same dynamic is underway when a	同样的动态正在发生,当
88	student reaches the booming tertiary sector.	学生进入繁荣的高等教育部门。
89	Around 30 percent of Indian	大约30%的印度人
90	children study past school, up from 20 percent a decade ago.	儿童学习过去,比十年前的20%高。
91	Much of the rise is	大部分涨幅是
92	students from lower castes.	低种姓的学生。
93	It has been accommodated largely by the growth of	其主要原因是,
94	affiliated colleges, small privately run institutions that operate under the	附属学院,根据《宪法》运作的小型私营机构
95	umbrella of a university.	大学的伞。
96	At COMIT Career Academy, an affiliated college in	在COMIT职业学院,附属学院
97	South Delhi, a clutch of youthful students say they are paying 40,000 rupees,	南德里,一群年轻学生说他们付了4万卢比
98	that's $420 a year.	一年420块
99	Most come from poor families for whom this is a big and	大部分来自贫穷家庭,对他们来说,这是一个大家庭
100	risky investment.	风险投资。
101	They lacked the grades for public universities where fees are	他们缺乏公立大学的分数收费
102	much lower.	更低点
103	There is a lot of pressure, says one.	第一,压力很大。
104	Too much, another exclaims.	太多,又一个叹息。
105	The	那个
106	teachers are nice, they say, though the facilities are basic.	他们说老师很好虽然设施很基本
107	The college	学院
108	itself as one of the best collages.	作为最好的拼图之一
109	Sick in Delhi, its website features a	在德里生病,其网站的功能a
110	carousel of distinguished alumni in corporate jobs.	公司工作的杰出校友的木马
111	More than 10,000 such	超过一万个
112	colleges have sprouted in the past decade.	在过去十年中,各学院纷纷兴起。
113	Experts have concerns.	专家有顾虑。
114	One problem	一个问题
115	is that cash-strapped universities now depend on the affiliates for revenue and	现金拮据的大学现在依靠附属大学获得收入和收入。
116	have little incentive to insist on high standards.	没有什么动机坚持高标准。
117	And poor schooling means many	学校教育差意味着很多
118	students are already years behind when they start college.	学生在上大学时已经落后了几年。
119	No wonder some	难怪有些
120	businesses believe that degrees are worthless.	企业认为学位毫无价值
121	Survey the whole system and	调查整个系统
122	three things stand out.	三事显.
123	The first is that India has only partially escaped its	第一,印度仅部分逃脱了
124	history.	历史
125	The country's early leaders neglected mass education, believing	国家早期领导人忽视了大众教育,相信
126	industrial modernization could be achieved with a small number of elite	少数精英可以实现工业现代化
127	schools and universities.	学校和大学。
128	Today, India has a mass education system, but it	今天,印度实行大众教育体系,但是
129	remains highly elitist.	仍然高度精英化。
130	A small number of high-quality institutions, largely	少数高质量的机构,主要是:
131	occupied by the privileged, followed by a long tail of poor ones.	被特权者占据,接着是一长串穷人。
132	We never	我们从来没有
133	阿西姆·普雷姆吉的Amit Basole说,
134	University.	大学.
135	The second is that education has too often become a racket.	第二,教育常常成为一场闹剧。
136	Private	私营
137	schools take in perhaps $30 billion a year and coaches more than $8 billion.	学校每年可能接受300亿美元,教练费超过80亿美元。
138	Both prey on aspiration.	两者都是渴望的猎物
139	Poor families invest in low-grade degrees that	贫困家庭投资水平低,
140	offer little prospect of a good job.	没有什么好工作的希望。
141	In a country like India, a growing private	在一个像印度这样的国家, 一个不断增长的私人
142	market needs strong regulation.	市场需要强有力的监管。
143	Instead, many politicians see it as a way to make	相反,许多政治人物认为这是一种方法
144	money, says Santosh Mahotra of Jawaharlal Nehru University.	尼赫鲁大学的桑托什·马霍特拉说
145	Who has set up these	是谁安排的?
146	affiliated colleges?	附属学院?
147	It's the politicians.	是诸政治人物.
148	Third is misallocation.	三是分配不当.
149	India's education	印度的教育
150	system provides a poor return on investment.	投资回报率很低。
151	It keeps growing partly because	它不断增长部分原因是
152	it has more than one function.	它有一个以上的功能。
153	For families, a degree is a social status	对于家庭来说,学位是一种社会地位
154	signal.	信号
155	For women, it is a way of improving marriage prospects.	对妇女来说,这是改善婚姻前景的一种方式。
156	Even	连
157	manual jobs often now needlessly demand degrees.	手动工作现在往往不必要地要求学位。
158	The CJP's success has been to	正义党的成功是
159	raise education's salience.	提高教育的突出地位。
160	Politicians are frightened because the group's	政客们害怕,因为
161	message has wide appeal both to the students caught up in the misery machine	信息对困在痛苦机器里的学生都有广泛的吸引力
162	and to the parents racing its wheels.	以及父母的车轮。
163	Yet the failures of Indian education are	然而印度教育的失败
164	systemic.	系统化。
165	They will not be fixed as easily as a leaky classroom roof.	它们不会像一个漏气的教室屋顶那样容易修好。

该视频共有字幕 165 条。解锁更多字幕为会员功能，请移动到价格

下载安装