【纪录片】（第二集）向美国学前教育“开端计划之父”爱德华·载
字幕摘录
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 0:14 | Before Head Start, there were programs for poor children in this country. | 在开始前,这个国家有针对贫困儿童的方案。 |
| 0:21 | I think of Susan Gray's project down in Nashville, the Deutsches project in New York City. | 我想到Susan Gray在纳什维尔的项目 纽约市的德国人项目 |
| 0:29 | There was actually one in New Haven that was sponsored by the Ford Foundation. | 实际上纽黑文有一个是由福特基金会赞助的. |
| 0:36 | But what characterized those programs was they were interested only in education, only | 但是,这些方案的特点是,它们只对教育感兴趣,只是 |
| 0:47 | in education, and what Head Start did was introduce really the whole child approach. | 在教育领域,“开始”所做的就是真正地引入了整个儿童方法。 |
| 0:56 | The whole child concept first was articulated back in 1930 in a conference on children | 整个儿童概念最早是在1930年的儿童会议上阐述的 |
| 1:02 | that was being held by the White House. | 被白宫控制着 |
| 1:04 | And it was a concept that was kicked around and people talked about, and I think people | 这是一个被踢开的概念 人们谈论,我觉得人们 |
| 1:08 | understood the importance of it. | 了解它的重要性。 |
| 1:09 | It's ironic that it was first mentioned in 1930, the very year that Ed Ziegler was born, | 讽刺的是,它第一次被提到 1930年, 埃德·齐格勒出生的这一年, |
展开字幕全文（50 条）
| 序号 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Before Head Start, there were programs for poor children in this country. | 在开始前,这个国家有针对贫困儿童的方案。 |
| 2 | I think of Susan Gray's project down in Nashville, the Deutsches project in New York City. | 我想到Susan Gray在纳什维尔的项目 纽约市的德国人项目 |
| 3 | There was actually one in New Haven that was sponsored by the Ford Foundation. | 实际上纽黑文有一个是由福特基金会赞助的. |
| 4 | But what characterized those programs was they were interested only in education, only | 但是,这些方案的特点是,它们只对教育感兴趣,只是 |
| 5 | in education, and what Head Start did was introduce really the whole child approach. | 在教育领域,“开始”所做的就是真正地引入了整个儿童方法。 |
| 6 | The whole child concept first was articulated back in 1930 in a conference on children | 整个儿童概念最早是在1930年的儿童会议上阐述的 |
| 7 | that was being held by the White House. | 被白宫控制着 |
| 8 | And it was a concept that was kicked around and people talked about, and I think people | 这是一个被踢开的概念 人们谈论,我觉得人们 |
| 9 | understood the importance of it. | 了解它的重要性。 |
| 10 | It's ironic that it was first mentioned in 1930, the very year that Ed Ziegler was born, | 讽刺的是,它第一次被提到 1930年, 埃德·齐格勒出生的这一年, |
| 11 | but it wasn't really until Head Start that anybody actually took it serious enough to | 但直到"开局"才真正有人认真对待 |
| 12 | actually do anything with that concept. | 实际做任何事情 与这个概念。 |
| 13 | It was an academic concept that Ed turned into a reality in terms of how we treat children | 这是一个学术概念,Ed在如何对待儿童方面变成了现实 |
| 14 | and families. | 和家属。 |
| 15 | Sadly, there are little children who are already headed for lives of frustration and misery. | 可悲的是,有些儿童已经走向沮丧和痛苦的生活。 |
| 16 | No one ever read them a story, taught them a nursery rhyme, showed them about colors, | 没有人读过他们的故事, 教他们婴儿韵律, 给他们看颜色, |
| 17 | letters, and numbers. | 字母和数字。 |
| 18 | Beginning in 1964, Sar Schreiber, who was the head of the war on poverty really, had | 从1964年开始,萨尔·施赖伯, 曾是反贫困战争的领袖, |
| 19 | this big committee that planned Head Start. | 这个大委员会 计划了"开始"。 |
| 20 | I was the youngest member. | 我是最小的成员。 |
| 21 | The thing that I remember the most was about the wisdom that went into the planning of | 我记忆最深的是 进入计划中的智慧 |
| 22 | this program. | 这个计划 |
| 23 | And it all started with the convening of a group called the Cook Committee. | 这一切从召集一个叫厨师委员会的小组开始。 |
| 24 | And they had the wisdom to see that you needed a healthy child to have a child that would | 他们有智慧 知道你需要一个健康的孩子 生一个孩子 |
| 25 | be prepared to learn, that you had to involve the parents to really be supportive of that | 准备学习,你必须让父母参与 真正支持这一点 |
| 26 | development and learning, and also that the parents in turn would learn from being part | 发展与学习,以及父母将学习如何参与 |
| 27 | of such a comprehensive program. | 如此全面的计划。 |
| 28 | The planning committee was made up of leading scholars from diverse disciplines, including | 规划委员会由来自不同学科的主要学者组成,其中包括: |
| 29 | free school education, pediatrics, child development, clinical psychology, social work, and nursing. | 免费学校教育、儿科、儿童发展、临床心理学、社会工作和护理。 |
| 30 | The planning committee's overarching goal for Head Start was the optimal development | 规划委员会的首要目标是 " 开始 " ,这是最佳的发展 |
| 31 | of the children experiencing the Head Start program. | 受头部启动方案影响的儿童。 |
| 32 | The planning committee, unfortunately, provided a very long list of sub-goals to reach this | 不幸的是,规划委员会提供了一份非常长的次级目标清单,以实现这一目标。 |
| 33 | major goal, and this long list resulted in the clear goal of Head Start remaining ambiguous. | 这一长长的清单导致 " 开始 " 的明确目标仍然含糊不清。 |
| 34 | I myself then, in my own scholarship, decided to simplify by designating the four systems | 我本人在自己的奖学金中决定通过指定四个系统来简化 |
| 35 | that were absolutely most critical in impacting human development. | 在影响人类发展方面,这一点绝对至关重要。 |
| 36 | First and foremost is the family system. | 首先是家庭制度。 |
| 37 | The other three, being the health system, the education system, and the child care system, | 其他三个方面是卫生系统、教育系统和儿童保育系统, |
| 38 | where so many children spend those critical early years of life. | 如此众多的儿童 度过了生命的最初岁月 |
| 39 | We had this big ballroom, and it was a new colonial hotel, this old battered hotel. | 我们有一个大的舞厅, 它是一个新的殖民地酒店, 这个旧的受打击的酒店。 |
| 40 | We didn't even have file cabinets. | 我们甚至没有档案柜 |
| 41 | Applications began pouring in. | 申请开始涌入。 |
| 42 | We used to keep the applications off this ballroom or restrooms, and in them were bathtubs. | 我们以前把申请放在舞厅或洗手间里 里面是浴缸 |
| 43 | And we kept the applications in those bathtubs. | 我们把申请放在浴缸里 |
| 44 | Now what Jule Sugarman did that was really brilliant was hire substitute school teachers, | 现在Jule Sugarman做的是 雇用替代学校教师 |
| 45 | and they would sit there, and they would go through these applications, and if they had | 他们将坐在那,他们将经过这些申请,如果他们有, |
| 46 | an educational component, a health component, if they had all the components of Head Start, | 教育部分,健康部分,如果他们有 " 开始 " 的所有组成部分, |
| 47 | they would check it, and it would be like five checks, and if they could give them the | 他们会检查它, 它会像五张支票, 如果他们可以给他们 |
| 48 | 5 checks, a check for Head Start would go out to them. | 5张支票, 一张"头开始"的支票会给他们。 |
| 49 | In doing that you know that you had to put into place a lot of core programs. | 在这样做的时候,你知道你必须 设置很多的核心程序。 |
| 50 | A lot of core programs. | 许多核心程序. |
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